1,721,162 research outputs found

    Sui correlati fisici della coscienza: neurali o estesi?

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    Se si mira a offrire un resoconto naturalisticamente accettabile della coscienza, una delle principali difficoltà da affrontare è quella di rendere conto di come dei processi meramente fisici siano in grado di dar vita alla complessità e alla ricchezza della nostra esperienza cosciente. Com’è noto, tale difficoltà è stata etichettata come il problema “difficile” della coscienza, un problema talmente arduo che alcuni filosofi ritengono che sia del tutto impossibile da risolvere. Se non si desidera sposare un simile scetticismo, occorre cercare non solo di offrirne una spiegazione che sia naturalisticamente accettabile, ma anche di determinare quale sia il suo specifico locus fisico. In tal senso, si tratta perlomeno di trovare risposte adeguate alle due seguenti domande: (i) Quali stati, eventi o processi fisici costituiscono i correlati (correlates) o i realizzatori (realizers) fisici delle nostre esperienze coscienti? (ii) Quale spiegazione ammissibile da un punto di vista naturalistico può dar conto della nostra esperienza cosciente? Fino a questo momento nessuno – né scienziato né filosofo – è ancora riuscito a rispondere a (ii), vale a dire a chiarire come e perché un mero substrato fisico, quale che esso sia, possa produrre e dare origine alla nostra ricca e complessa esperienza cosciente. Nel presente lavoro mi limiterò dunque a cercare di rispondere alla prima domanda, argomentando a favore dell’opportunità di sposare una posizione esternalista per ciò che riguarda i correlati fisici della coscienza

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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