1,720,958 research outputs found
Steal-induction after clonidine premedication: a comparison of the oral and nasal route.
No full textInsertion characteristics, sealing pressure and fiberoptic positioning of CobraPLA in children.
No full textCaudal additives for postoperative pain management in children: S(+)-ketamine and neostigmine
No full textBackground: The aim of the present pilot study was to compare the analgesic efficacy of S(+)-ketamine either alone or in combination with neostigmine for caudal blockade in pediatric surgery. Methods: A total of 40 children were randomly assigned to receive after induction of general anesthesia either caudal S(+)-ketamine 1 mg.kg(-1) (group K, n = 20) or caudal S (+)-ketamine 0.5 mg.kg(-1) plus neostigmine 10 mug.kg(-1) (group KN, n = 20). Anesthesia was maintained with sevoflurane and a laryngeal mask airway (LMA(TM)), no additional analgesics were administered. Postoperative pain and sedation were assessed by the Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario Pain Score and Ramsay scale for 24 h. Results: No statistical difference in duration of analgesia and sedation was found. Mean duration of postoperative analgesia was 18 +/- 9.4 h in group K and 21.8 +/- 6.7 h in group KN. There was a significantly higher incidence of postoperative vomiting after administration of caudal ketamine with neostigmine (30% group KN Vs 0% group K; P < 0.05). Conclusions: This pilot study demonstrates equianalgesic effects on postoperative pain relief in children with both caudal S(+)-ketamine 1 mg.kg(-1) and caudal S(+)-ketamine 0.5 mg.kg(-1) plus neostigmine 10 mug.kg(-1). Further studies are required to confirm adoption of caudal neostigmine into routine clinical practice
Moving toward laparoscopic pyloromyotomy: an initial Italian experience and national survey
No full text[No abstract available
Caudal analgesia in children: S(+)-ketamine vs S(+)-ketamine plus clonidine
No full textBackground: The aim of this study was to evaluate postoperative analgesia provided by caudal S(+)-ketamine and S(+)-ketamine plus clonidine without local anesthetic. Methods: Forty-four children aged 1-5 years consecutively scheduled for inguinal hernia repair, hydrocele repair or orchidopexy were randomly assigned to receive a caudal injection of either S(+)-ketamine 1 mg.kg(-1) (group K) or S(+)-ketamine 0.5 mg.kg(-1) plus clonidine 1 mug.kg(-1) (group KC). Postoperative analgesia and sedation were evaluated by CHEOPS and Ramsay scale from emergence from general anesthesia for 24 h. Results: No statistical difference was observed between study groups with respect to pain and sedation assessment. A slight trend toward a reduced requirement for rescue analgesia in group KC was observed, although not statistically significant. Conclusions: Caudal S(+)-ketamine 1 mg.kg(-1) and S(+)-ketamine 0.5 mg.kg(-1) plus clonidine 1 mug.kg(-1) are safe and provide effective postoperative analgesia in children without adverse effects
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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