32 research outputs found
Stresses at the Intersection of Sphere and Cylinder by a Variant Finite-Difference Method
No full textThe aim of this paper is the determination of stresses at the intersection of cylinder with the sphere using a variant finite-difference technique. Mesh lines are drawn on the cross section of the body which are roughly parallel and perpendicular to the boundary, and which the author calls natural meshes. Discretization of the governing differential equations must be carried out to reduce the continuous problem to a discrete problem, this discretization converts the problem into a set of linear simultaneous equations for the functions under consideration at a set of mesh points. The derivatives to be inserted in the governing equations and boundary conditions are found by writing Taylor series expansions at a point in terms of five neighboring points in the case where the point is an internal point (four for a boundary point). By an elimination process the derivatives can be eliminated for each point, and we are left with the unknown functions only.</jats:p
Large-Eddy Simulation of a Hydrocyclone with an Air Core Using Two-Fluid and Volume-of-Fluid Models
No full textLarge-eddy simulations have been conducted for two-phase flow (water and air) in a hydrocyclone using Two-Fluid (Euler–Euler) and Volume-of-Fluid (VOF) models. Subgrid stresses are modeled using a dynamic eddy–viscosity model, and results are compared to those using the Smagorinsky model. The effects of grid resolutions on the mean flow and turbulence statistics have been thoroughly investigated. Five block-structured grids of 0.72, 1.47, 2.4, 3.81, and 7.38 million elements have been used for the simulations of Hsieh’s 75 mm hydrocyclone Mean velocity profiles and normal Reynolds stresses have been compared with experimental data. Results of the two-fluid model are in good agreement with those of the VOF model. A fine mesh in the axial and radial directions is necessary for capturing the turbulent vortical structure. Turbulence structures in the hydrocyclone are dominated by helical vortices around the air core. Energy spectra are analyzed at different points in the hydrocyclone, and regions of low turbulent kinetic energy are identified and attributed to stabilizing effects of the swirling velocity component
Two-Fluid Large-Eddy Simulation of Two-Phase Flow in Air-Sparged Hydrocyclone
No full textThe two-fluid (Euler–Euler) model and large-eddy simulation are used to compute the turbulent two-phase flow of air and water in a cyclonic flotation device known as an Air-Sparged Hydrocyclone (ASH). In the operation of ASH, air is injected through a porous cylindrical wall. The study considers a 48 mm diameter hydrocyclone and uses a block-structured fine mesh of 10.5 million hexagonal elements. The air-to-water injection ratio is 4, and a uniform air bubble diameter of 0.5 mm is specified. The flow field in ASH was investigated for the inlet flow rate of water of 30.6 L/min at different values of underflow exit pressure. The current simulations quantify the effects of the underflow exit pressure on the split ratio and the overall flow physics in ASH, including the distribution of the air volume fraction, water axial velocity, tangential velocity, and swirling-layer thickness. The loci of zero-axial velocity surfaces were determined for different exit pressures. The water split ratio through the overflow opening varies with underflow exit pressure as 6%, 8%, 16%, and 26% for 3, 4, 5, and 6 kPa, respectively. These results indicate that regulating the pressure at the underflow exit can be used to optimize the ASH’s performance. Turbulent energy spectra in different regions of the hydrocyclone were analyzed. Small-scale turbulence spectra at near-wall points exhibit f−4 law, where f is frequency. Whereas for points at the air-column interface, the energy spectra show an inertial subrange f−5/3 followed by a dissipative range of f−7 law
EXTENT OF HEPATOTOXICITY OF ANTI-TUBERCULOSIS DRUGS USED IN PAKISTAN: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY
No full textIntroduction: Tuberculosis is an infectious disease with high rates of infection and mortality throughout the world, but its spread is greater in developing countries, and its control is difficult. It is known that the most common side reaction of drug treatment for tuberculosis is hepatotoxicity resulting from the drugs, which negatively affects adherence to treatment as a result of patients not continuing to use it.
Objective:This study aimed to determine the extent of hepatotoxicity as a result of drug treatment for tuberculosis.
Methods: The study is a cross-sectional study conducted on TB patients undergoing TB treatment in a general hospital in Islamabad, Pakistan. A data collection form was used to obtain demographic and treatment data. The hepatotoxicity of TB drug therapy was evaluated by performing liver function tests (LFTs).Study duration was of 4 months.
Results: The study showed that out of 100 tuberculosis patients, 55 patients were hepatotoxic. Hepatotoxic population includes 26% males and 29% females including almost 10% children either male or female. The maximun hepatotoxicity was observed in the patients undergoing combination therapy. Around 3-5 % patients showed that the Serum-GlutamicPyruvic-Transaminase (SGPT) values more than 2 times of their normal values. While other 50% showed hepatotoxicity 1-2 times of their normal values. Most of the patients found were in the age group ranging from 35-60 years. The main drugs used in tuberculosis treatment were: Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Pyrazinamide, Ethambutal.
Conclusion:The rate of hepatotoxicity in TB patients on anti-TB treatment was high. The current study concluded that the more we move towards a greater number of drugs in combination, the greater the extent and chance of hepatotoxicity. The combination of three anti-tuberculosis drugs (isoniazid, rifampicin, and pyrazinamide) resulted in maximum hepatotoxicity.
Peer Review History:
Received: 9 August 2023; Revised: 10 September; Accepted: 29 October; Available online: 15 November 2023
Academic Editor: Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, [email protected]
Reviewers:
Dr. Owanaro Peter, Nigeria, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Niger Delta University, Wilberforce Island, Bayelsa State, Nigeria. [email protected]
Prof. Hassan A.H. Al-Shamahy, Sana'a University, Yemen, [email protected]
Dr. Sheikh Abdul Khaliq, Department of Pharmacy Practice, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hamdard University, Karachi, Pakistan, [email protected]
IN-VITRO ANTICOAGULANT EFFECT OF AERIAL PARTS EXTRACTS OF YEMENI FAGONIA SCHWEINFURTHII HADIDI
No full textBackground: Blood coagulation is a quick and effective process that results in the creation of clots, which demands to monitor. Many illness disorders include an abnormality in blood coagulation. This study examined the in vitro effects of methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts from aerial parts of Fagonia schweinfurthii Hadidi on healthy human volunteers' blood coagulation. 
Methods: The Secondary metabolites were extracted from dried and crushed F. schweinfurthii aerial parts using n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and methanol, respectively. Additionally, the extracts were tested in vitro at different concentrations (10-100 µg/ml) on the blood coagulation profile, prothrombin time (PT), and activated partial thromboplastin time (a PTT) of apparently healthy human volunteers.
Results: Methanol, ethyl acetate, and n-hexane extracts of F. schweinfurthii aerial parts significantly (p˃0.05) prolonged PT and PTT in the blood of healthy human volunteers with Ethyl acetate and methanol extracts recorded the largest prolongation of PT and PTT correspondingly. The highest PT and PTT prolongation was achieved at 100µg/ml, and the least prolongation time was obtained at 10µg/ml.
Conclusion: These findings displayed that F. schweinfurthii aerial parts contain phytochemical constituents with anticoagulant characteristics and could be used to treat blood clotting disorders.

Peer Review History: 
Received: 26 April 2022; Revised: 12 June; Accepted: 30 June, Available online: 15 July 2022
Academic Editor: Dr. DANIYAN Oluwatoyin Michael, Obafemi Awolowo University, ILE-IFE, Nigeria, [email protected]
UJPR follows the most transparent and toughest ‘Advanced OPEN peer review’ system. The identity of the authors and, reviewers will be known to each other. This transparent process will help to eradicate any possible malicious/purposeful interference by any person (publishing staff, reviewer, editor, author, etc) during peer review. As a result of this unique system, all reviewers will get their due recognition and respect, once their names are published in the papers. We expect that, by publishing peer review reports with published papers, will be helpful to many authors for drafting their article according to the specifications. Auhors will remove any error of their article and they will improve their article(s) according to the previous reports displayed with published article(s). The main purpose of it is ‘to improve the quality of a candidate manuscript’. Our reviewers check the ‘strength and weakness of a manuscript honestly’. There will increase in the perfection, and transparency. 
Received file: Reviewer's Comments:
Average Peer review marks at initial stage: 5.5/10
Average Peer review marks at publication stage: 7.0/10
Reviewers:
Dr. Gehan Fawzy Abdel Raoof Kandeel, Pharmacognosy Department, National Research Centre, Dokki, 12622, Giza, Egypt, [email protected] 
Dr. Marwa A. A. Fayed, University of Sadat City, Egypt, [email protected]
Prof. Dr. Hüsniye Kayalar, Ege University, Turkey, [email protected]
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The inadequacy of consumer protection in the UAE: the need for reform
No full textThis thesis was submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy and awarded by Brunel University.This thesis addresses the consumer protection regime in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) against damages posed by defective industrial products, unfair business practices and misleading advertising. Nowadays, unfair and deceptive practices such as the selling of defective or sub-standard goods, the charging of exorbitant prices, misrepresentation of the efficacy or usefulness of goods, and negligence as to safety standards have become rampant. Accordingly, it has become necessary to promote the development and refinement of statutory measures, even in developed countries, to make producers/traders more accountable to consumers. This thesis examines the legal grounds on which consumer protection stands within the newly enacted legal framework for consumer protection in the UAE. In addition, this thesis elaborates upon relevant regulations provided by UAE legislators as well as related laws in selected Arab countries. It further investigates the adequacy of administrative authorities’ measures in the UAE, and explains whether respective administrative rules are capable of compensating consumers for material and physical damages incurred. It also explores the inadequacies of the administration’s measures and rules, and highlights the importance of integration between administrative bodies in achieving a sufficient level of protection for consumers.
The findings of this thesis are based on a detailed review of specific issues in consumer protection models in the Shari’a law and the United Kingdom (UK) model. Thus, it will refer to solutions devised by Islamic Shari’a law and the UK legal system to provide more comprehensive protection to consumers and strengthen their position in relation to that of traders. The study suggests that there is a need to amend the consumer protection in the UAE. It indicates a need for the unified, effective and meaningful implementation of consumer protection legal and administrative procedures in the UAE, and emphasizes that the non-governmental consumer protection association must be given a wider and legal role in supporting the governmental bodies. These findings may help in improving the current consumer protection regime in the UAE as well as reducing infringements committed by traders. This thesis concludes by making recommendations for drafting a comprehensive set of rules in the UAE in the hopes that such recommendations will contribute effectively toward the development of a consumer protection regime in the UAE.Dubai Police Headquarter
Correction: Epidemiology and outcomes of early-onset AKI in COVID-19-related ARDS in comparison with non-COVID-19-related ARDS: insights from two prospective global cohort studies (Critical Care, (2023), 27, 1, (3), 10.1186/s13054-022-04294-5)
No full textFollowing publication of the original article [1], the authors identified that the collaborating authors part of the collaborating author group CCCC Consortium was missing. The collaborating author group is available and included as Additional file 1 in this article
Elective Cancer Surgery in COVID-19-Free Surgical Pathways During the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic: An International, Multicenter, Comparative Cohort Study
No full text3613restrictedrestrictedJames C Glasbey; Dmitri Nepogodiev; Joana Ff Simoes; Omar Omar; Elizabeth Li; Mary L Venn; Mohammad Abou Chaar; Vita Capizzi; Daoud Chaudhry; Anant Desai; Jonathan G Edwards; Jonathan P Evans; Marco Fiore; Jose Flavio Videria; Samuel J Ford; Ian Ganyli; Ewen A Griffiths; Rohan R Gujjuri; Angelos G Kolias; Haytham Ma Kaafarani; Ana Minaya-Bravo; Siobhan C McKay; Helen M Mohan; Keith Roberts; Carlos San Miguel-Méndez; Peter Pockney; Richard Shaw; Neil J Smart; Grant D Stewart; Sudha Sundar; Raghavan Vidya; Aneel A Bhangu; James C Glasbey; Omar Omar; Aneel A Bhangu; Kwabena Siaw-Acheampong; Ruth A Benson; Edward Bywater; Daoud Chaudhry; Brett E Dawson; Jonathan P Evans; James C Glasbey; Rohan R Gujjuri; Emily Heritage; Conor S Jones; Sivesh K Kamarajah; Chetan Khatri; Rachel A Khaw; James M Keatley; Andrew Knight; Samuel Lawday; Elizabeth Li; Harvinder S Mann; Ella J Marson; Kenneth A McLean; Siobhan C McKay; Emily C Mills; Dmitri Nepogodiev; Gianluca Pellino; Maria Picciochi; Elliott H Taylor; Abhinav Tiwari; Joana Ff Simoes; Isobel M Trout; Mary L Venn; Richard Jw Wilkin; Aneel A Bhangu; James C Glasbey; Neil J Smart; Ana Minaya-Bravo; Jonathan P Evans; Gaetano Gallo; Susan Moug; Francesco Pata; Peter Pockney; Salomone Di Saverio; Abigail Vallance; Dale Vimalchandran; Ewen A Griffiths; Sivesh K Kamarajah; Richard Pt Evans; Philip Townend; Keith Roberts; Siobhan McKay; John Isaac; Sohei Satoi; John Edwards; Aman S Coonar; Adrian Marchbank; Edward J Caruana; Georgia R Layton; Akshay Patel; Alessandro Brunelli; Samuel Ford; Anant Desai; Alessandro Gronchi; Marco Fiore; Max Almond; Fabio Tirotta; Sinziana Dumitra; Angelos Kolias; Stephen J Price; Daniel M Fountain; Michael D Jenkinson; Peter Hutchinson; Hani J Marcus; Rory J Piper; Laura Lippa; Franco Servadei; Ignatius Esene; Christian Freyschlag; Iuri Neville; Gail Rosseau; Karl Schaller; Andreas K Demetriades; Faith Robertson; Alex Alamri; Richard Shaw; Andrew G Schache; Stuart C Winter; Michael Ho; Paul Nankivell; Juan Rey Biel; Martin Batstone; Ian Ganly; Raghavan Vidya; Alex Wilkins; Jagdeep K Singh; Dinesh Thekinkattil; Sudha Sundar; Christina Fotopoulou; Elaine Leung; Tabassum Khan; Luis Chiva; Jalid Sehouli; Anna Fagotti; Paul Cohen; Murat Gutelkin; Rahel Ghebre; Thomas Konney; Rene Pareja; Rob Bristow; Sean Dowdy; T S Shylasree; R Kottayasamy Seenivasagam; Joe Ng; Keiiji Fujiwara; Grant D Stewart; Benjamin Lamb; Krishna Narahari; Alan McNeill; Alexandra Colquhoun; John McGrath; Steve Bromage; Ravi Barod; Veeru Kasivisvanathan; Tobias Klatte; Joana Ff Simoes; Tom Ef Abbott; Sadi Abukhalaf; Michel Adamina; Adesoji O Ademuyiwa; Arnav Agarwal; Murat Akkulak; Ehab Alameer; Derek Alderson; Felix Alakaloko; Markus Albertsmeiers; Osaid Alser; Muhammad Alshaar; Sattar Alshryda; Alexis P Arnaud; Knut Magne Augestad; Faris Ayasra; José Azevedo; Brittany K Bankhead-Kendall; Emma Barlow; David Beard; Ruth A Benson; Ruth Blanco-Colino; Amanpreet Brar; Ana Minaya-Bravo; Kerry A Breen; Chris Bretherton; Igor Lima Buarque; Joshua Burke; Edward J Caruana; Mohammad Chaar; Sohini Chakrabortee; Peter Christensen; Daniel Cox; Moises Cukier; Miguel F Cunha; Giana H Davidson; Anant Desai; Salomone Di Saverio; Thomas M Drake; John G Edwards; Muhammed Elhadi; Sameh Emile; Shebani Farik; Marco Fiore; J Edward Fitzgerald; Samuel Ford; Tatiana Garmanova; Gaetano Gallo; Dhruv Ghosh; Gustavo Mendonça Ataíde Gomes; Gustavo Grecinos; Ewen A Griffiths; Madalegna GrÜndl; Constantine Halkias; Ewen M Harrison; Intisar Hisham; Peter J Hutchinson; Shelley Hwang; Arda Isik; Michael D Jenkinson; Pascal Jonker; Haytham Ma Kaafarani; Debby Keller; Angelos Kolias; Schelto Kruijff; Ismail Lawani; Hans Lederhuber; Sezai Leventoglu; Andrey Litvin; Andrew Loehrer; Markus W Löffler; Maria Aguilera Lorena; Maria Marta Modolo; Piotr Major; Janet Martin; Hassan N Mashbari; Dennis Mazingi; Symeon Metallidis; Ana Minaya-Bravo; Helen M Mohan; Rachel Moore; David Moszkowicz; Susan Moug; Joshua S Ng-Kamstra; Mayaba Maimbo; Ionut Negoi; Milagros Niquen; Faustin Ntirenganya; Maricarmen Olivos; Kacimi Oussama; Oumaima Outani; Marie Dione Parreno-Sacdalanm; Francesco Pata; Carlos Jose Perez Rivera; Thomas D Pinkney; Willemijn van der Plas; Peter Pockney; Ahmad Qureshi; Dejan Radenkovic; Antonio Ramos-De la Medina; Keith Roberts; April C Roslani; Martin Rutegård; Juan José Segura-Sampedro; Irène Santos; Sohei Satoi; Raza Sayyed; Andrew Schache; Andreas A Schnitzbauer; Justina O Seyi-Olajide; Neil Sharma; Richard Shaw; Sebastian Shu; Kjetil Soreide; Antonino Spinelli; Grant D Stewart; Malin Sund; Sudha Sundar; Stephen Tabiri; Philip Townend; Georgios Tsoulfas; Gabrielle H van Ramshorst; Raghavan Vidya; Dale Vimalachandran; Oliver J Warren; Duane Wedderburn; Naomi Wright; C Allemand; L Boccalatte; M Figari; M Lamm; J Larrañaga; C Marchitelli; F Noll; D Odetto; M Perrotta; J Saadi; L Zamora; C Alurralde; E L Caram; D Eskinazi; J P Mendoza; M Usandivaras; R Badra; A Esteban; J S García; P M García; J I Gerchunoff; S M Lucchini; M A NIgra; L Vargas; T Hovhannisyan; A Stepanyan; T Gould; R Gourlay; B Griffiths; S Gananadha; M McLaren; J Cecire; N Joshi; S Salindera; A Sutherland; J H Ahn; G Charlton; S Chen; N Gauri; R Hayhurst; S Jang; F Jia; C Mulligan; W Yang; G Ye; H Zhang; M Ballal; D Gibson; D Hayne; J Moss; T Richards; P Viswambaram; U G Vo; J Bennetts; T Bright; M Brooke-Smith; R Fong; B Gricks; Y H Lam; B S Ong; M Szpytma; D Watson; K Bagraith; S Caird; E Chan; C Dawson; D Ho; E Jeyarajan; S Jordan; A Lim; G J Nolan; A Oar; D Parker; H Puhalla; A Quennell; L Rutherford; P Townend; M Von Papen; M Wullschleger; A Blatt; D Cope; N Egoroff; M Fenton; J Gani; N Lott; P Pockney; N Shugg; M Elliott; D Phung; D Phan; D Townend; C Bong; J Gundara; A Frankel; S Bowman; G R Guerra; J Bolt; K Buddingh; N N Dudi-Venkata; S Jog; H M Kroon; T Sammour; R Smith; C Stranz; M Batstone; K Lah; W McGahan; D Mitchell; A Morton; A Pearce; M Roberts; G Sheahan; B Swinson; N Alam; S Banting; L Chong; P Choong; S Clatworthy; D Foley; A Fox; M W Hii; B Knowles; J Mack; M Read; A Rowcroft; S Ward; G Wright; M Lanner; I Königsrainer; M Bauer; C Freyschlag; M Kafka; F Messner; D Öfner; I Tsibulak; K Emmanuel; M Grechenig; R Gruber; M Harald; L Öhlberger; J Presl; A Wimmer; I Namazov; E Samadov; D Barker; R Boyce; S Corbin; A Doyle; A Eastmond; R Gill; A Haynes; S Millar; M O'Shea; G Padmore; N Paquette; E Phillips; S St John; K Walkes; N Flamey; P Pattyn; W Oosterlinck; J Van den Eynde; R Van den Eynde; A Gatti; C Nardi; R Oliva; R De Cicco; I Cecconello; P Gregorio; L Pontual Lima; U Ribeiro Junior; F Takeda; R M Terra; M Sokolov; B Kidane; S Srinathan; M Boutros; N Caminsky; G Ghitulescu; G Jamjoum; J Moon; J Pelletier; T Vanounou; S Wong; M Boutros; S Dumitra; A Kouyoumdjian; B Johnston; C Russell; M Boutros; S Demyttenaere; R Garfinkle; J Abou-Khalil; C Nessim; J Stevenson; F Heredia; A Almeciga; A Fletcher; A Merchan; L O Puentes; J Mendoza Quevedo; G Bacic; D Karlovic; D Krsul; M Zelic; I Luksic; M Mamic; B Bakmaz; I Coza; E Dijan; Z Katusic; J Mihanovic; I Rakvin; K Frantzeskou; N Gouvas; G Kokkinos; P Papatheodorou; I Pozotou; O Stavrinidou; A Yiallourou; L Martinek; M Skrovina; I Szubota; J Žatecký; V Javurkova; J Klat; T Avlund; P Christensen; J L Harbjerg; L H Iversen; D W Kjaer; Hø Kristensen; M Mekhael; A L Ebbehøj; P Krarup; N Schlesinger; H Smith; A Abdelsamed; A Y Azzam; H Salem; A Seleim; A Abdelmajeed; M Abdou; N E Abosamak; M Al Sayed; F Ashoush; R Atta; E Elazzazy; M Elhoseiny; M Elnemr; M S Elqasabi; M E Elsayed Hewalla; I Elsherbini; E Essam; M Eweda; I Ghallab; E Hassan; M Ibrahim; M Metwalli; M Mourad; M S Qatora; M Ragab; A Sabry; H Saifeldin; M Saleh Mesbah Mohamed Elkaffas; A Samih; A Samir Abdelaal; S Shehata; K Shenit; D Attia; N Kamal; N Osman; A M Abbas; Has Abd Elazeem; M M Abdelkarem; S Alaa; A K Ali; A Ayman; M G Azizeldine; H Elkhayat; S M Elghazaly; F A Monib; M A Nageh; M M Saad; M Salah; M Shahine; E A Yousof; A Youssef; A Eldaly; M ElFiky; A Nabil; G Amira; I Sallam; M Sherief; A Sherif; A Abdelrahman; H Aboulkassem; G Ghaly; R Hamdy; A Morsi; H Salem; G Sherif; H Abdeldayem; I Abdelkader Salama; M Balabel; Y Fayed; A E Sherif; D Bekele; J Kauppila; E Sarjanoja; O Helminen; H Huhta; J H Kauppila; C Beyrne; L Jouffret; L Lugans; L Marie-Macron; E Chouillard; B De Simone; J Bettoni; S Dakpé; B Devauchelle; N Lavagen; S Testelin; S Boucher; R Breheret; A Gueutier; A Kahn; J KÜn-Darbois; A Barrabe; Z Lakkis; A Louvrier; S Manfredelli; P Mathieu; A Chebaro; V Drubay; M El Amrani; C Eveno; K Lecolle; G Legault; L Martin; G Piessen; F R Pruvot; S Truant; P Zerbib; Q Ballouhey; B Barrat; J Laloze; H Salle; A Taibi; J Usseglio; D Bergeat; A Merdrignac; Roy B Le; L O Perotto; A Scalabre; A Aimé; A Ezanno; B Malgras; P Bouche; S Tzedakis; E Cotte; O Glehen; V Kepenekian; J Lifante; G Passot; A D'Urso; E Felli; D Mutter; P Pessaux; B Seeliger; J Bardet; R Berry; G Boddaert; S Bonnet; E Brian; C Denet; D Fuks; D Gossot; M Grigoroiu; A Laforest; Y Levy-Zauberman; 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K Bramis; L Chardalias; I Contis; N Dafnios; D Dellaportas; G Fragulidis; A Gklavas; M Konstadoulakis; N Memos; I Papaconstantinou; A Polydorou; T Theodosopoulos; A Vezakis; M I Antonopoulou; D K Manatakis; N Tasis; N Arkadopoulos; N Danias; P Economopoulou; P Kokoropoulos; A Larentzakis; N Michalopoulos; J Selmani; T Sidiropoulos; V Tsaousis; P Vassiliu; K Bouchagier; S Klimopoulos; D Paspaliari; G Stylianidis; K Baxevanidou; K Bouliaris; P Chatzikomnitsa; M Efthimiou; A Giaglaras; C Kalfountzos; G Koukoulis; A M Ntziovara; K Petropoulos; K Soulikia; I Tsiamalou; K Zervas; S Zourntou; I Baloyiannis; A Diamantis; E Gkrinia; J Hajiioannou; C Korais; O Koukoura; K Perivoliotis; A Saratziotis; C Skoulakis; D Symeonidis; K Tepetes; G Tzovaras; D Zacharoulis; V Alexoudi; K Antoniades; I Astreidis; P Christidis; D Deligiannidis; T Grivas; O Ioannidis; I Kalaitsidou; L Loutzidou; A Mantevas; D Michailidou; K Paraskevopoulos; S Politis; A Stavroglou; D Tatsis; I Tilaveridis; K Vahtsevanos; G Venetis; 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Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective surgery during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic
No full text3535noneengBackground: Surgical services are preparing to scale up in areas affected by COVID-19. This study aimed to evaluate the association between preoperative SARS-CoV-2 testing and postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cancer surgery. Methods: This international cohort study included adult patients undergoing elective surgery for cancer in areas affected by SARSCoV-2 up to 19 April 2020. Patients suspected of SARS-CoV-2 infection before operation were excluded. The primary outcome measure was postoperative pulmonary complications at 30 days after surgery. Preoperative testing strategies were adjusted for confounding using mixed-effects models. Results: Of 8784 patients (432 hospitals, 53 countries), 2303 patients (26.2 per cent) underwent preoperative testing: 1458 (16.6 per cent) had a swab test, 521 (5.9 per cent) CT only, and 324 (3.7 per cent) swab and CT. Pulmonary complications occurred in 3.9 per cent, whereas SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed in 2.6 per cent. After risk adjustment, having at least one negative preoperative nasopharyngeal swab test (adjusted odds ratio 0.68, 95 per cent confidence interval 0.68 to 0.98; P ¼ 0.040) was associated with a lower rate of pulmonary complications. Swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in areas with a high 14-day SARS-CoV-2 case notification rate, but not before minor surgery or in low-risk areas. To prevent one pulmonary complication, the number needed to swab test before major or minor surgery was 18 and 48 respectively in high-risk areas, and 73 and 387 in low-risk areas. Conclusion: Preoperative nasopharyngeal swab testing was beneficial before major surgery and in high SARS-CoV-2 risk areas. 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Taibi A.; Usseglio J.; Bergeat D.; Merdrignac A.; Le R.B.; Perotto L.O.; Scalabre A.; Aime A.; Ezanno A.; Malgras B.; Bouche P.; Tzedakis S.; Cotte E.; Glehen O.; Kepenekian V.; Lifante J.; Passot G.; D'Urso A.; Felli E.; Mutter D.; Pessaux P.; Seeliger B.; Bardet J.; Berry R.; Boddaert G.; Bonnet S.; Brian E.; Denet C.; Fuks D.; Gossot D.; Grigoroiu M.; Laforest A.; Levy-Zauberman Y.; Louis-Sylvestre C.; Moumen A.; Pourcher G.; Seguin-Givelet A.; Tribillon E.; Duchalais E.; Espitalier F.; Ferron C.; Malard O.; Bork U.; Distler M.; Fritzmann J.; Kirchberg J.; Praetorius C.; Riediger C.; Weitz J.; Welsch T.; Wimberger P.; Beyer K.; Kamphues C.; Lauscher J.; Loch F.N.; Schineis C.; Albertsmeier M.; Angele M.; Kappenberger A.; Niess H.; Schiergens T.; Werner J.; Becker R.; Jonescheit J.; Pergolini I.; Reim D.; Boeker C.; Hakami I.; Mall J.; Liokatis P.; Smolka W.; Nowak K.; Reinhard T.; Holzle F.; Modabber A.; Winnand P.; Knitschke M.; Kauffmann P.; Wolfer S.; Kleeff J.; Lorenz K.; Michalski C.; Ronellenfitsch U.; Schneider R.; Bertolani E.; Konigsrainer A.; Loffler M.W.; Quante M.; Steidle C.; Uberruck L.; Yurttas C.; Betz C.S.; Bewarder J.; Bottcher A.; Burg S.; Busch C.; Gosau M.; Heuer A.; Izbicki J.; Klatte T.O.; Koenig D.; Moeckelmann N.; Nitschke C.; Priemel M.; Smeets R.; Speth U.; Thole S.; Uzunoglu F.G.; Vollkommer T.; Zeller N.; Battista M.J.; Gillen K.; Hasenburg A.; Krajnak S.; Linz V.; Schwab R.; Angelou K.; Haidopoulos D.; Rodolakis A.; Antonakis P.; Bramis K.; Chardalias L.; Contis I.; Dafnios N.; Dellaportas D.; Fragulidis G.; Gklavas A.; Konstadoulakis M.; Memos N.; Papaconstantinou I.; Polydorou A.; Theodosopoulos T.; Vezakis A.; Antonopoulou M.I.; Manatakis D.K.; Tasis N.; Arkadopoulos N.; Danias N.; Economopoulou P.; Kokoropoulos P.; Larentzakis A.; Michalopoulos N.; Selmani J.; Sidiropoulos T.; Tsaousis V.; Vassiliu P.; Bouchagier K.; Klimopoulos S.; Paspaliari D.; Stylianidis G.; Baxevanidou K.; Bouliaris K.; Chatzikomnitsa P.; Efthimiou M.; Giaglaras A.; Kalfountzos C.; Koukoulis G.; Ntziovara A.M.; Petropoulos K.; Soulikia K.; Tsiamalou I.; Zervas K.; Zourntou S.; Baloyiannis I.; Diamantis A.; Gkrinia E.; Hajiioannou J.; Korais C.; Koukoura O.; Perivoliotis K.; Saratziotis A.; Skoulakis C.; Symeonidis D.; Tepetes K.; Tzovaras G.; Zacharoulis D.; Alexoudi V.; Antoniades K.; Astreidis I.; Christidis P.; Deligiannidis D.; Grivas T.; Ioannidis O.; Kalaitsidou I.; Loutzidou L.; Mantevas A.; Michailidou D.; Paraskevopoulos K.; Politis S.; Stavroglou A.; Tatsis D.; Tilaveridis I.; Vahtsevanos K.; Venetis G.; Karaitianos I.; Tsirlis T.; Charalabopoulos A.; Liakakos T.; Mpaili E.; Schizas D.; Spartalis E.; Syllaios A.; Zografos C.; Anthoulakis C.; Christou C.; Papadopoulos V.; Tooulias A.; Tsolakidis D.; Tsoulfas G.; Zouzoulas D.; Athanasakis E.; Chrysos E.; Tsiaoussis J.; Xenaki S.; Xynos E.; Futaba K.; Ho M.F.; Hon S.F.; Mak T.W.C.; Ng S.S.M.; Foo C.C.; Banky B.; Susztak N.; Aremu M.; Canas-Martinez A.; Cullivan O.; Murphy C.; Owens P.; Pickett L.; Akmenkalne L.; Byrne J.; Corrigan M.; Cullinane C.; Daly A.; Fleming C.; Jordan P.; Killeen S.; Lynch N.; McCarthy A.; Mustafa H.; O'Brien S.; O'Leary P.; Syed W.A.S.; Vernon L.; Callanan D.; Huang L.; Ionescu A.; Sheahan P.; Balasubramanian I.; Boland M.; Conlon K.; Evoy D.; Fearon N.; Gallagher T.; Geraghty J.; Heneghan H.; Kennedy N.; Maguire D.; McCartan D.; McDermott E.W.; Prichard R.S.; Winter D.; Alazawi D.; Barry C.; Boyle T.; Butt W.; Connolly E.M.; Donlon N.; Donohue C.; Fahey B.A.; Farrell R.; Fitzgerald C.; Kinsella J.; Larkin J.O.; Lennon P.; Maguire P.J.; McCormick P.; Mehigan B.J.; Mohan H.; Nugent T.; O'Sullivan H.; Ravi N.; Reynolds J.V.; Rogers A.; Shokuhi P.; Smith J.; Smith L.A.; Timon C.; Bashir Y.; Bass G.; Connelly T.; Creavin B.; Earley H.; Elliott J.A.; Gillis A.; Kavanagh D.; Neary P.; O'Riordan J.; Reynolds I.S.; Rice D.; Ridgway P.; Umair M.; Whelan M.; Carroll P.; Collins C.; Corless K.; Finnegan L.; Fowler A.; Hogan A.; Kerin M.; Lowery A.; McAnena P.; McKevitt K.; Nizami K.; Ryan E.; Samy A.; Coffey J.C.; Cunningham R.; Devine M.; Nally D.; Peirce C.; Tormey S.; Hardy N.; Neary P.; O'Malley S.; Ryan M.; MacIna S.; Mariani N.M.; Opocher E.; Pisani C.A.; Ferrari F.; Odicino F.; Sartori E.; Cotsoglou C.; Granieri S.; Bianco F.; Camillo' A.; Colledan M.; Tornese S.; Zambelli M.F.; Bissolotti G.; Fusetti S.; Lemma F.; Marino M.V.; Mirabella A.; Vaccarella G.; Agostini C.; Alemanno G.; Bartolini I.; Bergamini C.; Bruscino A.; Checcucci C.; De V.R.; Di B.A.; Fambrini M.; Fortuna L.; Maltinti G.; Muiesan P.; Petraglia F.; Prosperi P.; Ringressi M.N.; Risaliti M.; Sorbi F.; Taddei A.; Tucci R.; Bassi C.; Bortolasi L.; Campagnaro T.; Casetti L.; De P.M.; Esposito A.; Fontana M.; Guglielmi A.; Landoni L.; Malleo G.; Marchegiani G.; Nobile S.; Paiella S.; Pedrazzani C.; Rattizzato S.; Ruzzenente A.; Salvia R.; Turri G.; Tuveri M.; Bellora P.; D'Aloisio G.; Ferrari M.; Francone E.; Gentilli S.; Nikaj H.; Bianchini M.; Chiarugi M.; Coccolini F.; Di F.G.; Furbetta N.; Gianardi D.; Guadagni S.; Morelli L.; Palmeri M.; Tartaglia D.; Anania G.; Carcoforo P.; Chiozza M.; De T.A.; Koleva R.M.; Portinari M.; Sibilla M.G.; Urbani A.; Fabbri N.; Feo C.V.; Gennari S.; Parini S.; Righini E.; Ampollini L.; Bellanti L.; Bergonzani M.; Bertoli G.; Bocchialini G.; D'Angelo G.; Lanfranco D.; Musini L.; Poli T.; Santoro G.P.; Varazzani A.; Aguzzoli L.; Borgonovo G.; Castro R.C.; Coiro S.; Falco G.; Mandato V.D.; Mastrofilippo V.; Montella M.T.; Annessi V.; Zizzo M.; Grossi U.; Novello S.; Romano M.; Rossi S.; Zanus G.; Esposito G.; Frongia F.; Pisanu A.; Podda M.; Belluco C.; Lauretta A.; Montori G.; Moras L.; Olivieri M.; Bussu F.; Carta A.G.; Cossu M.L.; Cottu P.; Fancellu A.; Feo C.F.; Ginesu G.C.; Giuliani G.; Madonia M.; Perra T.; Piras A.; Porcu A.; Rizzo D.; Scanu A.M.; Tedde A.; Tedde M.; Delrio P.; Rega D.; Badalamenti G.; Campisi G.; Cordova A.; Franza M.; Maniaci G.; Rinaldi G.; Toia F.; Calabro M.; Farnesi F.; Lunghi E.G.; Muratore A.; Pipitone F.N.S.; Bambina F.; D'Andrea G.; Familiari P.; Picotti V.; De P.G.; Luglio G.; Pagano G.; Tropeano F.P.; Baldari L.; Beltramini G.A.; Boni L.; Cassinotti E.; Gianni' A.; Pignataro L.; Torretta S.; Abatini C.; Baia M.; Biasoni D.; Bogani G.; Cadenelli P.; Capizzi V.; Cioffi S.P.B.; Citterio D.; Comini L.V.; Cosimelli M.; Fiore M.; Folli S.; Gennaro M.; Giannini L.; Zweroncy A.; Guaglio M.; MacChi A.; Martinelli F.; Mazzaferro V.; Mosca A.; Pasquali S.; Piazza C.; Raspagliesi F.; Rolli L.; Salvioni R.; Sarpietro G.; Sarre C.; Sorrentino L.; Agnes A.; Alfieri S.; Belia F.; Biondi A.; Cozza V.; D'Amore A.; D'Ugo D.; De S.V.; Fagotti A.; Gasparini G.; Gordini L.; Litta F.; Lombardi C.P.; Lorenzon L.; Marra A.A.; Marzi F.; Moro A.; Parello A.; Perrone E.; Ratto C.; Rosa F.; Saponaro G.; Scambia G.; Scrima O.; Sganga G.; Tudisco R.; Belli A.; Granata V.; Izzo F.; Palaia R.; Patrone R.; Carrano F.M.; Carvello M.M.; De V.A.; Di C.F.; Ferreli F.; Gaino F.; Mercante G.; Rossi V.; Spriano G.; Donati D.M.; Frisoni T.; Palmerini E.; Aprile A.; Barra F.; Batistotti P.; Ferrero S.; Fregatti P.; Scabini S.; Sparavigna M.; Asti E.; Bernardi D.; Bonavina L.; Lovece A.; Adamoli L.; Ansarin M.; Cenciarelli S.; Chu F.; De B.R.; Fumagalliromario U.; Mastrilli F.; Pietrobon G.; Tagliabue M.; Badellino E.; Ferrero A.; Massobrio R.; De M.G.A.; Federico P.; Maida P.; Marra E.; Marte G.; Petrillo A.; Tammaro T.; Tufo A.; Berselli M.; Borroni G.; Cocozza E.; Conti L.; Desio M.; Livraghi L.; Quintodei V.; Rizzi A.; Zullo A.; Baldi C.; Corbellini C.; Sampietro G.M.; Cellerino P.; Baldini E.; Capelli P.; Conti L.; Isolani S.M.; Ribolla M.; Bondurri A.; Colombo F.; Ferrario L.; Guerci C.; Maffioli A.; Armao T.; Ballabio M.; Bisagni P.; Gagliano A.; Longhi M.; Madonini M.; Pizzini P.; Baietti A.M.; Biasini M.; Maremonti P.; Neri F.; Prucher G.M.; Ricci S.; Ruggiero F.; Zarabini A.G.; Barmasse R.; Mochet S.; Morelli L.; Usai A.; Bianco F.; Incollingo P.; Mancini S.; Marino C.L.; Sagnotta A.; Fruscio R.; Grassi T.; Nespoli L.C.; Tamini N.; Anastasi A.; Bartalucci B.; Bellacci A.; Canonico G.; Capezzuoli L.; Di M.C.; Ipponi P.; Linari C.; Montelatici M.; Nelli T.; Spagni G.; Tirloni L.; Vitali A.; Abate E.; Casati M.; Casiraghi T.; Laface L.; Schiavo M.; Arminio A.; Cotoia A.; Lizzi V.; Vovola F.; Vergari R.; D'Ugo S.; Depalma N.; Spampinato M.G.; Bartolucci P.; Brachini G.; Bruzzaniti P.; Chiappini A.; Chiarella V.; Ciccarone F.; Cicerchia P.M.; Cirillo B.; De T.G.; Di B.A.; Fiori E.; Fonsi G.B.; Franco G.; Frati A.; Giugliano M.; Iannone I.; La T.F.; Lapolla P.; Leonardo C.; Marruzzo G.; Meneghini S.; Mingoli A.; Ribuffo D.; Salvati M.; Santoro A.; Sapienza P.; Scafa A.K.; Simonelli L.; Zambon M.; Capolupo G.T.; Carannante F.; Caricato M.; Masciana G.; Mazzotta E.; Gattolin A.; Migliore M.; Rimonda R.; Sasia D.; Travaglio E.; Cervellera M.; Gori A.; Sartarelli L.; Tonini V.; Giacometti M.; Zonta S.; Chessa A.; Fiorini A.; Norcini C.; Colletti G.; Confalonieri M.; Costanzi A.; Frattaruolo C.; Mari G.; Monteleone M.; Bandiera A.; Bocciolone L.; Bonavina G.; Candiani M.; Candotti G.; De N.P.; Gagliardi F.; Medone M.; Mortini P.; Negri G.; Parise P.; Piloni M.; Sileri P.; Vignali A.; Belvedere A.; Bernante P.; Bertoglio P.; Boussedra S.; Brunocilla E.; Cipriani R.; Cisternino G.; De C.E.; De I.P.; Dondi G.; Frio F.; Jovine E.; Mineo B.F.; Neri J.; Parlanti D.; Perrone A.M.; Pezzuto A.P.; Pignatti M.; Pinto V.; Poggioli G.; Ravaioli M.; Rottoli M.; Schiavina R.; Serenari M.; Serra M.; Solli P.; Taffurelli M.; Tanzanu M.; Tesei M.; Violante T.; Zanotti S.; Borghi F.; Cianflocca D.; Di M.G.S.; Donati D.; Gelarda E.; Geretto P.; Giraudo G.; Giuffrida M.C.; Marano A.; Palagi S.; Pellegrino L.; Peluso C.; Testa V.; Agresta F.; Prando D.; Zese M.; Aquila F.; Gambacciani C.; Pieri F.; Santonocito O.S.; Armatura G.; Bertelli G.; Frena A.; Marinello P.; Notte F.; Patauner S.; Scotton G.; Fulginiti S.F.; Sammarco G.; Vescio G.; Balercia P.; Catarzi L.; Consorti G.; Di M.F.; Fontana T.; Daiko H.; Ishikawa M.; Ishiyama K.; Iwata S.; Kanematsu K.; Kanemitsu Y.; Kato T.; Kawai A.; Kobayashi E.; Kobayashi K.M.; Moritani K.; Nakatani F.; Oguma J.; Tanase Y.; Uno M.; Al A.M.; Ayasra F.; Ayasra Y.; Qasem A.; Abu Z.F.J.; Fahmawee T.; Hmedat A.; Ibrahim A.; Obeidat K.; Abdel A.S.; Abdel J.R.; Abouchaar M.K.; Al-Masri M.; Al-Najjar H.; Alawneh F.; Alsaraireh O.; Elayyan M.; Ghanem R.; Lataifeh I.; Alkadeeki G.Z.; Al M.F.S.; Aldokali N.; Senossi O.; Subhi M.T.; Burgan D.; Kamoka E.; Kilani A.I.; Salamah A.; Salem M.; Shuwayyah A.; Abdulwahed E.; Alshareea E.; Aribi N.; Aribi S.; Biala M.; Ghamgh R.; Morgom M.; Aldayri Z.; Ellojli I.; Kredan A.; Bradulskis S.; Dainius E.; Kubiliute E.; Kutkevicius J.; Parseliunas A.; Subocius A.; Venskutonis D.; Rasoaherinomenjanahary F.; Razafindrahita J.B.; Samison L.H.; Ong E.C.; Hamdan K.H.; Ibrahim M.R.; Tan J.A.; Thanapal M.R.; Amin S.N.; Hayati F.; Jayasilan J.; Sriram R.K.; Subramaniam S.; Che J.A.; Hussain A.H.; Mohamed S.A.S.; Mohdyunus M.F.; Soh J.Y.; Wong M.P.K.; Zakaria A.D.; Zakaria Z.; Fadzli A.; Fathi N.Q.; Koh P.S.; Liew Y.T.; Roslani A.C.; Tang C.Y.; Teoh L.Y.; Wong W.J.; Yahaya A.S.; Alvarez M.R.; Arrangoiz R.; Cordera F.; De L.R.A.M.; Gomez-Pedraza A.; Hernandez R.; Maffuz-Aziz A.; Posada J.A.; Becerra G.F.C.; Alfaro-Goldaracena A.; Buerba G.A.; Castillejos-Molina R.A.; Chan C.; Dominguez-Rosado I.; Medina-Franco H.; Mercado M.A.; Oropeza-Aguilar M.; Pena G.P.E.; Posadas-Trujillo O.E.; Rodriguez-Covarrubias F.; Salgado-Nesme N.; Sarre C.; Vilatoba M.; Arkha Y.; Bechri H.; El O.A.; Oudrhiri M.Y.; Derkaouihassani F.; El A.N.; Amrani L.; Belkhadir Z.H.; Benkabbou A.; Chakib O.; El A.B.; El B.Y.; Essangri H.; Ghannam A.; Majbar A.M.; Mohsine R.; Souadka A.; Hompes R.; Meima-Van P.E.M.; Pronk A.J.M.; Sharabiany S.; Grotenhuis B.; Hartveld L.; Reijers S.; Van H.W.; Baaij J.; Bolster-Van E.M.; De G.M.; Sloothaak D.; Van D.P.; Posma-Bouman L.; Derksen T.; Franken J.; Oosterling S.; De B.R.; Konsten J.; Van H.M.; Fidelis L.; Sholadoye T.T.; Tolani M.A.; Olaogun J.; Egbuchulem I.K.; Lawal T.A.; Ogundoyin O.; Olulana D.I.; Abdur-Rahman L.; Adeyeye A.; Aremu I.; Bello J.; Olasehinde O.; Popoola A.; Massoud J.; Massoud R.; Sorour T.M.; Jamal A.; Kerawala A.A.; Memon A.S.; Nafees A.R.; Rai L.; Ayub B.; Hassan N.; Martins R.S.; Ramesh P.; Sayyed R.; Butt U.; Kashif M.; Khan W.H.; Qureshi A.; Umar M.; Warisfarooka M.; Wasim T.; Ayubi A.; Rashid I.; Waqar S.H.; Falcon G.M.; Robles R.; Jocson R.; Teh C.; Major P.; Bobinski M.; Kotarski J.; Rasoul-Pelinska K.; Azevedo C.; MacHado D.; Mendes F.; De S.X.; Fernandes U.; Ferreira C.; Guidi G.; Leal C.; Marcal A.; Marques R.; Martins D.; Melo A.; Tenreiro N.; Vaz P.R.; Vieira B.; Almeida J.I.; Correia D.S.T.; Costa M.J.M.A.; Fernandes V.; Ferraz I.; Gil C.G.; Lima D.S.C.; Lopes L.; MacHado N.; Marialva J.; Nunes C.M.; Pedro J.; Pereira C.; Reis R.; Ribeiro A.; Santos R.; Saraiva P.; Silva R.; Tavares F.; Teixeira M.; Almeida A.C.; Amaral M.J.; Andrade R.; Athaydenemesio R.; Breda D.;
