1,720,957 research outputs found
Arterial hypertension in obesity: relationship with hormone and anthropometric parameters
No full textHigher Waist Circumference, Fasting Hyperinsulinemia And Insulin Resistance Characterize Hypertensive Patients With Impaired Glucose Metabolism
No full textHypertensive patients are at higher risk of pre-diabetes (impaired fasting glucose IFG and impaired glucose tolerance IGT) and type 2 DM. This study was done to examine whether some general, anthropometric, hormone, and metabolic parameters are different between subjects with normal and impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) in hypertensive subjects, thus possibly identifying some variable characterizing glucose metabolism derangement in these patients. A cohort of 134 hypertensive patients, 55 women and 79 men, aged 37-70 years, were examined. IGM patients were considered those showing IFG and/or IGT or type 2 DM after an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), and/or HbA1c > 48 mmol/l (6.5%) and/or glucose levels >155 mg/dL after 1 hour of the OGTT. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, and fasting insulin, TSH, FT3, FT4, glucose, and lipid (cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides) plasma concentrations were measured. Insulin resistance was also assessed by the homeostasis model assessment (HOMAIR).
Results: Waist circumference (p < 0.05), fasting glucose (p < 0.05) and insulin levels (p < 0.05) and HOMAIR (p < 0.05) were significantly higher in patients with IGM than in control group. All other investigated parameters, as well as the number of antihypertensive drugs per single patient, were not different between the two groups.
Conclusions: The present study, performed in a selected population of hypertensive subjects, shows that derangement of glucose metabolism is associated to central fat accumulation, hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance
Para- and perirenal ultrasonographic fat thickness is associated with 24-hours mean diastolic blood pressure levels in overweight and obese subjects
Full text linkBACKGROUND:
Renal sinus fat (RSF) has been recognized as a risk factor for arterial hypertension. This study was addressed to examine whether also para- and perirenal fat accumulation is associated to higher 24-h mean systolic (SBP) and/or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) levels in overweight and obese subjects.
METHODS:
A cohort of 42 overweight and obese patients, 29 women and 13 men, aged 25-55 years, not treated with any kind of drug, was examined. Body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), fasting insulin and glucose serum levels, insulin resistance (assessed by using the homeostasis model assessment [HOMAIR]), and 24-h aldosterone urine levels were measured. Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was measured with 15 min intervals from 7.0 a.m. to 11.0 a.m. and with 30 min intervals from 23.0 to 7.0 for consecutive 24 h, starting from 8:30 AM. Measurement of para- and perirenal fat thickness was performed by ultrasounds by a duplex Doppler apparatus.
RESULTS:
Para- and perirenal ultrasonographic fat thickness (PUFT) was significantly and positively correlated with WC (p < 0.01), insulin (p < 0.01), HOMAIR (p < 0.01), and 24-h mean DBP levels (p < 0.05). 24-h mean DBP was also significantly and positively correlated with 24-h aldosterone urine concentrations (p < 0.001). A multivariate analysis by multiple linear regression was performed; the final model showed that the association of 24-h mean DBP as dependent variable with PUFT (multiple R = 0.34; p = 0.026) and daily aldosterone production (multiple R = 0.59; p = 0.001) was independent of other anthropometric, hormone and metabolic parameters.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS:
This study shows a positive independent association between PUFT and mean 24-h diastolic blood pressure levels in overweight and obese subjects, suggesting a possible direct role of PUFT in increasing daily diastolic blood pressure
Relationship of para- and perirenal fat and epicardial fat with metabolic parameters in overweight and obese subjects
No full textBackground: The accumulation of visceral body fat, has been shown to be associated with higher risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disease. This study was addressed to examine whether para- and perirenal fat thickness and epicardial fat thickness were correlated with anthropometric- and cardiometabolic risk factors. Methods: A cohort of 102 uncomplicated overweight and obese patients was examined. BMI, waist circumference, blood pressure, fasting insulin, glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol serum levels, and insulin resistance (assessed by HOMAIR) were measured. Para- and perirenal fat thickness (PUFT) and epicardial fat thickness (EUFT) were measured by ultrasounds. Results: PUFT was positively correlated with BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p < 0.001), insulin (p < 0.001), HOMAIR(p < 0.001), triglycerides (p < 0.05), systolic (p < 0.05) and diastolic (p < 0.05) blood pressure, and negatively correlated with HDL-cholesterol (p < 0.01). EUFT was positively associated with age (p < 0.01), BMI (p < 0.001), waist circumference (p < 0.001), systolic (p < 0.01) and diastolic (p < 0.001) blood pressure, and LDL-cholesterol (p < 0.05). A multivariate analysis by multiple linear regression was performed, and the final model showed a direct association of waist circumference with both PUFT and EUFT, a correlation of PUFT with HOMAIR(positive) and HDL-cholesterol (negative), and a direct association of EUFT (both long axis and short axis) with LDL-cholesterol. All these correlations were independent of other anthropometric, metabolic and hemodynamic parameters. Conclusions: This study shows that accumulation of central fat in apparently healthy overweight and obese subjects is associated to a simultaneous increase of pararenal, perirenal and epicardial fat. Moreover, it shows that only para- and perirenal fat is independently associated to insulin resistance and lower HDL-cholesterol, and only epicardial fat is independently associated to higher LDL cholesterol. Level of evidence Level V, cross-sectional descriptive study
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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