758 research outputs found
Alba E. Mustaca (1943-2023): in memoriam
Get PDFEl fallecimiento de Alba Elisabeth Mustaca ha sido una gran pérdida para todos los que la conocimos y apreciamos, su familia, sus colegas, sus estudiantes y, en general, para la ciencia psicológica en Argentina, Latinoamérica y la comunidad internacional. Alba nació el 9 de julio de 1943 y falleció el 3 de abril del 2023. Fue una investigadora comprometida con su trabajo, una gran mentora, una persona cálida y afectuosa con quien era muy grato compartir. Estudió Psicología en la Universidad de Buenos Aires y recibió su título de “Licenciada en Psicología” en 1972, y años más tarde, en el 2001, su Doctorado en Psicología en la Universidad de San Luis. Trabajó en su alma mater durante la mayor parte de su vida académica, en una época de grandes turbulencias, cambios y avatares a nivel político, ideológico y también en el campo de la disciplina psicológica. Más adelante se vinculó a la Universidad Abierta Interamericana, en la cual laboró durante los últimos años de su vida. Fue un miembro muy destacado del Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (Conicet), alcanzando los niveles más altos. Fundó y dirigió durante más de 20 años el laboratorio de Psicología Experimental y Aplicada (PSEA), que fue el centro de formación e investigación de muchos estudiantes que con el paso del tiempo se convirtieron en líderes de la psicología argentina y en la actualidad son figuras de gran reconocimiento
Obituario - Alba E. Mustaca (1943-2023): una vida dedicada a la ciencia
No full textEl siguiente Obituario fue publicado por primera vez en la Revista Apuntes de Psicología Vol. 41 Núm. 2 (2023). Por deseo del autor y para multiplicar el homenaje a Alba E. Mustaca, este texto se publica en Apuntes de Psicología (España), en la Revista Argentina de Ciencias del Comportamiento y en la Revista Mexicana de Análisis de la Conducta. Al tratarse del mismo texto, su identificador único es https://doi.org/10.55414/ap.v41i2.1553.
Dimer-dimer stacking interactions are important for nucleic acid binding by the archaeal chromatin protein Alba
No full textArchaea use a variety of small basic proteins to package their DNA. One of the most widespread and highly conserved is the Alba (Sso10b) protein. Alba interacts with both DNA and RNA in vitro, and we show in the present study that it binds more tightly to dsDNA (double-stranded DNA) than to either ssDNA (single-stranded DNA) or RNA. The Alba protein is dimeric in solution, and forms distinct ordered complexes with DNA that have been visualized by electron microscopy studies; these studies suggest that, on binding dsDNA, the protein forms extended helical protein fibres. An end-to-end association of consecutive Alba dimers is suggested by the presence of a dimer-dimer interface in crystal structures of Alba from several species, and by the strong conservation of the interface residues, centred on Are and Phe(60). In the present study we map perturbation of the polypeptide backbone of Alba upon binding to DNA and RNA by NMR, and demonstrate the central role of Phe(60) in forming the dimer dimer interface. Site-directed spin labelling and pulsed ESR are used to confirm that an end-to-end, dimer dimer interaction forms in the presence of dsDNA.Peer reviewe
Emociones e inmunidad
Get PDFLa psiconeuroinmunología (PNI) se define como el estudio de las relaciones entre el sistema nervioso central (SNC), el endocrinológico (SE), y el inmunológico (SI). El SI está regulado por señales directas e indirectas del medio ambiente a través del sistema nervioso central y viceversa, el sistema nervioso central recibe información a través de sustancias secretadas por el SI. Se presentan resultados de investigaciones sobre la regulación de la función inmunológica que producen las emociones en modelos animales y humanos. En general, pero no siempre, se encontró una asociación entre los eventos que se perciben como estresantes o estados depresivos y cambios en algunos parámetros inmunológicos que en su mayoría son de decremento de las funciones inmunológicas. Además las emociones positivas, como el optimismo, buen humor, y la ilusión de control en enfermos tienden a aumentar la sobrevida de sujetos con enfermedades terminales y hacer menos vulnerables físicamente a sujetos sanos a partir de los 45 años.Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is the study of relations between the central nervous system (CNS), the endocrine system (ES) and immune system (IS). It is regulated by direct and indirect signals from the environment through the CNS and vice versa, CNS receives information through substances secreted by IS. Here are shown results of immune function regulation produced by emotions in animal and human models. In many cases there was found an association between events perceived as stressful or depresive and changes in some immune parameters, mostly as immune response decrease. Positive emotions, like optimism, good mood, and ilution of having control, tend to rise the life span of terminal patients and to reduce physical vulnerability of healthy subjects of 45 or more years
Extinction of consummatory behavior in rats
Get PDFTwo experiments with rats studied the relationship between reinforcer magnitude and frequency, and extinction rate in a consummatory situation with rats. In Experiment 1, groups received access to either a 2% or a 32% sucrose solution during twenty 5-min sessions and were subsequently shifted to extinction (access to an empty sipper tube). Goal tracking time (time spent near the sipper tube) was the dependent measure. Extinction was faster after training with 2% solution than with 32% solution. In Experiment 2, extinction was faster after training with 50% partial reinforcement than with continuous reinforcement. In both experiments, extinction was gradual and rats exhibited spontaneous recovery of goal-tracking behavior. Results are discussed in the context of evidence pointing to a dissociation of consummatory and instrumental behavior.Fil: Mustaca, Alba Elisabeth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Freidin, Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Papini, Mauricio Roberto. Texas Christian University; Estados Unido
The Author/Translator Interactional Process. A Case Study
No full textSee Naples and Kill (1988) is a lively and colourful novel by the con-temporary English writer, Gregory Dowling, translated into Italian in 2015.
Following the tradition of translation studies (Venuti 2000, Bass-nett 2002, Cronin 2006), this paper analyses the rewriting process of literary translation, considering in particular the fruitful but sometimes tense and even conflictual relationship between writer and translator.
The translation of the novel See Naples and Kill was an ongoing rewriting process entailing a constant dialogue between the writer and the translator. Therefore, the study aims at answering two main ques-tions: what happens if the rewriting process of translation is constant-ly questioned by the author? What happens if the author has a good mastery of the target language and s/he is her/himself a translator?
By exploring the relationship between translation and re-creation, the research focuses on the differences and similarities between the primary creation (source text) and the secondary creation (target text), and aims to verify in which way the dialogic encounter of two different personalities and cultures does not make them merge but, by retaining their own uniqueness, leads eventually to their mutually en-riching each other. A comparative analysis of the source text and the different drafts of the translated version accompanied by the author’s comments will shed light on the tense author-translator relationship in the specific case under investigation and how both actors handle this tension in order to create a new work resulting from the (dis)agreement of the two parties
Surprising nonreward reduces aggressive behavior in rats
Get PDFStudies with several mammalian species show that the surprising omission of an appetitive reinforcer invigorates aggressive behavior. In the present experiment, dominant and non-dominant individuals within pairs of male rats were identified in pre-tests sessions. The dominant males were then randomly assigned to one of two groups and trained in a consummatory contrast situation. Group 32-W received exposure to 32% sucrose solution and was then shifted to water; Group W-W received exposure to water throughout the experiment. Immediately after a shift to water, non-dominant males were introduced in the training box for a 5-min-long session. The previously dominant males of Group 32-W exhibited a significant decrease in aggressive attacks to non-dominant pairmates, compared to the W-W dominant rats. Consummatory training in a situation involving surprising nonreward inhibits aggressive behavior. The potential connection between the present results and those obtained in experiments with inescapable shocks is discussed.Fil: Mustaca, Alba Elisabeth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Martinez, Cristina Susana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Papini, Mauricio Roberto. Texas Christian University; Estados Unido
Learning and owner-stranger effects on interspecific communication in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris)
Get PDFDomestic dogs are very successful at following human cues like gazing or pointing to find hidden food in an object choice task. They solve this kind of situation at their first attempts and from early stages of their development and perform better thanwolves. Most of the authors proposed that these abilities are a domestication product, and independent fromlearning processes. There are fewsystematic studies on the effects of learning on dogs’ communicative skills.We aim to evaluate the effect of extinction and reversal learning procedures on the use of the pointing gesture in an object choice task. The results showed that dogs stopped following the pointing cue in the extinction and that they learned to choose the not pointed container in the reversal learning. Results suggest that instrumental learning plays an important role in interspecific communication mechanisms between humans and dogs. In both experiments for half of the subjects the pointer was the owner and for the rest was a stranger. A differential effect was found: extinction was slower but reversal learning was faster when the owner gave the cue. This data indicates that the relationship of the dog with the person who emits the cue influences performance.Fil: Elgier, Angel Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Jakovcevic, Adriana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Mustaca, Alba Elisabeth. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Bentosela, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Houssay. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; Argentin
Incentive contrast in domestic dogs (Canis familiaris)
Get PDFDogs (Canis familiaris) trained to receive a preferred food (dry beef liver) from an experimenter learned to maintain a longer gaze on the experimenter than dogs receiving a less preferred food (dog pellets). Dogs downshifted from dry liver to pellets rejected food more frequently than nonshifted controls. Gaze duration also decreased in downshifted dogs below the level of a group always reinforced with pellets. In addition, downshifted dogs tended to move away from the experimenter, adopting a lying down posture. This phenomenon, called successive negative contrast, has been described in analogous experiments with a variety of mammalian species, but has failed to occur in similar experiments with nonmammalian vertebrates. Unlike similar previous observations, the present data were obtained in an environment involving interspecific communication.Fil: Bentosela, Mariana. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Jakovcevic, Adriana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Elgier, Angel Manuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; ArgentinaFil: Mustaca, Alba Elisabeth. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Medicina. Instituto de Investigaciones Médicas; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; ArgentinaFil: Papini, Mauricio Roberto. Texas Christian University; Estados Unido
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