1,721,080 research outputs found
Passive modified atmosphere packaging: shelf-life extension of blu molded cheeses packaged in polylactic acid trays
No full textA simplified model to forecast the evoluton of gases inside a food packaging, containing respiring cheeses was applied. Considering the interaction between blu molded cheeses and oxygen and the particular diffusion properties of a package entirely made with a compostable material (poly lactic acid), shelf-life of the cheeses seems to be possibly extended up to 4 weeks
Highlights on the state of the art of EMDR therapy
No full textA recent paper by Dominguez and Lee (2017) discussed several methodological and statistical errors made by the American Psychological Association (APA) in defining Eye Movement Desensitisation and Reprocessing (EMDR) efficacy for PTSD as weaker than cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), cognitive processing therapy (CPT), cognitive therapy (CT) and exposure therapy. In this commentary, starting from the study of Dominguez and Lee (2017) we are going to express our position and state that the limits which make the results on EMDR treatment efficacy controversial are not merely methodological and statistical but, rather, theoretical
Sensory effects of hexanal vapor on fresh-cut slices of golden delicious apples.
No full textHexanal is a natural antimicrobial molecule that characterizes apples aroma. In this paper, the sensory effects of hexanal, as a component of packaging atmosphere, on fresh sliced Golden Delicious apples after storage at 4 °C for 8 d were evaluated. In particular, a colorimetric analysis of slices treated with different concentrations of hexanal vapor (coming from 3.040 to 0.076 mmol of liquid aldehyde per liter of air) fixed at 0.076 mmol/L the amount of hexanal in evaluating sensory effects in the subsequent analysis. Color and texture evaluation of slices by Two-out-of-Five method did not highlight any significant difference between treatment and control. The results from olfactory evaluation showed instead that treated samples had an intense odor compared with those untreated (P < 0.001). A significant difference between treatment and control was also highlighted during the flavor evaluation (P < 0.01); however, from the panelists' observations it emerged that such an effect would work negatively. The positive effect of the tested dose of hexanal on the odor of Golden Delicious slices and its flavor acceptability were verified by using regular apple consumers. A significant preference (P < 0.001) for the odor of treated apple slices came out, so the small dose of hexanal intensifies the odor of apples pleasantly. The different flavor of treated samples was not identified by the consumers, who altogether expressed positive judgments about it. This suggests the nicety of this difference that in the absence of an untreated reference sample is very difficult to detect
The trans-autobiographical writing in the psychiatric context
No full textAutobiographical narration workshops are widely used in psychiatric contexts to support pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments. However, telling of oneself in the first person could expose a person with schizophrenia to excessive psychic pain. Then, new methodologies are needed to promote narrative processing. The present study explored whether a trans-autobiographical narrative (which combines autobiographical and fictional narrative) allows the schizophrenic patient to narrate differently from the classic autobiographical narrative. One female participant with Schizophrenia read an autobiographical phrase (initial stimulus) and wrote three fictional stories taking as a starting point the initial stimulus. At each of three steps the participant commented on how she mediated between autobiography and fiction. Content and formal aspects of texts have been analyzed with qualitative approach derived from criteria of dynamic psychology, narratology, and textual semiotics. At the third step, the text is more metaphorical (symbolisation increases), defense mechanisms are more mature, the author moves from internal focalisation to zero focalisation. Trans-autobiographical narrative helped the author to decentralise his point of view and to look at himself from the outside. It was useful to soften the defence mechanisms in self-representation, to process negative emotions through a playful and fictional perspective and to retrace parts of the author’s personal story
An exploratory study on problematic internet use predictors: Which role for attachment and dissociation?
Full text linkObjective: Problematic Internet use (PIU) and its relation to psychopathology is an emergent but disputed issue in literature. In the current study, we explored the relationship between psychiatric symptoms, dissociative processes, adult attachment styles and PIU. Method: A community sample of 261 adults completed self-report questionnaires assessing Internet addiction symptoms (Internet Addiction Test – IAT), psychiatric symptoms (Symptom Checklist-90 Revised, SCL-90-R), dissociation (Dissociative Experiences Scale-II, DES-II), and adult attachment styles (Relationship Questionnaire, RQ). Socio-demographic data were also collected. Linear and logistic regression analyses were performed to explore the role of the hypothesized predictors on PIU. Results: Attachment styles did not predict PIU, which was predicted instead by male gender, dissociative experiences and depressive symptoms. Conclusions: Adult attachment styles may be not sufficent in explaining PIU when psychiatric symptoms and dissociative processes are taken into account. This is in line with previous research suggesting that negative affectivity and dissociation are more strictly related to the development and maintenance of the condition, especially among males
Tipi di personalità junghiani di estroversione e introversione e solitudine in adolescenza
No full textThe present study aims to explore the relationship between Jung’s extraversion
and introversion personality types, loneliness and aloneness during adolescence. A total of 373
adolescents aged between 15 and 19 years (M = 16.57; SD = 1.15) completed the Italian versions
of the Loneliness and Aloneness Scale for Children and Adolescents and the Jung Type
Indicator. Analysis shows a positive correlation between extraversion and an aversion to aloneness
and between introversion and an affinity for aloneness and peer-related loneliness. Moreover, extraversion
and introversion predict the extent of loneliness and aloneness. These preliminary data
are discussed in light of the adolescence developmental task
Emotional autonomy profiles: Separation, detachment and loneliness during adolescence
No full textThe present study assessed different profiles of emotional autonomy in relation to loneliness in a group of 1223 Italian adolescents (556 males and 667 females), ranging from 13 years to 20 years of age (M = 16.33; SD = 1.55). The Emotional Autonomy Scale (EAS - Steinberg & Silverberg, 1986) and the Louvain Loneliness Scale for Children and Adolescents (LLCA - Marcoen, Goossens & Caes, 1987) were administered to the participants. Five emotional autonomy profiles were constructed on the basis of percentile scores: adolescents not yet separated, detached, typical, separated and ambivalent. Detached showed higher scores of peer-related loneliness, than the not yet separated, the typical and the separated adolescents. Adolescents not yet separated showed lower scores of parent-related loneliness than the detached, the typical, the separated and the ambivalent adolescents. Data supported the link between emotional autonomy as Detachment and maladaptive outcomes, suggested by the difficulties in relationships with peers
Emotional autonomy and the separation process during adolescence
No full textThe aim of the present study was to investigate the internal structure of the Italian version of the EAS and analyse the relation between emotional autonomy and aloneness/loneliness during adolescence. The Italian versions of LLCA and the EAS were administered to 775 Italian adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years of age. Data confirmed the factorial structure proposed by Beyers, Goossens, Van Calster, and Duriez (2005) with two second higher-order factors (chi(2) (71) = 82.95; p = 0.157), even though the Detachment factor has shown low internal consistency. A relation between Separation factor and loneliness toward parents has also emerged. These findings have important implications for the detachment debate, identifying a possible indicator of the developmental process of disengagement from parents in the Separation factor
Neglect in temporal domain: Amelioration following a prismatic adaptation treatment and implications in everyday life. A single case study
No full textAs in line bisection, in time bisection, neglect patients fail to process the first/left part of time representation (Mental-Time-Line-MTL) resulting in a rightward shift of the interval midpoint. A leftward shift of spatial attention after one session of prismatic-adaptation (PA) reduces this deficit. The impact on daily life of time deficit is little investigated in neglect. Here we study the time deficit and its ecological impact in an outpatient with neglect (LL) and the effects of a PA-treatment (ten sessions) on the deficit and its impact.
Before and after PA-treatment, LL completed a: time-bisection-task assessing the MTL in the milliseconds-seconds range; lifespan-task assessing the MTL in the lifespan range; qualitative interview assessing the impact on daily routines. Patient’s performance on the tasks was compared with the performance of non-neurological controls.
Before PA-treatment, LL showed a rightward shift in the time-bisection-task and a compression of life events distribution in the lifespan-task. The feeling “to be forward in time” emerged in the interview. The PA-treatment reduced the deficits in the tasks and the feeling “to be forward in time” in the interview. PA-treatment is suggested as a powerful instrument for the reduction of time deficit and its ecological impact in neglect patients
Mass media Influences on Body Image and Body Esteem in Female Adolescents: The Mediating Role of Hopeful Future Expectations
Full text linkMass media influences to achieve ideal body image are widely posited to be
an antecedent of low body esteem in females. In this study, we aimed to
examine the relationship between mass media influence on body image
and body esteem, with a focus on the mediating role of hopeful future
expectations in a sample of female adolescents. Body esteem, mass media
influences on body image, and hopeful future expectations were evaluated
in 280 Italian female adolescents by means of questionnaires. Mass media
influences on body image are negatively associated with body esteem, and
hopeful expectations for the future are positively associated with body
esteem. The negative influence of mass media pressures on body esteem
was partially mediated by hopeful expectations for the future. Clinicians
dealing with adolescents with low body esteem may consider how female
adolescents internalize sociocultural body ideals and how this internalization might affect their future expectations and body esteem
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