5,068 research outputs found
Protapanteles Gupta, Churi, Sengupta & Mhatre, 2014, n. sp.
No full textProtapanteles spp. (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) Plates. XV (Figs 54−57); XVI (Figs 58−60). Brief diagnosis. Mason (1981) mentioned characters separating it from Cotesia – Smoothness of propodeum and latero distal excavation of female fore tarsi as the key characters. Metasomal second tergum with median tergite, usually subtriangular, narrower in the anterior region than posterior. Propodeum with medium sculpture and rugosity (rugosity lesser in Cotesia and more in Glyptapanteles) without median longitudinal carina. Fore tarsus with apico ventral margin of apical segment excavated, with conspicuous seta. Host. Tarucus balkanicus nigra on the host plant Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. (host of Protapanteles sp.01) and Tarucus callinara on the host plant Ziziphus jujube Mill. (host of Protapanteles sp.02). PLATE X. Charops obtusus obtusus Morley . Figs 35−36. 35 —Habitus. 36 — Mesosoma & first tergite (dorsally). PLATE XI. Tajuria cippus (Fabricius) . Figs 37−41. 37 —Unparasitized caterpillar. 38 —Cocoon of P. regale n. sp. with caterpillar. 39 —Cocoons of A. folia with caterpillars. 40 & 41 —Adults of T. cippus, male. PLATE XII. Brachymeria lasus (Walker) . Figs 42−47. 42 —Habitus. 43 — Anthene lycaenina (Felder) caterpillar. 44. Parasitized pupa (right) of A. lycaenina. 45 —Parasitized caterpillar of A. lycaenina. 46 & 47. Adult butterfly, A. lycaenina. PLATE XIII. Apanteles folia Nixon . Figs 48−51. 48 —Dorsal view. 49 — Mesosoma. 50 —Wings. 51 —Metasoma. PLATE XIV. Rathinda amor (Fabricius) . Figs 52−53. 52 —Caterpillars. 53 —Adult butterfly. PLATE XV. Protapanteles sp.01. Figs 54−57. 54 —Dorsal view. 55 —Wings. 56 — Mesosoma with first mediotergite. 57 —Metasoma. PLATE XVI. Figs 58−60. 58 —Cocoon of Protapanteles sp. 0 1. 59—Caterpillar of Tarucus balkanicus nigra Bethune-Baker. 60 —Adult butterfly, Tarucus b. nigra. PLATE XVII. Figs 61−64. Protapanteles sp. 0 2 . 61—Habitus. 62 —Solitary cocoon. 63 —Caterpillar of Tarucus callinara Butler. 64 —Adult butterfly mating pair of T. callinara. PLATE XVIII. Figs 65−66. Apanteles sp. 65 —Dorsal view, female. 66 —Propodeum with metasoma. 67 —Host caterpillar Jamides celeno (Cramer) with solitary Apanteles cocoon. PLATE XIX. Arhopala amantes Hewitson . Figs 67−72. 67 —Healthy caterpillars. 68 —Parasitized caterpillar. 69 —Pupa. 70. Adult butterfly. 71 —Female adult. 72 —Male adult. PLATE XX. Spindasis vulcanus (Fabricius) . Figs 73−76. 73 —Caterpillar. 74 —Parasitized caterpillar. 75 —Pupa. 76 —Adult butterfly. PLATE XXI. Ovipositors. Figs 77−80. 77 — Parapanteles eros n. sp. 78 — Parapanteles arka n. sp. 79 — Parapanteles esha n. sp. 80 — Parapanteles regale n. sp. TABLE 1. List of the Lycaenidae host species, associated parasitoids, stage of parasitism, nature of cocoon, and associated host plant. S. No. Lycaenid host species Parasitoid species Stage of Nature of Host plant parasitism Cocoon 1. Chilades pandava Parapanteles eros n. larval Solitary Cycas revoluta Thunb. (Cycadaceae) (Horsfield) sp. 2. Curetis thetis (Drury) Parapanteles arka n. Larval Gregarious Millettia (= Pongamia) pinnata sp. (L.) Panigrahi (Fabaceae) 3. Curetis thetis (Drury) Brachymeria lasus Pupal Solitary Millettia (= Pongamia) pinnata (Walker) (Fabaceae) 4. Prosotas dubiosa (Semper) Parapanteles esha n. Larval Solitary Pithecellobium dulce (Fabaceae) sp. 5. Tajuria cippus (Fabricius) Parapanteles regale Larval Solitary Loranthus sp. Jacq. (Loranthaceae) n. sp. 6. Tajuria cippus (Fabricius) Apanteles folia Larval Solitary Dendrophthoe falcata Nixon (L.f.) Ettingsh (Loranthaceae) 7. Tajuria cippus (Fabricius) Charops obtusus Pupal Solitary Loranthus sp. (Loranthaceae) obtusus Morley 8. Anthene lycaenina (Felder) Brachymeria lasus Pupal Solitary Drypetes roxburghii (Euphorbiaceae) (Walker) 9. Rathinda amor (Fabricius) Apanteles folia Larval Solitary Ixora brachiata (Rubiaceae) Nixon 10. Tarucus balkanicus nigra Protapanteles sp. 0 1 Larval Solitary Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. (Rhamnaceae) Bethune-Baker (code: 25113) 11. Tarucus callinara Butler Protapanteles sp. 0 2 Larval Solitary Ziziphus jujuba (code: 10613) Mill. (Rhamnaceae) 12. Jamides celeno (Cramer) Apanteles sp. Larval Solitary Millettia (= Pongamia) pinnata (L.) Panigrahi (Fabaceae) 13. Arhopala amantes Hewitson Apanteles folia Larval Gregarious Lagerstroemia speciosa L. (Lythraceae) Nixon 14. Spindasis vulcanus Apanteles folia Larval Solitary Ziziphus mauritiana Lam. (Rhamnaceae) (Fabricius) Nixon Species Parapanteles eros n. sp. Parapanteles arka Parapanteles esha n. sp. Parapanteles regale n. Parapanteles echeriae n. sp. sp. Gupta et al. Host caterpillar Chilades pandava Curetis thetis Prosotas dubiosa Tajuria cippus Abisara echeria Stoll (Horsfield) Lycaenidae (Drury) Lycaenidae (Semper) Lycaenidae (Fabricius) Lycaenidae Riodinidae Cocoon solitary gregarious solitary solitary gregarious Female body length in Angle between veins 2 Rs Number of costulae in 10 12 11 12 8 scuto-scutellar groove Antenna colour Scape, pedicel and scape distinctly antenna scape brown antenna scape brown scape brownish black, flagellum black yellowish brown in basal 1 / 3 rd, apical apically and ventrally (pedicel dark 1 / 3 rd yellow yellowish brown; pedicel brown yellow brown; flagellar segments brownish black Ratio of 1 r and 2 Rs vein 1.52 2 1 1.52 1.27 of fore wing General body colour Black Black Black Black except Black metasoma mix of yellow brown and black; first and second tergites black T 2 /T 3 (median length) 0.72 subequal 1.18 0.76 0.72 Material examined. Protapanteles sp. 0 1 —One female, INDIA, Maharashtra, Chinchoti, Naigon, 25.i. 2013, coll. Paresh V. Churi, ex. Tarucus balkanicus nigra on the host plant Ziziphus mauritiana Lam., NBAII //Bra/Prot/ sp/ 25113. Protapanteles sp. 0 2 —one female, Madhya Pradesh, Jabalpur, 10.vi. 2013, coll. Ashok Sengupta, ex. Tarucus callinara Butler on the host plant Ziziphus jujube Mill., NBAII //Bra/Prot/sp/ 10613. Remarks. Both the species were different but species identity could not be ascertained as single wasps were reared from their respective hosts.Published as part of Gupta, Ankita, Churi, Paresh V., Sengupta, Ashok & Mhatre, Sarang, 2014, Lycaenidae parasitoids from peninsular India with description of four new species of microgastrine wasps (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) along with new insights on host relationships, pp. 439-470 in Zootaxa 3827 (4) on pages 455-470, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3827.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/25237
An O(n log n) algorithm for finding dissimilar strings
No full textLet be a finite alphabet and . A string is said to be -dissimilar to , if no length substring of is equal to any length substring of . We present an algorithm which on input and an integer outputs an integer and such that:
- is -dissimilar to .
- There does not exist a string of length which is dissimilar to .Technical report LCSR-TR-26
Uniform Bounds on Product Sylvester-Gallai Configurations
No full textIn this work, we explore a non-linear extension of the classical Sylvester-Gallai configuration. Let be an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, and let ℱ = {F_1, …, F_m} ⊂ [x_1, …, x_N] denote a collection of irreducible homogeneous polynomials of degree at most d, where each F_i is not a scalar multiple of any other F_j for i ≠ j. We define ℱ to be a product Sylvester-Gallai configuration if, for any two distinct polynomials F_i, F_j ∈ ℱ, the following condition is satisfied: ∏_{k≠i, j} F_k ∈ rad (F_i, F_j) .
We prove that product Sylvester-Gallai configurations are inherently low dimensional. Specifically, we show that there exists a function λ : ℕ → ℕ, independent of , N, and m, such that any product Sylvester-Gallai configuration must satisfy: dim(span_(ℱ)) ≤ λ(d).
This result generalizes the main theorems from (Shpilka 2019, Peleg and Shpilka 2020, Oliveira and Sengupta 2023), and gets us one step closer to a full derandomization of the polynomial identity testing problem for the class of depth 4 circuits with bounded top and bottom fan-in
U.S. domestic airline tickets are 12 percent cheaper on average when bought online
No full textOne of the Internet’s major influences on our daily lives is in the way that we buy, making shopping much more convenient and bringing greater choice to consumers. But how has online shopping influenced how much we pay? Using data from nearly 1/3 of U.S. domestic airline ticket transactions Anirban Sengupta and Steven N. Wiggins find that buying an airline ticket online is about 12 percent cheaper than buying the same ticket offline
High Economic Growth, Equity and Sustainable Energy Development of India
No full textIndia has been experiencing sustained high economic growth in the recentyears. However, there exists substantial amount of unacceptable poverty among the people in the country. The expressions of symptoms of such poverty include among others inadequate educational and health attainment of the people and lack of access to basic amenities like modern clean energy, safe water and sanitation which are crucial determinants of capability development. There exists in fact significant amount of energy poverty among the people, particularly in the rural India which has more than 70% share of its population, in the form of use of traditional inefficient biomass as the primary fuel with injurious health effect and the lack of connectivity of the households with electricity. The eleventh five year plan of India which has recently been initiated has taken the approach of inclusive faster growth for the development of the Indian economy. This paper analyses the implications of this high inclusive growth in respect of the twin challenges of environmental sustainability of the energy use required by such growth and the removal of energy poverty, which have to be addressed in India's energy planning. The paper defines the concept of sustainable development and points out its resource accounting implications in respect of energy related resource use. It focuses in this context on the instrumental role of the efficiency of energy use and energy supply, fuel composition and technology in determining the strength of the linkage between the GDP growth and the growth of energy use and that between the energy use and the pollution intensity of energy. The paper also defines, on the other hand, the notion of energy poverty and discusses the problem of equity and energy development in a dual society like that of India. It then reviews the past trend and pattern of energy use and the future projections of energy requirement and supply with special reference to the twin issues of equity and environmental sustainability. In this context it makes a decomposition analysis of the past energy use and CO2 emissions in India for examining its environmental sustainability and if economic reforms of India could make any impact on it. It makes further a brief review of the methodologies of projections and policy planning for the future energy sector development in India as existing in the recent literature. Finally, the paper discusses certain selected issues of energy security and macroeconomic viability of such energy development in the background of the sustained steep rise of oil prices and high cost of carbon free new technologies. It concludes by highlighting certain policy issues relating to pricing, technology and institution for the attainability of inclusive growth and particularly for meeting the gaps in such attainment that would possibly remain as per the existing alternative projections for the future. However, this paper does not pay any special attention to the climate change related global policy issues that would affect India and gives priority to the national level issues relating to energy equity and energy related environmental sustainability of Indian development.
Graph Reconstruction from Random Subgraphs
No full textWe consider the problem of reconstructing a graph G in two natural sampling models: 1) each sample corresponds to a random induced subgraph and 2) for a fixed adjacency matrix A_G for G, each sample corresponds to a random principal submatrix (i.e., a submatrix formed by deleting the same set of rows and columns) of A_G. We refer to these models as the "unordered" and "ordered" models respectively. The two models are motivated by work on the reconstruction conjecture in combinatorics and trace reconstruction in theoretical computer science. Despite the superficial similarities between the models, we show that the sample complexity of reconstruction can be exponentially different. Our main results are as follows:
- In the unordered model, we show that almost all graphs can be reconstructed with Θ(p^{-2} log n) samples if each node is included in the random subgraph with any constant probability p; this is optimal. We show our upper bound extends to smaller values of p as well. In contrast, for arbitrary graphs, we show that exp(Ω(n)) samples are required for reconstruction even for 2-regular graphs. One of the key technical steps in the first result is showing that, with high probability, any subgraph isomorphism in a random graph has at most O(log n) non-fixed points.
- In the ordered model, we show that any graph with constant arboricity or degeneracy (i.e., every induced subgraph has constant average degree) can be reconstructed with exp(Õ(n^{1/3})) samples and that arbitrary graphs can be reconstructed with exp(Õ(n^{1/2})) samples. The results about almost all graphs in the first model carry over to the second. One of the key technical steps in the first result is showing that reconstruction of low degeneracy graphs can be reduced to learning a small number of moments of sets of the form {i-j: j < i,(i,j) ∈ E} and {j-i: i < j,(i,j) ∈ E} where G = ([n],E) is the unknown graph
Assessment of dopaminergic neuron degeneration in a C. elegans model of Parkinson's disease
No full textTransgenic Caenorhabditis elegans that expresses the full-length wild-type human α-synuclein in dopaminergic neurons provides a well-established Parkinson's disease (PD) nematode model. Here, we present a detailed protocol to monitor and dissect the molecular underpinnings of age-associated neurodegeneration using this PD nematode model. This protocol includes preparation of nematode growth media and bacterial food sources, as well as procedures for nematode growth, synchronization, and treatment. We then describe procedures to assess dopaminergic neuronal death in vivo using fluorescence imaging. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to SenGupta et al. (2021). © 2022 The Author(s
Replicating and extending Sengupta et al. (2023): Contact predicts no within-person longitudinal outgroup-bias change
No full textIntergroup contact has long been touted as a premier means to reduce prejudice and forge positive bonds with outgroups. Given its origins in psychological research, it is perhaps of little surprise that contact is expected to induce change within people over time. Yet using random-intercepts crossed-lagged modeling that parses within-person from between-person effects, Sengupta et al. (2023) recently found no evidence of within-person change, only unexplained between-person effects, regarding contact’s effects on outgroup solidarity in New Zealand. We conceptually replicated their study, focusing on modern racism and an affect thermometer as the outcomes, in a three-wave study of White British participants (N T1 = 946, N T2 = 667, N T3 = 591) and their attitudes toward foreigners. We replicated the general pattern described by Sengupta and colleagues, confirming between-person effects without within-person effects, suggestive of third-variable explanations. As a novel finding, we discover that differences in social dominance orientation (SDO) and right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) can account for the observed between-person effects. Problematically for contact theory, contact effects, at least those relying on self-reported accounts, increasingly appear to reflect differences between people (person factors) rather than being context-driven (situation factors)—such that those lower (vs. higher) in SDO and RWA are more favorable toward outgroups, rather than intergroup contact bringing about positive outcomes itself. Implications for theory development and intervention are discussed
Non-linear instability analysis of the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equation: The Taylor-Green vortex problem
No full textAn enstrophy-based non-linear instability analysis of the Navier-Stokes equation for two-dimensional (2D) flows is presented here, using the Taylor-Green vortex (TGV) problem as an example. This problem admits a time-dependent analytical solution as the base flow, whose instability is traced here. The numerical study of the evolution of the Taylor-Green vortices shows that the flow becomes turbulent, but an explanation for this transition has not been advanced so far. The deviation of the numerical solution from the analytical solution is studied here using a high accuracy compact scheme on a non-uniform grid (NUC6), with the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method. The stream function-vorticity (ψ, ω) formulation of the governing equations is solved here in a periodic square domain with four vortices at t = 0. Simulations performed at different Reynolds numbers reveal that numerical errors in computations induce a breakdown of symmetry and simultaneous fragmentation of vortices. It is shown that the actual physical instability is triggered by the growth of disturbances and is explained by the evolution of disturbance mechanical energy and enstrophy. The disturbance evolution equations have been traced by looking at (a) disturbance mechanical energy of the Navier-Stokes equation, as described in the work of Sengupta et al., "Vortex-induced instability of an incompressible wall-bounded shear layer," J. Fluid Mech. 493, 277-286 (2003), and (b) the creation of rotationality via the enstrophy transport equation in the work of Sengupta et al., "Diffusion in inhomogeneous flows: Unique equilibrium state in an internal flow," Comput. Fluids 88, 440-451 (2013)
White noise analysis on a new space of Hida distributions
No full textLet {a(n); n ≥ 0} be a sequence of positive numbers satisfying certain conditions. A Gel\u27fand triple [ε]a ⊂ L2(ε′) C [ε]*a associated with the sequence {a(n); n ≥ 0} has been introduced on a white noise space (ε′, μ) by Cochran, Kuo and Sengupta. In this paper we obtain additional conditions on the sequence {a(n); n ≥ 0} in order to carry out white noise distribution theory on the space (ε′, μ). Moreover, we show that the Bell numbers satisfy these additional conditions
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