1,720,968 research outputs found
Il sistema politico italiano : Origini, evoluzione e struttura
No full textIl processo di democratizzazione in Italia è avvenuto con gravi ritardi rispetto a quanto accaduto in altri paesi del mondo occidentale e ha dato luogo a un sistema fragile e squilibrato. Il sistema politico italiano si configura come un complesso istituzionale scarsamente differenziato dagli altri sottosistemi della società, in particolare da un sistema economico a sua volta incapace di strutturarsi secondo le leggi del capitalismo moderno. E ciò ha finito con l’alimentare quella forma di democrazia consociativa tipica del nostro paese. Dall’affermazione del trasformismo all’epoca dello Stato unitario e alla stasi istituzionale che contraddistingue l’attuale fase politica, il libro ricostruisce l’evoluzione di uno stato senza progetto, ancora oggi incapace di liberarsi degli errori del passato
Come cambiano le istituzioni politiche : un approccio sistemico-evolutivo
No full textThe explanation of the institutions has always fallen into a paradox. From an individualistic perspective, consistent with the assumptions of the theory of action, it is difficult to understand how the aggregation of several actions, without normative and social premises for the action itself, can produce complex institutions. In a normative perspective, consistent with the assumptions of the neo-institutionalism approach, which would seem hypothetically more adequate, once we understand what an institution is, it becomes hard to explain its changes and its transformations over time.
In this article we are interested in showing the salience of a systemic-evolutionary approach to explain the emergence of the modern political institutions, that means also the onset of modern politics. As an evolutionary phenomenon, the rise of modern politics is a part of the more general evolutionary process that leads to the affirmation of modern society, that is a type of society characterized by a particular form of functional differentiation, at the origin of the structural separation between the properly “political” power and the economic, social and symbolic-cultural ones. It is this structural differentiation for functions that leads to the birth of modern political power and its own institutions.
A systemic-evolutionary approach allows to overcome the above mentioned paradox, since it is able to hold together both the normative dimension needed for the functioning of the institutions and the dimension of the change needed to understand how institutions are transformed over time. And this perspective can also be useful to understand other very important dynamics, such as the recombination of elements and institutional forms of the past to give life to new institutions at all, and also the identification of some critical junctures, which allow the course of history to take a certain direction when different outcomes were still possible
La logica della società. Uno studio sul problema dell'ordine sociale
No full textIl libro mostra come le scienze sociali contemporanne, facendo loro una lunga tradizione filosofica, concettualizzino la società a partire dall'idea (un vero presupposto ontologico) che essa sia costituita da uomini (come soggetti o attori). In tal modo, però, la società si presenta come una "unitas multiplex" (una antica formulazione), un vero pardosso in cui esse restano impigliate. Il testo dimostra come sia possibile superare questo paradosso
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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