1,721,200 research outputs found
La reinterpretabilita' delle immagini mentali: L'effetto di complessità degli stimoli figurali
No full textPolymyalgia Rheumatica And Giant Cell Arteritis: Different Clinical Manifestations Of The Same Disease. A Great Mime In Geriatrics
Full text linkInflammatory periimplant diseases and the periodontal connection question
Full text linkImplant therapy has become a widespread reality in modern dentistry. Nevertheless, dental implants can fail due to different causes, among which inflammatory peri-implant diseases (IPDs) are a major challenge, with prevalences that are much higher than previously believed. Specific searches were undertaken for each question raised between October and November 2017, in the PubMed website database (US National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health; Bethesda, Maryland, United States). Only articles written in English and published from 2007 onward were considered initially. The following keywords were used in the searches periimplantitis (PI), periimplant mucositis (PM), dental implant failure, periimplant microbiota, periodontal microbiota, implant failure (no temporal limit), and foreign body reaction (no temporal limit). The selection process resulted in the selection of 239 articles that were analyzed in detail in elaborating this review. The reference list was limited to the 47 most relevant articles due to editorial limits of this Journal. Intrinsic differences between natural teeth and dental implants are able to give rise to inflammatory diseases that share only minor and scarcely relevant characters, and would consequently deserve different and specifically designed instruments and strategies, for both diagnosis and therapy
Spatial orienting in complex audiovisual environments.
No full textPrevious studies on crossmodal spatial orienting typically used simple and stereotyped stimuli in the absence of any meaningful context. This study combined computational models, behavioural measures and functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate audiovisual spatial interactions in naturalistic settings. We created short videos portraying everyday life situations that included a lateralised
visual event and a co-occurring sound, either on the same or on the opposite side of space. Subjects viewed the videos with or without eye-movements allowed (overt or covert orienting). For each video, visual and auditory saliency maps were used to index the strength of stimulus-driven signals,
and eye-movements were used as a measure of the efficacy of the audiovisual events for spatial orienting. Results showed that visual salience modulated activity in higher-order visual areas, whereas auditory salience modulated activity in the superior temporal cortex. Auditory salience modulated activity
also in the posterior parietal cortex, but only when audiovisual stimuli occurred on the same side of space (multisensory spatial congruence). Orienting efficacy affected activity in the visual cortex, within the same regions modulated by visual salience. These patterns of activation were comparable in overt and covert orienting conditions. Our results demonstrate that, during viewing of complex multisensory
stimuli, activity in sensory areas reflects both stimulus-driven signals and their efficacy for spatial orienting; and that the posterior parietal cortex combines spatial information about the visual and the auditory modality
Salienza, tonalità e memoria musicale esplicita nell’invecchiamento.
No full textPer approfondire la relazione tra caratteristiche dello stimolo musicale e memoria esplicita nell’invecchiamento,un gruppo di soggetti anziani esperti e non esperti, sono stati sottoposti ad un compito di codifica non incidentale e riconoscimento di 24 brani musicali inediti che variavano per salienza e tonalità. Dopo aver ascoltato 24 brani musicali, veniva presentata una lista composta da 24 stimoli vecchi e 24 stimoli nuovi.
Rispetto ad ogni brano musicale si richiedeva al soggetto di decidere se era presente nella lista precedente (risposte R), se evocava un senso di familiarità (risposte K) o se non era mai stato ascoltato (risposte X). I risultati sono discussi e interpretati analizzando la relazione tra tipo di stimolo e tipo di risposta nei due gruppi di soggetti poiché studi precedenti hanno dimostrato che, in soggetti non esperti, la salienza è mediata dal sistema di memoria episodico mentre la tonalità dal sistema di memoria semantico
Episodic and semantic musical memory in elderly people
No full textThe present study evaluates the role of salience and tonality of music on recognition memory in elderly non-musicians. A recognition memory task for unknown musical stimuli belonging to different categories [tonal/salient, tonal/non-salient, non-tonal/salient and non-tonal/non-salient] was administered to 42 subjects (mean age 75 ± 7.5). Correct and incorrect ‘remember’ (R) and ‘know’ (K) responses, respectively related to episodic and semantic memory according to Tulving’s model, and ‘no’ recognition responses (X) were analyzed. A comparison with a population of young subjects was performed too. Results show that saliency is a significant factor for correct R (episodic memory), whereas tonality is a significant factor for correct K (semantic memory). The number of times the ‘study list’ was listened to does not seem to substantially affect memory recognition. Elderly adults’ performances show similar trends as young subjects’ for correct R, K, and X. Viceversa, elderly subjects gave significantly more incorrect answers for R and X, while no difference between the two groups was found for incorrect answers related to semantic memory (X), confirming the acculturation value of tonality
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
- …
