1,721,127 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The effect of bronchodilation on symptom time course during exercise in COPD
No full textInhaled bronchodilator drugs improve exercise performance in COPD by reducing operating lung volumes. Whether this treatment modifies the rate at which symptoms intensify relative to increasing lung volume is less clear. Such a change is plausible given the improvement in frequency dependence of respiratory system resistance recently reported with nebulised beta-agonists (Dellacà et al ERJ 2009). We studied 16 patients (11 men, mean FEV1 1.21 L, mean inspiratory capacity (IC) 77% pred) who omitted their usual inhaled bronchodilators for 12-24 hours as appropriate. Patients performed a constant workload cycle ergometry test at 70% VO2 max during which symptoms of dyspnoea, leg fatigue and IC were recorded every 1 minute. Tests were done 15 minutes after 5 mg nebulised salbutamol or placebo in a double blind randomized fashion, the alternative therapy being given at a standardized time on another day with a further exercise test subsequently. Salbutamol increased FEV1 (mean change 214 ml), IC (mean change 278 ml) and exercise time (mean change 1.7 minutes).
The rate of change of symptoms per minute during the test was unchanged mean (sd) IC Vs time saline = -0.06 (0.1) and bronchodilator = -0.08 (0.1); leg fatigue Vs time saline = 0.8(0.49 and bronchodilator = 0.7 (0.3), dyspnoea Vs time = 0.6 (0.2) and bronchodilator = 0.7 (0.7) p=NS. The rate of rise of dyspnoea per unit fall in IC was unaffected (pre -10 (15) vs post -4.4 (5) dys/IC slope r2 0.56 and 0.46 respectively p=NS). Plotting the slope of dyspnoea Vs IC relationship is closely related and post is dependent on pre. These data support the view that the primary beneficial effect of bronchodilator dugs on exercise performance is to reduce operating volume and create more volume into which dynamic hyperinflation can occur
Individual variation in the time course of symptoms during exercise in COPD
No full textBreathlessness and leg fatigue are important symptoms during exercise in COPD patients. Breathlessness relates to increase in end-expiratory volume. Less is known about individual differences in the rate of change of symptoms with hyperinflation and whether this is influenced by the way data are presented and they relate to the severity of pre-exercise hyperinflation. We studied 15 stable COPD patients (11 male, mean (sd) age 65 (8) yrs, FEV1 0.91 (0.2) l, 32 (9)% predicted, IC 1.8 (0.4)l, 63 (13) % predicted) during constant load cycle ergometry at 70% VO2 max. We recorded intensity of breathlessness and leg fatigue on a Borg scale and IC every 2 minutes. We calculated the individual slopes of the change in these variables expressed as IC absolute and % predicted. There was a good relationship between symptoms and IC however expressed (r2 =0.25 p< 0.05). The individual slope of the dyspnoea/IC differed when %predicted changes were reported and values expressed in this way were not closely related to each other. There was a better relationship between the rate of change of dyspnoea and fatigue when expressed as absolute rather then % predicted (r2=0.74 p<0.01). Duration of exercise was not related to the IC% predicted before exercise the rate of change of breathlessness was greatest in patients with the highest baseline IC (r2 =0.5 p < 0.01). COPD patients show considerable variation in the rate at which symptoms develop during exercise, breathlessness relates to the degree of resting hyperinflation. Although fatigue scores show similar mean rates of change relative to IC the individual slopes are different to those for dyspnoea suggesting that different physiological processes underline these symptoms
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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