1,721,026 research outputs found
First report of Neofusicoccum parvum causing stem and branch canker on Cannabis sativa in Italy
No full textIn 2016, symptoms of stem canker with branches dieback were detected in several Cannabis sativa L. crops, located in the northeast part of Italy (Rovigo district). Morphological and molecular identifications of the fungal colonies isolated revealed the presence of Neofusicoccum parvum. The pathogenicity was verified with Koch’s postulates setup. To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. parvum as a pathogen of C. sativa worldwide
AN ITALIAN POPULATION OF ZYMOSEPTORIA TRITICI: PATHOGENICITY AND STROBILURINS SENSITIVITY
No full textMycosphaerella graminicola (anamorph: Zymoseptoria tritici) is the causal agent of leaf blotch, the
most important foliar disease of wheat in northern and Central Europe. In Italy only during the last
few years, the incidence of the disease has been increased. During 2015 a Z. tritici population was
collected by different cultivar of bread and durum wheat cultivated in experimental plots and
commercial fields of Emilia-Romagna region (North Italy). The aim of the study was to test the
pathogenicity of each Z. tritici strains on both (bread and durum) wheat species in greenhouse. In
fact, some researchers observed that the majority of strains isolated from durum wheat are lowly
virulent on bread wheat cultivars, whereas the majority of strains isolated from bread wheat are
lowly virulent on durum wheat (Gohari et al., 2015 Mol. Plant Pathol.,16: 931–945). Another aim
was to test the sensitivity of Z. tritici population to fungicides as strobilurins by in vitro assays. The
preliminary data about pathogenicity confirm the cultivar specificity in the infection process.
Further data are required in order to confirm the hypothesis in an Italian Z. tritici population too.
The results about sensitivity test showed an EC50 value of the wild types ranged from 0.1 to 2.88
mg/l of azoxystrobin, while the isolates collected from experimental plots and commercial fields
showed EC50 value ranged from 0.01 to 5.1 mg/l.
These first results show a slight decrease of sensitivity of Z. tritici isolates collected from Emilia-
Romagna region (according to Gisi et al., 2005 Modern Fungicides and Antifungal Compounds IV,
pp 89-101)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Bayoud disease: monitoring of micoflora present in the soil of an Algerian oasis
No full textFusarium oxysporum
(Schlecht.) Snyd. & Hans., the most
common species of the genus, is widely distributed in soil and on
organic substrates. The species includes non-pathogenic, plant
and human pathogenic strains.
F. oxysporum
f. sp.
albedinis
is the
agent of bayoudh disease, causing the death of millions of mature
and young date palm trees in North Africa. The aim of this work
was to examine any correlation between the total microbial com-
munity and the incidence of the disease in an Algerian oasis. A
total of 38 soil samples were collected in 12 areas randomly cho-
sen within the oasis of Azoua and screened for the presence of
fungi, bacteria and actinomycetes. Microbes were isolated on se-
mi-selective substrates (PDS, TSA and Chitin-Agar media). Mi-
crobial entities were identified according to their morphological
traits. For each soil sample, a statistical index of richness, domi-
nance and evenness was determined. The microbial load ranged
from 1.24
×
10
3
to 9.07
×
10
4
CFU/g for fungi, 4.00
×
10
5
to 3.22
×
10
7
CFU/g for bacteria and 8.60
×
10
4
to 9.92
×
10
6
CFU/g for actino-
mycetes. The correlation between the incidence of bayoudh dis-
ease, evaluated on a visual scale, in each area and the microbial
community is reporte
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Detection of Fumonisins in Fresh and Dehydrated Commercial Garlic
No full textAn epidemic fungal disease caused by Fusarium proliferatum, responsible for fumonisin production (FB1, FB2, and FB3), has been reported in the main garlic-producing countries in recent years. Fumonisins are a group of structurally related toxic metabolites produced by this pathogen. The aim of this work was to establish an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure, mostly applied to cereals, that is suitable for fumonisin detection in garlic and compare these results to those obtained by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and screening of fresh and dehydrated garlic for toxicological risk. The results show good correlation between the two analytical methods. In fresh symptomatic garlic, fumonisin levels were higher in the basal plates than those in the portions with necrotic spots. Among the 56 commercially dehydrated garlic samples screened, three were positive by ELISA test and only one was above the limit of quantitation. The same samples analyzed by HPLC showed the presence of FB1 in trace amounts that was below the limit of quantitation; FB2 and FB3 were absent. The results are reassuring, because no substantial contamination by fumonisins was found in commercial garlic
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