1,720,967 research outputs found
Ketahanan Pangan Indonesia di Kawasan ASEAN
No full text<p><strong>English</strong><br />Inclusion of Indonesia in the ASEAN Single Market can be seen as opportunities and challenges for the national food resiliency. Results of the study shows that Indonesia was sufficient in food availability, moderate in food accessibility, low in food utilization, and relatively unstable in food price. To improve its food resiliency in the region, it is advisable for Indonesia to carry out some strategic steps as follows: (1) improving food self-resiliency, (2) developing local foods, (3) improving market access, and (4) improving cooperation in food security. The needed support policies were: (1) continuing efforts to increase sustainable food production, (2) developing local food industries, (3) promoting local food products, (4) improving infrastructures, logistics system, supply chain, as well as institutions and market information systems, (5) standardization of food quality and safety, (6) establishing collaboration in regional food security, and (7) managing regional food trade to achieve food resiliency.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Menjelang diberlakukannya pasar tunggal ASEAN akhir tahun 2015, Indonesia perlu untuk meningkatkan daya tahan perekonomiannya. Salah satu faktor yang menentukan daya tahan perekonomian nasional adalah ketahanan pangan nasional. Masuknya Indonesia di dalam pasar tunggal ASEAN dapat dipandang sebagai peluang sekaligus tantangan untuk meningkatkan ketahanan pangan yang mandiri. Hasil kajian pustaka dan data sekunder menunjukkan bahwa Indonesia mempunyai tingkat ketersediaan pangan yang cukup baik, kondisi akses pangan ekonomi yang sedang, tingkat pemanfaatan pangan yang kurang baik, serta tingkat harga pangan yang tinggi dan kurang stabil dibandingkan dengan negara-negara anggota ASEAN pada umumnya. Agar Indonesia mendapatkan manfaat positif dari masuknya ke dalam pasar tunggal ASEAN, disarankan untuk melaksanakan langkah-langkah strategis sebagai berikut: (1) meningkatkan kemandirian pangan nasional, (2) mengembangkan pangan lokal, (3) meningkatkan akses pasar, dan (4) meningkatkan kerja sama dalam penanganan masalah pangan. Guna melaksanakan langkah-langkah strategis tersebut diperlukan dukungan kebijakan sebagai berikut: (1) melanjutkan upaya peningkatan produksi pangan pokok secara berkelanjutan, (2) mengembangkan industri pangan lokal dari hulu ke hilir, (3) meningkatkan promosi produk pangan lokal di pasar domestik dan pasar internasional, (4) meningkatkan infrastruktur, sistem logistik, rantai pasok, serta meningkatkan kelembagaan dan sistem informasi pasar, (5) menerapkan standardisasi kualitas dan keamanan pangan, (6) meningkatkan kerja sama dalam penanganan masalah pangan di kawasan, dan (7) memanfaatkan perdagangan pangan kawasan untuk penanganan masalah pangan manakala produksi pangan nasional tidak mencukupi kebutuhan dalam negeri.</p></jats:p
Pengembangan Cadangan Pangan Nasional dalam Rangka Kemandirian Pangan
No full text<p><strong>English</strong><br />Food reserve is essential in stabilizing domestic food supplies. According to the Law No. 18/2012 on Food, national food reserve system should meet two principles, namely: (1) the reserve should be mainly built upon the national food production, and (2) the reserve is a multi-layer reserve system. Since there are diversified local food sources, the national food reserve system can be functioned as sources of diversified food supplies for the society. Indonesia needs to build a robust and resilience national food reserve due to increases in threat of global food crisis, volatility of global food supplies and prices, risks of natural disasters, and relatively large numbers of food insecure people. Indonesia adopts the stock based on the utilization ratio method in determining the Government Rice Reserve. It is advisable to harmonize quantities and kinds of food reserves managed by Central Government, Local Governments, private sector, and community.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Indonesian</strong><br />Cadangan pangan merupakan sumber pangan penting untuk menjaga stabilitas pasokan pangan pada saat di luar musim panen dan di daerah defisit pangan. Menurut Undang Undang No 18/2012 Tentang Pangan, ada dua prinsip dalam pembentukan cadangan pangan nasional yang harus dipenuhi, yaitu: (1) bahwa cadangan pangan diutamakan bersumber dari produksi dalam negeri, dan (2) bahwa cadangan pangan nasional merupakan suatu sistem cadangan berlapis. Karena ketersediaan sumber pangan lokal yang beragam, maka cadangan pangan nasional dapat menjadi sumber bagi penyediaan pangan yang beragam bagi masyarakat. Kebutuhan akan cadangan pangan nasional yang kokoh dan mandiri semakin meningkat, karena meningkatnya ancaman krisis pangan global, meningkatnya gejolak pasokan dan harga pangan dunia, meningkatnya ancaman bencana alam, serta masih banyaknya jumlah penduduk miskin dan rawan pangan di Indonesia. Pemeritah Indonesia menentukan jumlah cadangan pangannya berdasarkan rasio antara stok dengan konsumsi pangan yang disesuaikan dengan ketersediaan dana Pemerintah. Untuk mengelola cadangan pangan nasional yang efektif dan efisien, perlu harmonisasi jumlah dan jenis cadangan pangan Pemerintah, Pemerintah Daerah, swasta dan masyarakat.</p></jats:p
Pengentasan Kemiskinan di Perdesaan: Pengembangan SDM, Penguatan Usaha, dan Inovasi Pertanian
No full text<p>Poverty is an all-time problem. The process of inheritance of poverty from generation to generation will continue if there is no breakthrough to alleviate poverty. This literature study aims to determine the role of human resource development, strengthening of farmers’ business and agricultural innovation in poverty alleviation. Although poverty in Indonesia has decreased significantly, the data showed that the number of poor people is still concentrated in rural areas. The development of human resources and the strengthening of farmers' business institutions, therefore, become medium-term and long-term strategic efforts for poverty alleviation in rural areas. Challenges to sustainable agricultural production in the future will require combined efforts of technological and innovation development, improvement of agricultural policies, and strengthening of agricultural institutions. Agricultural research and development should be focused on enhancing sustainable production.</p><p> </p><p>Abstrak</p><p>Kemiskinan merupakan masalah sepanjang masa, karena kemiskinan dapat diwariskan dari satu generasi ke generasi berikutnya. Proses pewarisan kemiskinan dari generasi ke generasi akan terus berlangsung jika tidak ada terobosan untuk mengentaskan seseorang dari masalah kemiskinan. Kajian pustaka ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran pengembangan sumber daya manusia (SDM), penguatan usaha petani dan inovasi pertanian dalam pengentasan kemiskinan di perdesaan. Walaupun kemiskinan di Indonesia telah mengalami penurunan, tetapi data menunjukkan bahwa penduduk miskin masih terkonsentrasi di wilayah perdesaan. Sebagian besar penduduk miskin di perdesaan berpendidikan rendah, dan menguasai lahan yang sempit, maka pengembangan SDM dan penguatan kelembagaan usaha petani merupakan upaya strategis jangka menengah dan jangka panjang untuk pengentasan kemiskinan di perdesaan. Karena tantangan terhadap pembangunan pertanian di masa depan akan lebih kompleks, maka perlu untuk mengupayakan perpaduan antara pengembangan teknologi dan inovasi pertanian, penyempurnaan kebijakan pertanian, serta penguatan kelembagaan pertanian guna meningkatkan pendapatan dan kesejahteraan petani di perdesaan. Penelitian dan pengembangan pertanian sebagai penghasil teknologi baru dan inovasi pertanian hendaknya terfokus pada peningkatkan produksi secara berkelanjutan. </p></jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Pola Pemilikan dan Pengusahaan Lahan di Jawa Timur
Full text linkThere is no abstract available from the publish and or printed articl
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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