1,720,990 research outputs found
Comprehending digital disparities in Africa
No full textExperiences from various locations in several sub-Saharan African countries have been carefully selected in this collection with the aim of providing an updated account on the digital divide and its impact in Africa
Regionalizing Journalism
No full textThis opening chapter provides some insights on our understanding insofar as our understanding on what constitutes journalism in the Global South is concerned. We critique this focus area of journalism research by identifying the challenges and opportunities it presents. We also look at key concepts and debates dominating studies and developments in journalism scholarship in non-Western settings. We also identify areas we think will be of interest for practitioners and researchers interested in studying journalism in the Global South. Finally, we identify reasons why we think this companion is important and why specifically now
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Bridging the Digital Gap in Sub-Saharan Africa A Critical Analysis of Illiteracy and Language Divide
No full textThis chapter advances the debate on the social aspect of digital divide in Africa, by focusing specifically on literacy and language as fundamental barriers to digital inclusion in Sierra Leone. The chapter addresses two questions: (i) how do illiteracy and language barriers influence the access and effective use of digital technology such as mobiles and mobile Internet in Africa, and (ii) how do marginalised individuals, with limited language and literacy skills, overcome these social barriers of the digital divide? The author builds on ethnographic data collected through mixed methods from rural and urban communities to address these questions. The analysis shows that high illiteracy and language barriers increase the digital gap among the marginalised, not because they do not have access to the technology, but because they lack the required basic literacy and language skills to make timely, independent ownership decisions and effective use. Further analysis of the data using Everett Rogers' diffusion of innovation model, indicates that some marginalised individuals negotiate language and literacy barriers of the digital divide through social networks of family and friends. The results imply that an individual level of adoption depends on the condition(s) under which the process occurs within one's personal networks
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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