1,720,963 research outputs found
Effect of Climate Change and Extreme Weather Events on the Thermal Conditions of Canadian Multi-unit Residential Buildings
No full textBuildings designed and built in cold climates, such as Canada, are typically optimized for minimizing heating energy demand, however, with climate
change, these buildings may experience increased cooling energy demand and overheating risk during the summer. This paper presents the evaluation of the
effect of climate change on the thermal conditions of multi-unit residential buildings that meet the current energy code and Passive House (PH)
requirements under historical weather year, future horizon years and extreme warm conditions (heat wave) through simulations. A wood-frame mid-rise
and a pour-in-place concrete high-rise multi unit residential building are selected as case study buildings
Effect of Climate Change on the Energy Performance and Thermal Conditions of a Single-family Detached House in Canada
No full textThe Earth is already suffering some of the effects of climate change, such as rising temperature, more frequent storms, and increased precipitation, etc.
Canada seeks to reduce the greenhouse gases emission by a consistent improvement in energy efficiency of buildings from current building code to net-zero
energy ready buildings by 2030. These measures will significantly reduce the energy consumption of buildings. However, with the changing climate how these
buildings designed based on historical weather data would perform under future climates. This paper attempts to answer this question by investigating the
effect of climate change on the energy demand and overheating risk in a single-family detached house with different energy efficiency levels, i.e. NECB that
meets current National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings (NECB), and passive house (PH) that meets the PH requirements. Two climate zones in
Canada are simulated, i.e. zone 4 (Vancouver); and zone 6 (Montreal). RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 emission scenarios are used to generate future climate for
2030, 2060 and 2090 horizon year. The simulation results showed that for both NECB and PH cases and under different climate zones, heating energy
demand would be reduced by 5-48% by 2090, while the cooling energy demand as a percentage of the total energy demand would be increased from 0%
under historical weather up to 60% by 2090. The climate change affects the PH case more than the NECB case and under zone 6 more than zone 4.
The overheating hours would be increased by 27-43% for the NECB case, 44-50% for the PH case, respectively, under predicted 2090 weather conditions
without natural ventilation. With the implementation of mitigation strategies such as natural ventilation, the overheating hours under future climate would
be reduced to 7% of the summer time for Vancouver and to 21% of the summer time for Montreal. In conclusion, buildings designed based on historical
weather data would perform differently under the changing future climates, thus the efforts should be made to design buildings that would be adaptable to
climate change
Effect of climate change on the annual energy consumption of a single family house in British Columbia
No full textThe Earth is already experiencing some of the effects of climate change, such as rising temperature, more frequent storms, increased precipitation, etc. This paper investigates the effect of climate change on the energy consumption of a single-family house with different energy efficiency levels, i.e. bylaw to meet current National Energy Code of Canada for Buildings (NECB), and passive house (PH) to meet the PH requirements under four climate zones in British Columbia, Canada. SRES A2, RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 emission scenarios are used to generate future climate for 2020, 2050, and 2080. The simulation results show that for both bylaw and PH cases, heating energy consumption will be reduced while cooling energy consumption will be increased, as a result for bylaw case, the energy consumption will be decreased for four climate zones, while for PH case, the energy consumption will be increased for zone 4 & 5 and decreased for zone 6 & 7. In climate zone 5, the building fails to meet the PH requirements during 2050. Therefore, buildings designed based on historical weather data will perform differently under the changing future climates, thus the efforts should be made to design buildings that are adaptable to climate change
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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