88,380 research outputs found
Romanian Nationalism: An Ideology of Integration and Mobilization
No full textThe article is one of eight studies on individual countries in a volume on nationalism in Eastern Europe edited by Peter F. Sugar. It traces the story from the beginning of the century to the first years of post-Communism. As stipulated by Sugar, the article consists of four chronological sections introduced by characteristic documents in English translation by leading Romanian nationalists: Nicolae Iorga, Nichifor Crainic, Nicolae Ceauşescu, and the Greater Romania Party. Special attention is given to territorial issues and Romania’s relations with its neighbors.Eastern European Nationalism in the Twentieth Century, ed. Peter F. Sugar, 273-304. American University Press, 1995
Health care priority setting in Norway a multicriteria decision analysis
No full textBackground
Priority setting in population health is increasingly based on explicitly formulated values. The Patients Rights Act of the Norwegian tax-based health service guaranties all citizens health care in case of a severe illness, a proven health benefit, and proportionality between need and treatment. This study compares the values of the country's health policy makers with these three official principles.
Methods
In total 34 policy makers participated in a discrete choice experiment, weighting the relative value of six policy criteria. We used multi-variate logistic regression with selection as dependent valuable to derive odds ratios for each criterion. Next, we constructed a composite league table - based on the sum score for the probability of selection - to rank potential interventions in five major disease areas.
Results
The group considered cost effectiveness, large individual benefits and severity of disease as the most important criteria in decision making. Priority interventions are those related to cardiovascular diseases and respiratory diseases. Less attractive interventions rank those related to mental health.
Conclusions
Norwegian policy makers' values are in agreement with principles formulated in national health laws. Multi-criteria decision approaches may provide a tool to support explicit allocation decisions
Work relief for employees at homes for the aged – The efficiency of protective factors as a constitutional aspect in the Integrative supervision
No full textDie vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit der Untersuchung von Belastungsfaktoren im Altenpflegeberuf und stellt heraus, welche Schutzfaktoren, so genannte ‚protektive Faktoren’, Überforderung und Burn-out bei Pflegekräften verhindern könnten. Ferner wird untersucht, wie die Förderung und Aktivierung protektiver Faktoren durch die Integrative Supervision im Feld der Altenpflege gelingen kann. In der empirischen Untersuchung wurde in einem Altenheim eine Fragebogenerhebung, eine Supervisionsgruppe und Seminare zum Thema „Psychohygiene am Arbeitsplatz“ für die MitarbeiterInnen des Hauses durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die Tätigkeit im Altenpflegeberuf mit einer erhöhten körperlichen und psychischen Beanspruchung verbunden ist. Durch Zunahme des Pflege- und Betreuungsaufwands bei gleichzeitigem Personalrückgang und mangelhafter oder fehlender emotionaler Unterstützung wird die Entwicklung von Überlastungsgefühlen und Burn-out Phänomenen gefördert. Notwendige organisatorische Veränderungen im Feld der Altenhilfe werden herausgestellt. Diese können zur Gesundheitsförderung von Pflegekräften beitragen. In der Integrativen Supervision zeigt die Bewusstmachung „innerer und äußerer Ressourcen“ und die Entwicklung von „Coping- und Creating-Strategien“ eine protektive Wirkung. Somit können sich Resilienzen entwickeln, die künftigen negativen Folgen von Arbeitsbelastungen vorbeugen. Dieser Ansatz wirkt sich positiv auf die professionelle Kompetenz und Performanz der Pflegekräfte aus und könnte damit vielleicht auch als protektiver Faktor für die zu Pflegenden wirksam werden.The present work deals with the investigation of workload in the elderly care. Protective factors that avoid excessive demands leading to burn-out suffering are examined. Furthermore it is analysed how the promotion and mobilisation of such protective factors by the integrative supervision in the field of elderly care can succeed. The empirical investigation was conducted in a home for the aged by the use of a statistical questionnaire, by forming a supervision group and performing seminaries for the employees entitled “mental hygiene in the workplace”. The results show that working in the elderly care is combined with an increased physical and mental demand. The accession of the care and supervision effort with simultaneous redundancies and insufficient or missing emotional support enhances the development of congestion and burn-out phenomena. Necessary organisational changes in the field of elderly care which contribute to the health promotion of the geriatric nurse are emphasized. Inside the integrative supervision the increased awareness of resources and the development of coping and creating strategies show a protective effect. Hence, resiliencies that prevent negative consequences from workload are produced. This approach increases the professional decision-making and responsibility of the nurses and may also form a protective factor for the elderly.https://www.fpi-publikation.de/supervision/09-2010-niessen-andrea-arbeitsentlast-f-mitarbeiteri-i-altenheim-d-wirksamk-protektiv-faktor/peerReviewedpublishedVersio
New Therapies for Myocardial Infarction: Inflammation Inhibitors and Adipose Derived Stem Cells
No full textNiessen, J.W.M. [Promotor]Rossum, A.C. van [Promotor]Milligen, F. van [Copromotor
Data for: Evolution of substructure in low-interstitial martensitic stainless steel during tempering
No full textThe evolution of the substructure and the distribution of interstitial elements in lath martensite during tempering in soft martensitic stainless steel X4CrNiMo16-5-1 was studied with line profile analysis of diffractograms from energy dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction, local chemical analysis with atom probe tomography and orientation mapping with electron backscatter and transmission Kikuchi diffraction. Martensite formation occurred below 135 °C without auto-tempering and led to a dislocation density in martensite of 3.8∙10^15 m^(-2), as determined from X-ray line profile analysis. On tempering carbon and nitrogen segregated to low-angle and high-angle grain boundaries. Recovery commenced above 550 °C and led to a reduction in dislocation density to a steady value of 4∙10^14 m^(-2) at 600 to 750 °C. Further tempering led to a second increase in dislocation density at room temperature, owing to the transformation of reverted austenite, formed above 650 °C, into martensite, on cooling. It was observed that the recovery of martensite competes with the formation of reverted austenite. The interpretation of the coherently diffracting domain size obtained from X-ray line profile analysis was critically discussed in the context of the internal structure in martensite
In Situ Investigation of the Evolution of Lattice Strain and Stresses in Austenite and Martensite During Quenching and Tempering of Steel
No full textEnergy dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction was applied to investigate in situ the evolution of lattice strains and stresses in austenite and martensite during quenching and tempering of a soft martensitic stainless steel. In one experiment, lattice strains in austenite and martensite were measured in situ in the direction perpendicular to the sample surface during an austenitization, quenching, and tempering cycle. In a second experiment, the sin2ψ method was applied in situ during the austenite-to-martensite transformation to distinguish between macro- and phase-specific micro-stresses and to follow the evolution of these stresses during transformation. Martensite formation evokes compressive stress in austenite that is balanced by tensile stress in martensite. Tempering to 748 K (475 °C) leads to partial relaxation of these stresses. Additionally, data reveal that (elastic) lattice strain in austenite is not hydrostatic but hkl dependent, which is ascribed to plastic deformation of this phase during martensite formation and is considered responsible for anomalous behavior of the 200γ reflection.</p
Interdisziplinäre Kontexte der Musikpädagogik: Musiktherapie
No full textHeye A. Interdisziplinäre Kontexte der Musikpädagogik: Musiktherapie. In: Dartsch M, Knigge J, Niessen A, Platz F, Stöger C, eds. Handbuch Musikpädagogik. Grundlagen – Forschung – Diskurse. UTB. Vol 5040. Münster: Waxmann; 2018: 83-86
Variations on the Author
No full text“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Kinetics analysis of two-stage austenitization in supermartensitic stainless steel
No full textThe martensite-to-austenite transformation in X4CrNiMo16-5-1 supermartensitic stainless steel was followed in-situ during isochronal heating at 2, 6 and 18 K min− 1 applying energy-dispersive synchrotron X-ray diffraction at the BESSY II facility. Austenitization occurred in two stages, separated by a temperature region in which the transformation was strongly decelerated. The region of limited transformation was more concise and occurred at higher austenite phase fractions and temperatures for higher heating rates. The two-step kinetics was reproduced by kinetics modeling in DICTRA. The model indicates that the austenitization kinetics is governed by Ni-diffusion and that slow transformation kinetics separating the two stages is caused by soft impingement in the martensite phase. Increasing the lath width in the kinetics model had a similar effect on the austenitization kinetics as increasing the heating-rate
Martensite Formation from Reverted Austenite at Sub zero Celsius Temperature
No full textInter-critical annealing of soft martensitic stainless steel leads to formation of fine-grained reverted austenite, which is stabilized by partitioning of Ni. Generally it is reported that reverted austenite is not affected by immersion in cryogenic liquids, such as boiling N2 and He. The present data show that reverted austenite that is apparently stable at boiling nitrogen temperature does transform isothermally to martensite during holding at 195 K. The results are explained in terms of thermally activated martensite formation
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