170,487 research outputs found
Urinary estrogen metabolites and prostate cancer : a case-control study and meta-analysis
No full textObjective: To investigate prostate cancer (Pca) risk in relation to estrogen metabolism, expressed as urinary 2-hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1), 16α-hydroxyestrone (16α-OHE1) and 2-OHE1 to 16α-OHE1 ratio.
Methods: We conducted a case-control study within the Western New York Health Cohort Study (WNYHCS) from 1996 to 2001. From January 2003 through September 2004, we completed the re-call and follow-up of 1092 cohort participants. Cases (n = 26) and controls (n = 110) were matched on age, race and recruitment period according to a 1:4 ratio. We used the unconditional logistic regression to compute crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) and 95% confident interval (CI) of Pca in relation to 2-OHE1, 16αOHE1 and 2-OHE1 to 16α-OHE1 by tertiles of urine concentrations (stored in a biorepository for an average of 4 years). We identified age, race, education and body mass index as covariates. We also conducted a systematic review of the literature which revealed no additional studies, but we pooled the results from this study with those from a previously conducted case-control study using the DerSimonian-Laird random effects method.
Results: We observed a non-significant risk reduction in the highest tertile of 2-OHE1 (OR 0.72, 95% CI 0.25-2.10). Conversely, the odds in the highest tertile of 16α-OHE1 showed a non-significant risk increase (OR 1.76 95% CI 0.62-4.98). There was a suggestion of reduced Pca risk for men in the highest tertile of 2-OHE1 to 16α-OHE1 ratio (OR 0.56, 95% CI 0.19-1.68). The pooled estimates confirmed the association between an increased Pca risk and higher urinary levels of 16α-OHE1 (third vs. first tertile: OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.09-3.05) and the protective effect of a higher 2-OHE 1 to 16α-OHE1 ratio (third vs. first tertile: OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.31-0.90).
Conclusion: Our study and the pooled results provide evidence for a differential role of the estrogen hydroxylation pathway in Pca development and encourage further study
CD14 C (-260)T polymorphism, atherosclerosis, elderly: Role of cytokines and metallothioneins.
No full textBackground: CD14 receptor is a mediator of the inflammatory response to bacterial products. A functional polymorphism in the promoter of the CD14 gene (CD14 C-260T) was associated with coronary heart disease and atherosclerosis albeit with conflicting data. Methods: To better clarify the role of CD14 in atherosclerosis, we typed CD14 C-260T polymorphism in old Italian (Central of Italy) atherosclerotic patients with carotid stenosis related to lipid assessment, inflammation (soluble CD14, IL-6 serum levels) and IL-6, TNF-α, IL-10, Metallothioneins (MT) gene expressions in carotid plaques. Results: There was an increased frequency of TT homozygotes in patients when compared to controls [26% vs. 13.5%, odds ratio = 2.25 (95% C.I., 1.23-4.09, p = 0.0082) (Fisher''s Exact test)]. Subjects with TT genotype showed a significant increase of soluble CD14 and enhanced MT2A, IL-6, TNF-α and decreased IL-10 gene expressions within the carotid plaques. On the basis of lipid assessment, hypercholesterolemic -260TT CD14 patients displayed lower HDL cholesterol and higher triglyceride than did CT and CC carriers. Using Pearson''s correlation, a high MT2A expression was associated with high IL-6, TNF-alpha, sCD14 and thereby with severe chronic inflammation. Conclusions: These data provide insight into the pathogenetic role of the CD14 C-260T polymorphism in atherosclerosis as -260TT genotype may favour increased inflammation in atheroma promoting possible worsening atherosclerosis, at least in Central of Italy elderly population. Further studies are in progress in cohorts from different European geographic area (Zincage project)
Le conflittualità indotte dalla funzione turistica in un bacino lacuale: il caso del lago di Como
No full textIl tema della conflittualità è centrale in sistemi antropogeografici complessi come quelli lacuali. In ambito turistico le conflittualità possono sussistere fra diverse tipologie di turisti; fra turisti e abitanti del luogo; fra abitanti del luogo ed istituzioni; fra istituzioni. Il rischio di una privatizzazione dell’organizzazione e della pianificazione del territorio è concreto. La soluzione è complessa e non può prescindere da una gestione integrata del sistema turistico territoriale che coinvolga a pieno titolo anche la popolazione locale
Muti-type Aircraft of Remote Sensing Images: MTARSI
No full text<p>MTARSI has a total of 2200 remote sensing images acquired from Google Earth satellite imagery and manually expanded, including 11 different types of aircraft. These 11 categories are: Boeing passenger aircraft, F-22 fighter aircraft, B-1 bombers, B-2 bomber, B-52 bomber, C-5 transporter, C-17 transporter, C-130 transporter, KC-135 tanker, KC-10 tanker, and E-3 early warning aircraft. There are 200 images for each type.</p>
Enriching Hate-Tuned Transformer-Based Embeddings with Emotions for the Categorization of Sexism
No full textWe present the results of the participation of our team Unibo in the shared task sEXism Identification in Social neTworks (EXIST). We target all three tasks: a) binary sexism identification, b) discerning the author’s intention, and c) categorizing instances into fine-grained categories. For all the tasks, both English and Spanish data are to be considered. We compare two approaches to address this multilingual aspect: we employ machine translation to convert the Spanish data into English, allowing us to utilize a specially fine-tuned version of RoBERTa to detect hateful content, and we experiment with a multilingual version of RoBERTa to perform classification while preserving data in their original language. Furthermore, we predict emotions associated with each post and leverage them as additional features by concatenating them with the original text. This augmentation improves the performance of our models in Task 2 and 3. Our official submissions obtain F1=0.77 in Task 1 (13th position out of 69), macro-averaged F1=0.53 in Task 2 (4th position out of 35) and macro-averaged F1=0.59 in Task 3 (4th position out of 32)
UniBO @ AMI: A Multi-Class Approach to Misogyny and Aggressiveness Identification on Twitter Posts Using AlBERTo
No full textWe describe our participation in the EVALITA 2020 (Basile et al., 2020) shared task on Automatic Misogyny Identification. We focus on task A —Misogyny and Aggressive Behaviour Identification— which aims at detecting whether a tweet in Italian is misogynous and, if so, whether it is aggressive. Rather than building two different models, one for misogyny and one for aggressiveness identification, we handle the problem as one single multi-label classification task, considering three classes: non-misogynous, non-aggressive misogynous, and aggressive misogynous. Our three-class supervised model, built on top of AlBERTo, obtains an overall F1 score of 0.7438 on the task test set (F1 = 0.8102 for the misogyny and F1 = 0.6774 for the aggressiveness task), which outperforms the top submitted model (F1 = 0.7406)
Fra memoria e heritage: la spazializzazione del passato in Terra santa (e la scoperta dello spazio sociale di Maurice Halbwachs)
No full textIl contributo riflette sulla relazione fra heritage e memoria a partire dagli studi di Halbwachs sulla
memoria collettiva. Il tema della memoria occupa una posizione piuttosto marginale negli studi sul patrimonio, le
due nozioni tendono talvolta a sovrapporsi o a coincidere, e la memoria finisce per essere data per scontata. L’articolo:
a) illustra le geografie della memoria collettiva negli studi pionieri di Halbwachs, che riconosce allo spazio socializzato
un’importanza fondamentale nella produzione e nel consolidamento delle memorie e delle identità sociali; b) approfondisce
la spazializzazione della memoria in Terra santa, rileggendo una memoria di viaggio familiare alla luce degli studi di
Halbwachs sulla produzione storica dei Luoghi santi in Palestina e a Gerusalemme: c) offre alcune considerazioni finali
sul rapporto per nulla lineare fra heritage e memoria, sostenendo che le porzioni di “memoria collettiva” che un certo
gruppo sociale in un certo momento storico distilla come particolarmente significative per la propria identità di gruppo,
ne costituiscono il “patrimonio” che per ciò stesso viene rappresentato come prova della propria esistenza e originalità
Sexualization and female objectification in images posted on Instagram: The role of influencers
No full textIl presente studio si è posto l’obiettivo di esplorare il fenomeno della sessualizzazione in Instagram. In particolare, è stato misurato il livello di sessualizzazione delle immagini postate (aprile-maggio 2018) da 7 top influencer internazionali. Per classificare le immagini è stata utilizzata la scala di Hatton e Trautner (2011). I punteggi espressi da tre giudici indipendenti (l’accordo tra loro è stato valutato mediante l’indice multivariato iota) hanno permesso di classificare le foto analizzate in: non-sessualizzate, sessualizzate, iper-sessualizzate. I risultati evidenziano che la categoria di foto maggiormente condivise dalle influencer appartiene alla tipologia di immagini sessualizzate in linea con precedenti studi condotti su giornali e TV
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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