1,721,031 research outputs found
Angels and devils: Sadism and violence in children
No full textThis chapter describes the features of violence and sadism in children seen at the Portman Clinic, using the related vertices of psychoanalysis and developmental science. Presentations of anti-social tendencies with the core complex issues at their core can arise when early experiences of emotional safety are lacking. Children who suffer violence and trauma often lack much empathy and mentalizing capacity, believing that life is not fair, safe or reliable. More reactive children and adults often seek justice but they misperceive the motivations of others and can very easily feel that they are ‘victims’. Many adult psychopaths were anti-social children, started fires, torturing pets and showing cruelty. The presence of callous-unemotional traits in children, alongside conduct disorders, hugely increases the likelihood of serious offending, violent crime and shorter periods between re-offending. In adolescence, when the dopaminergic circuitry is fast developing, risks of addictive behaviours are heightened, whether to drugs, computer games or sexual and other forms of cruelty and sadism
Young people in difficulty with Internet sex and pornography
No full textThis chapter describes some of the ways in which engagement with internet sex can impact on young people’s sexual development and become problematic and some of the clinical challenges of working with these issues. The developmental processes specific to adolescence are complex and subject to disruption by adverse experiences. Immersion in internet sex can provide a refuge, not just from anxieties about the body and sexuality, but from the challenges of intimate relationships. Compulsive use of internet sex is only a symptom, and as such, the underlying drivers can be many, varied and idiosyncratic. The case illustrations which follow are not intended to be comprehensive nor to represent best practice, but to offer a snapshot of the kind of issues that emerge in treatment. Because this is a highly sensitive area of work, case illustrations are from our own and others’ practice, and are disguised or composites of a number of cases
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
NHS mental health staff: securely attached or under attack?
No full textThe author discusses the need for more compassionate and emotionally secure settings for patients and mental health providers of the National Health Service (NHS). He recaps key concepts in attachment theory and suggests applicable and helpful areas to work contexts of the NHS mental health initiative. The author explains the factors such as costs to workplace cultures, high pressure workloads, and highly competitive environments
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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