1,720,995 research outputs found
sj-docx-1-qjp-10.1177_17470218231207336 – Supplemental material for Exploring the role of disgust in hands and feet laterality judgement tasks
No full textSupplemental material, sj-docx-1-qjp-10.1177_17470218231207336 for Exploring the role of disgust in hands and feet laterality judgement tasks by Federico Brusa, Mustafa Suphi Erden and Anna Sedda in Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology</p
Six-legged walking machine: The robot-EA308
No full textThe work presented in this thesis aims to make contribution to the understanding and application of six-legged statically stable walking machines in both theoretical and practical levels. In this thesis five pieces of work, performed with and for the three-joint six-legged Robot-EA308, are presented: 1) Standard gaits, which include the well-known wave gaits, are defined and a stability analysis, in the sense of static stable walking, is performed on an analytical level. Various definitions are given; theorems are stated and proved. 2) A free gait generation algorithm with reinforcement learning is developed. Its facilities of stability improvement, smooth speed changes, and adaptation in case of a rear-leg deficiency with learning of five-legged walking are experimented in real-time on the Robot-EA308. 3) Trajectory optimization and controller design is performed for the protraction movement of a three-joint leg. The trajectory generated by the controller is demonstrated with the Robot-EA308. 4) The full kinematic-dynamic formulation of a three-joint six-legged robot is performed with the joint-torques being the primary variables. It is demonstrated that the proposed torque distribution scheme, rather than the conventional force distribution, results in an efficient distribution of required forces and moments to the supporting legs. 5) An analysis of energy efficiency is performed for wave gaits. The established strategies for determination of gait parameters for an efficient walk are justified using the Robot-EA308
Perceiving an emotionally charged body
No full textThe mental representations of the body in action can be explored by motor imagery (MI) tasks (Scarpina et al., 2019). As an example of extensively used MI tasks, we can list the hand laterality task (Parsons, 1987) and the foot laterality task (Curtze, Otten, & Postema, 2010), in which individuals are asked to judge if a visual stimulus represents the left or the right limb. The tasks are solved by the use of implicit motor strategy, such as imagine rotating the position of the real hand to match that of the visual hand. In the literature, there is a gap in terms of comparison between MI ability of hands and feet. Moreover, others factor, which could have a link with MI abilities, such as emotion (i.e. disgust) (Haidt, McCauley, & Rozin, 1994) and interoceptive body awareness (Mehling, Acree, Stewart, Silas, & Jones, 2018; Mehling et al., 2012), are usually not considered.
The study aims at exploring differences between feet and hands in mental motor imagery skills, considering also how emotions of disgust and interoceptive body awareness can affect our ability to mentally rotate body parts
THE WEIGHT OF BODY AWARENESS IN DIFFERENT BODY DISTRICTS
No full textThe mental representations of the body in action can be explored using motor imagery (MI) tasks (Scarpina et al., 2019). MI tasks can be allocated along a continuum, going from more implicit to more explicit tasks. More implicit and more explicit refers to the different levels of awareness required to execute the task (Longo, 2015; Scarpina et al., 2019). An example of a more implicit task is provided by the laterality judgement tasks, such as the hand laterality task (Parsons, 1987) and the foot laterality task (Curtze, Otten, & Postema, 2010), in which individuals are asked to judge if a visual stimulus represents a left or a right limb. The tasks are solved using implicit motor strategy, that is the imagery of rotating the position of the real hand to match the visual hand. On the other hand, an example of a more explicit task is provided by the mental motor chronometry task (Schwoebel & Coslett, 2005; Sirigu et al., 1996), where individuals are asked to perform or to imagine performing movements with their limbs. However, in the literature, there is a gap in terms of comparison between MI ability of hands and feet, especially when body awareness (more implicit VS more explicit MI tasks) is taken into account. Similarly, we do not know the impact of perceiving our own body status, which can be defined as a conscious representation of our interoceptive states (Mehling, Acree, Stewart, Silas, & Jones, 2018; Mehling et al., 2012)
INFLUENCE OF THE SOMATIC RUBBER HAND ILLUSION ON MAXIMUM GRIP APERTURE
No full textThe incorporation of an external body object with visual feedback, such as in the rubber hand illusion (RHI) (classic RHI – vision involved), is known to affect the planning of the movement of the limb where the object is incorporated (movement planning). This is usually considered to happen due to a change in body ownership. However, it is also known that change in body ownership might occur without visual feedback. It is yet not known whether change in motion planning still happens if the change in body ownership occurs without visual feedback. In other words, we are interested in whether a change in body ownership, in the absence of a visual feedback, still results in a change in motion planning. This investigation is important because it would first clarify the role and significance of the visual feedback provided by the sight of the rubber hand in previous studies and would perhaps explain the differences in findings of different studies. In this study we use the RHI paradigm to test whether a change in motion planning can still be observed in the absence of visual feedback. Hence, we incorporate the rubber hand through proprioceptive and tactile feedback only (somatic RHI) without any visual feedback. We hypothesize that when the incorporation of the rubber hand occurs because of proprioceptive and tactile information only, this is sufficient to generate changes in motion planning. Our study explores this by measuring hand movements (changes in maximum Grip Aperture, maximum GA) and associated brain activations within the dorsal stream (near-infrared spectroscopy). Thirty-two healthy individuals performed grasping actions towards a target before and after a somatic RHI. The exposure to the somatic RHI results in a change in body ownership which can be observed in the form of a sensory uncertainty in the movements of the participant’s hand. We will capture a sensory uncertainty in the movement with registering a reduced maximum GA. If the somatic RHI affects grasping planning, we also expect a corresponding change in the brain activation within the dorsal stream where movement planning occurs. Monitoring the brain changes within the dorsal stream will inform us of the change in pattern of brain activation if a change in motion planning occurs. Our findings show that the incorporation of an external body object through touch has no effect on maximum GA. The embodiment of a rubber hand based on tactile and proprioceptive information only partially affected brain activation. We observed a partial deactivation (trend) in the right supplementary motor area following the somatic RHI. Overall, our behavioural and neuroimaging data do not support an effect on maximum GA when the incorporation of a rubber hand is based on proprioceptive and tactile information only. This implies the critical role of the visual input provided by the sight of the rubber hand in the results of previous studies.
Please find attached the database in the "Files" sectio
Manual Welding with Robotic Assistance Compared to Conventional Manual Welding
No full textThis paper demonstrates the effectiveness of impedance compensation type robotic assistance, presented in a previous work, by comparing manual welding with robotic assistance to conventional manual welding without a robot. The novelty of the current paper is comparison of two sets of data that were published in separate studies, but were not yet compared to each other. One of these previous studies had demonstrated the effectiveness of the robotic assistance in comparison to welding with the robot interactively while the assistance-scheme was off, but not to the case of conventional manual welding as applied every-day in workshops without a robot. The other previous work had collecting welding data with a motion capture system while conventional manual welding in order to demonstrate the differences between novice and professional welders. The comparison presented in the current paper demonstrates that the robotic assistance significantly improves the performance of novice welders in comparison to conventional welding without a robot, whereas the performance of the professional welders remains almost constant across conventional welding and with robotic assistance. The results of this paper show the effectiveness of physically interactive robotic assistance technology to improve the performance of novice welders in the every-day industrial task of manual welding
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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