1,720,963 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Human papillomavirus in men who have sex with men, transgender women and people living with HIV in Pakistan
No full textBackground: Anal infection with human papillomavirus (HPV) and associated anal squamous intraepithelial lesions (ASIL), are more prevalent among men who have sex with men (MSM) particularly among MSM and transgender women living with HIV The high prevalence of HIV among MSM and transgender women in Pakistan is a significant health concern and access to screening and health-seeking is often delayed due to stigmatization and discrimination. Anal Papanicolaou (Pap) screening may have utility in the identification of these lesions and is a cost- effective modality for anal cancer prevention among MSM, but no such data are available for Pakistan. Similarly, neither HPV vaccination nor anal-cytology screening is implemented in Pakistan. To design HPV associated health interventions, HPV knowledge and positive attitudes towards uptake of HPV prevention is crucial. This thesis aimed to assess the burden of HPV and HPV related precancerous lesions in Pakistan, to explore knowledge, attitudes and perceived self- risk for HPV and associated illnesses, and to understand the policy perspective and health systems’ capacity and readiness to integrate an HPV preventive care model into existing HIV care and treatment program in Pakistan.Methods: Cross-sectional studies (paper I and II) were conducted between March 2016 to November 2017 at a sexual health centre run by a local community-based organization and the the center for HIV treatment in Karachi to estimate burden of anal type-specific HPV infection and anal intraepithelial lesions. We recruited 320 MSM and transgender women aged ≥ 18-years who reported anal sex in the preceding 6 months. Anal samples negative for β globin or with insufficient biological material for cytological analyses were excluded. We collected two anal samples for liquid-based cytology and HPV type testing by PCR. Socio-demographic and behavioural data were collected through face-to face interviews. The prevalence of HPV16 DNA infection, ASIL and associated risk factors were analysed through Cox regression for prevalence ratios (PR) and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs).Study III was conducted between March to August 2019 and recruited 48 MSM and transgender women for focus group discussions from community-based organization. For study IV a total of 18 key informants, at different levels of seniority, were recruited from governmental and non- governmental organizations, high-level infectious disease healthcare managers, and United Nations Program representatives were recruited. Both qualitative studies employed content analysis to identify the manifest and latent themes.Results: In study I, we observed a 65.1% of overall HPV-DNA prevalence and was higher in participants living with HIV as compared to HIV negative (87% versus 48%; 2p=Study III identified three themes in the focus group discussions. 1) Knowledge and risk perceptions about STIs and HPV, 2) Beliefs and attitudes towards HPV prevention, 3) Participant’s recommendations for HPV vaccination and anal Pap screening. The overall knowledge of HPV was poor though, and none of the participants had heard about HPV prevention including vaccination and anal Pap screening for men but expressed a positive attitude towards prevention. In study IV, participants unanimously favoured integration of HPV preventive services into the existing HIV program, but also identified several service delivery barriers including shortage of trained workforce, limited capacity of information technology, lack of supplies needed for screening, lack of financing, and lack of services that could meet the needs of these key-populations.Conclusions: The findings of this thesis reaffirm the high burden of HPV and associated anal precancerous lesions in MSM and transgender women living with HIV. Current findings support anal Pap-smear HPV screening for this particular group and vaccination efforts for future generations. Educational interventions should be culturally tailored to address the knowledge gaps among key-populations. Moreover, integration of anal cancer screening is dependent on political will, financing, anti-stigma and discrimination interventions, and health system efficiency.List of scientific papersI. Ejaz M, Andersson S, Batool S, Ali T, Ekström AM. Anal human papillomavirus infection among men who have sex with men and transgender women living with and without HIV in Pakistan: findings from a cross-sectional study. BMJ open. 2021 Nov 1;11(11):e052176. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-052176 II. Ejaz M, Mubarak M, Ali TS, Andersson S, Ekström AM. Human papillomavirus-associated anal squamous intraepithelial lesions in men who have sex with men and transgender women living with and without HIV in Karachi Pakistan: implications for screening and prevention. BMC infectious diseases. 2021 Dec;21(1):1-2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-06850-w III. Ejaz M, Ekström AM, Ahmed A, Haroon A, Ali D, Ali TS, Salazar M. Human Papillomavirus associated prevention: knowledge, attitudes, and perceived risks among men who have sex with men and transgender women in Pakistan: a qualitative study. BMC public health. 2022 Dec;22(1):1-2. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12775-z IV. Ejaz M, Ekström AM, Ali T, Salazar M, Ahmed A, Ali D, Haroon A, S Siddiqi. Integration of Human papillomavirus associated anal cancer screening into HIV care and treatment Program in Pakistan: Perceptions of policymakers, managers, and care providers. [Submitted]</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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