1,720,968 research outputs found
Investigating secure and distributed control in IoT: improving BLE security and strengthening LoRaWAN with blockchain
Full text linkThe rapid proliferation of the Internet of Things (IoT) has led to the widespread deployment of low-power wireless communication technologies such as Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) and LoRaWAN, each designed to meet the connectivity and efficiency demands of IoT devices. BLE has emerged as a key technology for short-range communication, enabling applications such as proximity sensing, wearables, and asset tracking, while LoRaWAN supports long-range communication with low power consumption, ideal for wide-area networks in smart cities and rural areas. However, as the number of connected devices grows, so do the security and privacy concerns associated with these networks. Simultaneously, the advent of edge computing and distributed network paradigms offers potential solutions to some of these challenges, providing enhanced computational power and network decentralization, which are critical for scalable and secure IoT systems. In BLE networks, Medium Access Control (MAC) address randomization is a key privacy feature, designed to prevent device tracking by periodically changing the device’s MAC address. However, by leveraging edge computing, mesh networks of BLE sensors can be deployed to circumvent this feature, enabling large-scale tracking despite randomization. On the Low-Power Wide-Area Network (LPWAN) side, LoRaWAN typically operates under a centralized architecture, where a Network Server manages key security tasks like authentication and routing. This centralization introduces risks such as single points of failure and insider threats. To address these issues, edge computing can be applied to decentralize LoRaWAN, with edge nodes handling local processes to reduce dependency on the central server. Integrating a permissioned blockchain removes the need for centralized control, ensuring secure, transparent device authentication and key management without relying on a single authority. This work explores the dual role of edge computing and distributed networks in IoT technologies like BLE and LoRaWAN, examining both the opportunities and risks associated with decentralized approaches. For BLE, the power of edge computing used to circumvent privacy features such as MAC address randomization is investigated. For LoRaWAN, edge computing and permissioned blockchain are proposed as mechanisms to decentralize the network, removing central points of control and improving security against internal and external threats. As IoT continues to expand into various domains, from smart cities to industrial automation, understanding the interplay between edge computing, distributed networks, and low-power communication technologies will be crucial in building scalable, secure, and efficient IoT ecosystems
Analysis of Absence Seizure Generation using EEG Spatial-temporal Regularity Measures
Full text linkEpileptic seizures are generated and evolve through an underlying anomaly of synchronization in the
activity of groups of neuronal populations. The related dynamic scenario of state transitions is revealed
by detecting changes in the dynamical properties of Electroencephalography (EEG) signals. The recruit-
ment procedure ending with the crisis can be analyzed by means of a spatial-temporal plot from which
to extract suitable descriptors that are able to monitor and quantify the evolving synchronization level
from the EEG tracings. In this paper, a spatial-temporal analysis of EEG synchronization based on the
concept of Permutation Entropy (PE) is proposed. The performance of PE are tested on a database of 24
patients affected by absence (generalized) seizures. The results achieved are compared to the dynamical
behavior of the EEG of 40 healthy subjects. Being PE a feature which is dependent on two-parameters,
an extensive study of the sensitivity of the performance of PE with respect to the parameters’ setting
was carried out on scalp EEG. Once the optimal PE configuration was determined, its ability to detect
the different brain states was evaluated. One relevant result of the study is that, in contrast to the widely
accepted interpretation of the transition to absence seizure as an abrupt change, within the limits of the
analyzed database, the “jump” transition to the epileptic status is heralded well before the seizure on-
set. Indeed, ever since the interictal stages, the frontal-temporal scalp areas appear constantly associated
to PE levels that are higher compared to the remaining electrodes, whereas the parieto-occipital areas
appear associated to lower-PE values. The EEG of healthy subjects does not show any similar dynamic
behavior nor exhibits any recurrent portrait in PE topography
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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