2,304 research outputs found
Management of persistent anal canal carcinoma after combined-modality therapy: a clinical review.
No full textAnal canal carcinoma is a rare gastro-intestinal cancer. Radiochemotherapy is the recommended primary treatment for patients with non-metastatic carcinoma; surgery is generally reserved for persistent or recurrent disease. Follow-up and surveillance after primary treatment is paramount to classify patients in those with complete remission, persistent or progressive disease. Locally persistent disease represents a clinically significant problem and its management remains subject of some controversy.The aim of this systematic review is to summarise recommendations for the primary treatment of anal canal carcinoma, to focus on the optimal time to consider residual disease as genuine persistence to proceed with salvage treatment, and to discern how this analysis might inform future clinical trials in management in this class of patients. © 2014 Musio et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd
Corrigendum: Why precision medicine should be applied across the continuum of care for metastatic colorectal cancer patients
No full textThe Editorial by Marco Puzzoni, Pina Ziranu, Laura Demurtas, Eleonora Lai, Stefano Mariani, Nicole Liscia, Paolo Soro, Andrea Pretta, Valentino Impera, Silvia Camera, Francesca Musio, Mara Persano, Clelia Donisi, Simona Tolu, Francesca Balconi & Mario Scartozzi, 'Why precision medicine should be applied across the continuum of care for metastatic colorectal cancer patients', which appeared in the January 2020 issue of Future Oncology 16(02), 4337-4339 (2020), was published with a grammatical error in the title, which has now been rectified. The authors and editors of Future Oncology would like to sincerely apologize for any inconvenience or confusion this may have caused our readers
Some new results on the Beta skew-normal distribution
No full textIn this paper we study the Beta skew-normal distribution introduced by Mameli and Musio (2013). Some new properties of this distribution are derived including formulae for moments in particular cases and bi-modality properties. Fur- thermore, we provide expansions for its distribution and density functions. Bounds for the moments and the variance of the Beta skew-normal are derived. Some of the results presented in this work can be extended to the entire family of the Beta- generated distribution introduced by Jones (2004)
Impact of sphincter invasion on T stage definition in rectal cancer
No full textDear Editor: Uniform stage is the strongest predictor of survival for patients with rectal cancer. Accurate staging is paramount for appropriate patient management and clinical research comparison. Historically, tumor staging is based on local tumor characteristics (T), lymph nodes involvement (N), and presence of distant metastasis (M). In the seventh edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) staging, T4 was subdivided into T4a (tumor penetrates to the surface of thevisceralperitoneum) andT4b(tumordirectlyinvadesoris adherent to other organs or structures) [1]. These changes were supported by SEER rectal cancer outcomes data that showed a 10 % improvement in 5-year overall survival in patients with T4a lesion compared with T4b [2]
Osteoradionecrosis and intensity modulated radiation therapy: an overview
No full textOsteoradionecrosis (ORN) is an ongoing topic, especially about its definition, pathogenesis, staging system and management algorithm. But what about its real incidence in intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) era? This paper discusses the mandible in radiation therapy planning as organ at risk and reviews the literature for evidence of radiation damage, discussing likely dose constraints and the use of IMRT to reduce radiation dose to this structure. PubMed search was performed
Head and neck cancer: metronomic chemotherapy
No full textIn the era of personalized medicine, head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) represents a critical oncologic topic. Conventional chemotherapy regimens consist of drugs administration in cycles near or at the maximum tolerated dose (MDT), followed by a long drug-free period to permit the patient to recover from acute toxicities. Despite this strategy is successful in controlling the cancer process at the beginning, a significant number of HNSCC patients tend to recurred or progress, especially those patients with locally advanced or metastatic disease. The repertoire of drugs directed against tumor cells has greatly increased and metronomic chemotherapy (MC) could be an effective treatment option.It is the purpose of this article to review the concept of MC and describe its potential use in HNSCC. We provide an update of ongoing progress and current challenges related to this issue
Intra-operative radiation therapy (IORT) in recurrent head and neck cancer
No full textntraoperative radiotherapy (IORT) an innovative technique that assures the delivery of radiation immediately after surgical resection and thus directly on tumor bed, without the necessity of excessive radiation protection measures. The clinical data regarding the use of IORT in head and neck cancer are little and a comprehensive and evidence-based analysis of recurrent head and neck cancer is still pending. Despite an aggressive multidisciplinary management, in head and neck cancer it is difficult to achieve long term control and approximately 30% of patients, especially those with locally advanced disease at diagnosis, develop loco-regional failure. Independently of primary location, the vast majority of recurrences occurs at or adjacent to the original tumor sit
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