6 research outputs found
On the biography of Professor E. A. Uspensky (1901–1977)
No full textПредставлены материалы о жизни и деятельности профессора Е. А. Успенского, доктора медицинских наук, полковника медицинской службы, заведующего кафедрой патологической анатомии Одесского медицинского института имени Н. И. Пирогова. Его жизненный путь типичен для представителей русской интеллигенции, которые получили высшее образование в первые годы советской власти. Выпускник 1-го Московского университета Е. А. Успенский по обязательному распределению работал в Липецкой области, затем в Ленинградском институте усовершенствования врачей под руководством профессора Б. С. Дойникова занимался исследованием патоморфологии центральной и периферической нервной системы. Военный врач Е. А. Успенский – участник Советско-финской и Великой Отечественной войн, что во многом определило направление его последующей научной деятельности. Сферой его интересов становятся нейропатология и нейрогистология огнестрельных ранений. Работы Е. А. Успенского по военной медицине вошли в фундаментальное издание «Опыт Советской медицины в Великой Отечественной войне. 1941–1945 гг.», в котором дан глубокий и разносторонний анализ вопросов военной патологии. После войны его внимание было сосредоточено на изучении морфологии раковых процессов в нервной системе, характера происходящих в ней морфологических изменений при наличии опухолевых метастазов. На последнем этапе своей научной карьеры профессор Е. А. Успенский возглавлял кафедру патологической анатомии Одесского медицинского института, занимался научной и преподавательской деятельностью.This article is dedicated to the life and work of Professor E. A. Uspensky – doctor of medical sciences, medical service colonel and head of the department of pathological anatomy at N. I. Pirogov Odessa Medical Institute. His life is typical of representatives of the Russian intelligentsia, who have received their higher education in the early years of Soviet government. A graduate of the 1st Moscow University, Uspensky was sent to work in the Lipetsk region. Then, at the Leningrad Institute of Advanced Medical Studies, under the leadership of Professor B. S. Doynikov, he worked on pathomorphology of the central and peripheral nervous system. As a military doctor, Uspensky took part in the Soviet-Finnish War and the Great Patriotic War, which largely determined the direction of his subsequent scientific work. His areas of interest were neuropathology and histoneurology of gunshot wounds. Uspensky’s military medical work was included in the founding publication “Soviet medical experience in the Great Patriotic
War of 1941–1945”, which provided an insightful and comprehensive analysis of the issues of military pathology. After the war, his attention was focused on the study of the morphology of cancer processes in the nervous system and the nature of the morphological changes in it when tumor metastases are present. In the last stage of his career, Uspensky headed the department of pathological anatomy at the Odessa Medical Institute and
was engaged in research and teaching activities
Repeated operations in patients with unsatisfactory results of celiac artery compression syndrome treatment
No full textPurpose of the study. The reasons for the unsatisfactory results of surgical treatment of patients with celiac artery compression syndrome (CACS) and the role of repeated interventions allows to achieve a lasting improvement in most of them. The purpose of the study is to clarify the reasons for the unsatisfactory outcomes of surgical treatment of patients with CACS and the nature and significance of repeated operations.Patients and methods. From 860 patients with CASC who were operated on over the past 25 years 82 patients were selected with unsatisfactory treatment results. Initial conventional abdominal surgery was performed in 26 (31.7%) patients without a positive outcome before decompression of celiac artery (DCA). Primary operations were performed in 82 patients with proven CASC, of which 69 (84.1%) had DCA in open approach, isolated in 43 (52.4%) and combined in 26 (31.7%). Embolization of PDA aneurysm in one (1.2%) patient. In other medical institutions 15 (18.3%) patients were operated, among them 3 (3.7%) patients had DCA in open approach, in 4 (4.9%) laparoscopic DCA, in 6 (7.3%) angioplasty and emergency stenting and two (2.4%) reconstructive operations, all technically and clinically unsuccessful.Results. After DCA in open approach 51 (73.9%) patients of 69 patients had normal celiac artery flow. 4 patients had unresolved stenosis of the celiac artery and 15 relapsed its stenosis, one of them with residual stenosis after DCA twice, which amounted to 0.5% and 1.7%, respectively of 860 patients. Repeated operations were performed in 51 (62.2%) patients out of 82 to restore the celiac artery in 28 (34.2%), among them 4 (4.9%) in combination with interventions on the abdominal organs. Abdominal operations with concomitant diseases of the gastrointestinal tract with normal flow in celiac artery in 21 (25.6%).Scalenotomy in two (2.4%). Of 28 patients, re-revascularization of the celiac artery was successful as a result of open decompression in 7 out of 8, bypass surgery in 9 out of 10 and balloon angioplasty and with stenting in two out of 7. One had an effective primary DCA and the other resected PDA aneurysm. 19 patients out of 25 showed a good result after operations on the abdominal organs.Conclusion. The unsatisfactory results of surgical treatment of patients with CASC are associated with inadequate restoration of celiac artery restenosis and/or concomitant diseases of the abdominal organs. Repeated vascular operations are mainly: decompression of celiac artery in open approach, bypass surgery and balloon angioplasty and stenting, and/or abdominal mainly: cholecystectomy, NissenFP, and Strong surgery are of primary importance in the treatment of patients with CASC
Author Correction: A MHz-repetition-rate hard X-ray free-electron laser driven by a superconducting linear accelerator
No full textA MHz-repetition-rate hard X-ray free-electron laser driven by a superconducting linear accelerator
No full textInternational audienceThe European XFEL is a hard X-ray free-electron laser (FEL) based on a high-electron-energy superconducting linear accelerator. The superconducting technology allows for the acceleration of many electron bunches within one radio-frequency pulse of the accelerating voltage and, in turn, for the generation of a large number of hard X-ray pulses. We report on the performance of the European XFEL accelerator with up to 5,000 electron bunches per second and demonstrating a full energy of 17.5 GeV. Feedback mechanisms enable stabilization of the electron beam delivery at the FEL undulator in space and time. The measured FEL gain curve at 9.3 keV is in good agreement with predictions for saturated FEL radiation. Hard X-ray lasing was achieved between 7 keV and 14 keV with pulse energies of up to 2.0 mJ. Using the high repetition rate, an FEL beam with 6 W average power was created
