1,721,077 research outputs found
A review for effect of bioalcohols on engine performance and exhaust emissions in internal combustion engines
Full text linkDünya’da sanayileşmenin ve enerji talebinin artması ile petrol kökenli yakıtlara olan talepte ciddi bir artış olmuştur. Petrol kökenli yakıtlar, sınırlı rezervlere sahip olup dünya üzerinde düzensiz bir şekilde yataklanmıştır. Bu durum, petrol kökenli yakıt rezervine sahip olmayan ülkeleri petrol ithalatı yapmaya zorlamıştır. Bu yüzden, ülkeler enerji talebini karşılamak için alternatif enerji kaynaklarına yönelmişlerdir. Alternatif enerji kaynağı olarak birçok yakıt olsa da, hiçbir yakıt tek başına bir yakıttan beklentileri karşılamada yeterli değildir. Ancak bir yakıt için düşük sıcaklıkta oksitlenme ve işlenebilme konusunda tatmin edici performans sağlanabilir. Oksitlenebilir ve biyo kökenli olduğu için biyoalkoller ilgi çekici bir yakıttır ve içten yanmalı motorlarda emisyonları azaltma potansiyeline sahiptir. Ayrıca yanma sonucunda hemen hemen hiç kurum oluşturmamaktadır. Bu derleme çalışmasında içten yanmalı motorlarda biyoalkol kullanımı ile motor performansı ve egzoz emisyonlarındaki değişim incelenmiştir.There is an increase in the demand for petroleum-based fuels with increase of industrialization and energy demand in the world. Petroleum-based fuels are limited reserves and are distributed irregularly throughout the world. This has forced countries, which don’t have oil-based fuel reserves, to import oil and thus encounter energy / foreign exchange problems. So, countries have turned to alternative energy sources to supply energy demand. Although there are many fuels as an alternative energy source, no fuel is alone sufficient to supply expectations from a fuel. However, satisfactory performance can be achieved for oxidation and processing at low temperature for a fuel. Because of oxidizable and being bio-based, bio alcohols are an interesting fuel and have the potential to reduce emissions in internal combustion engines. Also, no soot almost is formed as a result of burning. In this review study, when using of bioalcohol in internal combustion engines, variations of engine performance and exhaust emissions have been investigated
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
The search of effect using lpg and gasoline on the vehicle performance in MPI injection system
Full text linkBu yapılan çalışmada, şasi dinamometresi ile, çok noktadan benzin enjeksiyonlu yakıt sistemine sahip bir araca, çok noktadan LPG enjeksiyonlu yakıt sistemi montajı yapılmış ve her iki yakıt türünde; motor gücü, tahrik yapılan tekerleklere gelen faydalı güç, aktarma organlarındaki kayıplar, takometre değerleri ölçülmüş, ayrıca emisyon değerleri de gaz analizör cihazı ile ölçülerek, her iki yakıt türünün taşıt performansı ve emisyon değerleri üzerine etkileri araştırılmıştır.In this study, a multi point LPG fuel system has been installed to a vehicle with multi point gasoline injection system, and the engine power, the useful power transmitted to the wheels that are driven by the engine, the losses in the power train and the tachometer values have been measured using a vehicle dynamometer; in addition, the emission values have been measured using a gas analyzer and the effects of both fuels on the vehicle performance and emission values have been studied
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