1,720,987 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Introduction to eNATECH
Full text linkThe impact of natural hazards on industrial plants that contain hazardous substances can cause fires, explosions, and toxic or radioactive releases. Despite a growing body of research and more stringent regulations for the design and operation of industrial installations, these so-called Natech accidents remain a threat. The collection and analysis of accident and near miss data is crucial for learning lessons to prevent future Natech accidents or to better mitigate their consequences.
The quality of Natech accident data in general industrial accident databases is not uniform and frequently lacks the necessary details which renders meaningful lesson learned studies difficult. In response, the European Commission Joint Research Centre has developed a dedicated Natech event database called eNATECH which reflects the advanced accident representation needed to capture the characteristics of Natech events.
Access to the eNATECH database is public and free, and registered users can introduce their own accident data to increase the pool of information available for Natech forensic analysis. This document explains the philosophy behind the eNATECH data structure and provides short tutorials based on real accident cases to guide users in browsing the database and in introducing their own accident or near miss data.JRC.E.2 - Technology Innovation in Securit
How to use RAPID-N
Full text linkRAPID-N is a web-based system for analyzing and mapping the risk of natural hazard impacts on industrial sites, also referred to as Natech risk. The system has been developed and is hosted by the European Commission Joint Research Centre (JRC) in response to stakeholder requests to support the systematic analysis of Natech risk. Since such multi-hazard risk analysis is very complex, comprehensive RAPID-N user guides were released in 2012 and 2018, describing the features of the system in detail and providing simple step-by-step guidance on how to use the system.
This document complements and expands on the existing user guides by providing detailed information on the consequence models implemented in RAPID-N. Moreover, it features supplementary tutorials that guide users through different Natech risk analysis case studies with increasing complexity. This guidance document also explains how to activate a new RAPID-N functionality that enables Natech consequence analysis using the calculation libraries of ADAM, a sophisticated consequence analysis system also developed by the JRC.JRC.E.2 - Technology Innovation in Securit
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Introduction to RAPID-N for Natech Risk Analysis and Mapping: A Beginner's Guide
Full text linkThe impact of natural hazards on industrial facilities, pipelines, offshore platforms and other infrastructure that handles, stores or transports hazardous substances can cause secondary events such as fires, explosions, and toxic or radioactive releases. These so-called Natech accidents have often had significant human, environmental and economic impacts. Successfully controlling Natech risk is usually a major challenge, which requires targeted prevention, preparedness and response measures. Systematic analysis and assessment of the Natech risk a prerequisite for this purpose.
Developed by the European Commission’s Joint Research Centre in response to requests by governments for efficient and easy-to-use Natech risk assessment tools, the Rapid Natech Risk Analysis and Mapping System (RAPID-N) is an on-line software for the quick analysis and mapping of Natech accident risk both at local and regional levels. The system unites natural-hazard impact assessment, Natech scenario development, and chemical accident consequence analysis capabilities under a single roof, which features a modular, extensible, and collaborative architecture facilitating data entry, analysis and visualisation.
Since it became operational in 2012, the user base of RAPID-N has been growing progressively, including more and more users from public authorities, research organisations, academia, and the private sector. According to feedback from the users, the system has been further developed in time to feature additional capabilities, such as a better and mobile-friendly user interface, a more advanced analysis framework, and extended support for various natural hazards and industrial activities. Besides a comprehensive User's Manual, the JRC has also provided case-studies and hands-on training to support the users. As part of these support activities, this beginner's guide aims to deliver a comprehensive, yet easy-to-follow introduction to Natech risk analysis and mapping by using RAPID-N.
The guide is composed of three main sections. In the first section, information about the primary record types of the system, such as natural hazards, industrial plants, and risk assessments, are explained. Data entry options and also minimum data requirements are described for each record type separately by giving examples. In the second part, the data estimation and analysis framework of RAPID-N is explained in detail. The steps of the Natech risk analysis methodology are indicated and information on customization possibilities of the analysis models by using user-defined properties and property estimators are provided, including the basics of the programming language that can be used by the users to develop custom estimators. In the last section, step-by-step risk analysis tutorials are provided for various case studies ranging from a simple single plant/single plant unit scenario to a multiple plant/multiple plant unit scenario. In addition to information on data entry and the analysis steps that should be followed for each scenario, short discussions on the risk analysis results are also provided to assist the users in the interpretation of the risk analysis reports and maps.
The information and tutorials provided in this guide will facilitate the use of RAPID-N by a wide range of users world-wide and lessen the time necessary to perform Natech risk analysis at local and regional levels. The guide also provides updated information with respect to the user manual by describing features and capabilities added or updated since the publication of the manual.JRC.E.2 - Technology Innovation in Securit
Natech risk management
Full text linkNatural hazards can trigger the release of hazardous materials when impacting industrial installations. This type of event is called Natech accident. With climate change affecting the intensity and frequency of some natural events, Natech risk has become a topic of concern for disaster risk management at local, national and international levels.
Following a number of important accidents, awareness of Natech risk has increased in the European Union, and the risk has been acknowledged in legal acts on chemical accident prevention. In 2012, an amendment of the EU Seveso Directive on the control of major accident hazards involving dangerous substances explicitly introduced Natech risk as an issue of concern that is required to be addressed.
To date the implementation of effective Natech risk management has been hampered by a general lack of guidance on how to conduct Natech risk assessment. In order to facilitate compliance with the requirements of the Seveso III Directive or similar legislation, this document provides technical guidance on Natech risk management for operators of hazardous installations and national authorities. It outlines the necessary steps in the Natech risk management process and discusses the main challenges that hamper its proper implementation. While emphasising the identification and modeling of specific scenarios for Natech risk assessment, the document also provides solutions for addressing existing gaps in Natech risk assessment and the control of Natech risk.JRC.E.2 - Technology Innovation in Securit
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