1,720,967 research outputs found
Il paesaggio storico fra ricerca, comunicazione e didattica
Full text linkAbstract in italiano
Questo studio è centrato sugli aspetti del paesaggio storico legati alla comunicazione visiva e alla didattica. Il paesaggio è un consolidato argomento in campo geografico, e dal punto di vista storico può essere sottoposto a numerose domande. È un concetto dinamico che cambia e si sviluppa continuamente ed ha una storia che emerge attraverso le tracce delle attività umane del passato: città, case, edifici rurali, muretti a secco, mura, vie, sono segni complessi delle organizzazioni sociali del tempo storico. Sono questi segni che, manifestandosi sul territorio, lo rendono comprensibile come palinsesto e permettono di riconoscere i paesaggi che lo hanno caratterizzato nel tempo. In questo senso, il paesaggio contemporaneo è storico perché ha al suo interno tracce del passato, sia che si tratti di edifici sia che si tratti di coltivazioni o di sistemazioni agrarie. Nello stesso tempo esso è la immagine e l'espressione visiva sintetica, di questo processo. In questa lettura semiotica del paesaggio ogni singolo elemento o componente paesaggistica si relaziona con gli altri, nello spazio e nel tempo, fino a costruire un sistema. Partendo da questa prospettiva sono stati indagati alcuni campi della comunicazione visiva e della didattica scolastica del paesaggio storico. La parte innovativa e sperimentale ha riguardato due esperienze concrete, una rivolta ad un contesto classe avente per oggetto lo studio e la restituzione in una presentazione multimediale del paesaggio storico locale e l’altra basata sulla costruzione di un gioco didattico come metodo di fruizione culturale del paesaggio storico che ospita Castel del Monte, un castello voluto da Federico II sull’Alta Murgia, in Puglia. Il gioco, dal titolo Giallo murgiano, è basato sulla base delle carte di un processo del 1783 conservate presso l’archivio di Stato di Foggia e, attraverso un espediente narrativo e un mistero da risolvere, permette ai visitatori di scoprire gli elementi architettonici del castello e quelli significativi che da esso si scorgono nel paesaggio. La sua scrittura ha comportato lo studio delle carte d’archivio e della storiografia che si è occupata del fenomeno della transumanza istituzionalizzato nel regime della Regia Dogana della mena delle Pecore in Puglia nel contesto storico-geografico in oggetto. Analizzare le fonti e le componenti geomorfologiche del territorio ha permesso di individuare ed isolare gli elementi da offrire allo studio ludico del paesaggio. Per ricostruire le vicende narrate nel processo del 1783, i giocatori consultano carte storiche, dizionari e glossari che aiutano a decodificare termini tecnici e strutture insediative visibili dalle finestre dell’edificio. Queste attività sono un esempio di come lo studio di quadri, fotografie e della cartografia storica, permettono di conoscere il mondo come un complesso di segni storici e geografici e di dare significato agli elementi visivi che compongono la varietà del paesaggio. Gli obiettivi che questi progetti hanno inteso raggiungere sono stati quelli di dare agli studenti non solo conoscenze specifiche relative al paesaggio storico indagato, ma soprattutto di renderli capaci di leggere il passato e il paesaggio in cui gli essi stessi sono immersi. Cioè, in definitiva, rendere quel paesaggio significativo in termini storici agli occhi di chi lo ammira e lo vive. La conoscenza e la consapevolezza del valore di un territorio sono, infatti, presupposti fondamentali alla base della sua conservazione e valorizzazione. Questi stessi obiettivi caratterizzano anche i musei moderni che si occupano del paesaggio e del territorio. In modo particolare questo studio ha approfondito il
rapporto fra museo e paesaggio nelle forme attuali diffuse in ambito europeo: l’ecomuseo di scuola francese così come recepito in Italia, il Centro di interpretazione così come studiato e proposto in Spagna, e il museo del paesaggio e del territorio così come presenti in Italia. L’istituzione museale e il concetto stesso di paesaggio sono legati alla costituzione dell’identità nazionale ad opera dello stato nazione e sono stati uno strumento di quel potere assoluto o nazionalistico il cui obiettivo era formare un’identità nazionale basata su valori ancorati ad un passato mitico. Entrambi, in modo differente, sono stati spazio di oggetti simbolici facenti parte di una etno-narrazione, ma si sono aperti, grazie al contributo delle discipline e sollecitazioni sociali più diverse, a una identità dinamica e poliedrica, aperta a tutti. Analizzare il modello di paesaggio recepito nei musei di nuova concezione comporta, dunque, indagare il modello di cittadinanza proposto e il rapporto fra cittadinanza e identità.
Abstract in English
This study focuses the aspects of the historical and cultural landscape related to visual communication and teaching. In the geographical studies, the landscape is a well established subject, and from historical perspectives it can be subject to numerous questions. It is a living process, never static: human beings have shaped and changed the landscape they live in, and the history of these changes emerges through the traces of past human activities. Cities, castles, houses, rural buildings, dry stone walls, streets, are signs of complex social organizations over the history: these are the traces that make the territory understandable as a palimpsest and allow to recognize the different features that characterized it over the centuries. At the same time it is the synthetic image and the visual expression of this process. From this semiotic perspectives every landscape's single element or component interacts with others, in space and time, to build a system. Understanding this system and making students able to read these signs and give them an historical significance, has been the objective of two educational experiences designed and tested with some schools. The first experience was targeted to students aged 13-14 who have studied the local historic landscape through paintings, photos and web pages and have afterwards created a multimedia presentation.
The landscape iconographic method allows students to recognize in painted, photographed and personally watched landscapes, the evidence of evolution of agrarian forms, social subjects and technologies that operate on the landscape, the visual aspects of reality and the geographical processes. The second one consists of a mystery to the discovery of Castel del Monte, a medieval castle built by Frederick II on the Alta Murgia, Apulia. The game, Giallo murgiano ( Murgian mistery), is based on the proceedings of a trial that took place in 1783, now preserved in Foggia State Archives; through a narrative device and a mystery to solve, visitors are guided to the discovery of the architectural elements of the castle and of those that they can see in the surrounding landscape. In Order to reconstruct the events narrated in the trial of 1783, players consult historical maps and glossaries that help them to decode the settlement structures that are visible from the windows of
the building.
These two activities are examples of how the study of paintings, photographs and historical cartography, allows to know the world as a set of historical and geographical signs and give meaning to the visual elements that make up the variety of the landscape. These didactic experiences aim not only to teach the contents of the investigated historical landscape, but above all they want to enable students to read the past and the landscape that surrounds them. These purposes are the same of modern museums that deal with territory and landscape . In particular, this study investigated the relationship between the museum and the landscape in its present form widespread in the European context: the eco-museum of the French school , as it has been implemented in Italy, as well, the interpretation center as it is proposed and studied in Spain, and the museum landscape and territory as well as they are in Italy. Landscape and museum play a powerful role in the process of building national identity and they are given the task of transmitting socially shared values . They are in charge of the formation of national identity and so they allow us to point out at the characteristics that from generations to generations are recognized by a national community in terms of identity. From this perspective, they conjure. narration and information filtered by the social systems. Both, in different ways, have hosted symbolic value that were part of an ethno-story, but in recent years they have been opened to a dynamic and multi- faceted identity accessible to all, thanks to the contribution of different disciplines and societal solicitations. Therefore, analyzing the landscape model as it is perceived in new concept museums, implies the investigation on the proposed model of citizenship and the relationship between citizenship and identity
Spar Buoy numerical model calibration and verification
No full textThe present paper describes the experiences gained from the design methodology and operation of a 3D physical model experiment aimed to investigate the dynamic behavior of a spar buoy (SB) off-shore floating wind turbine (WT) under different wind and wave conditions.
The physical model tests have been performed at Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI) off-shore wave basin within the European Union-Hydralab IV Integrated Infrastructure Initiative, in October 2012. The floating WT model has been subjected to a combination of regular and irregular wave attacks and steady wind loads. Observations of hydrodynamics, displacements of the floating structure, wave induced pressures and tensions at critical points of the structure and at the mooring lines have been carried out. Based on the observed data, the numerical model Sesam [1], developed by Det Norske Veritas (DNV), has been calibrated and verified. The adopted numerical model took into account the wave induced response and the effects of the mooring lines on the overall system.
The calibration of the numerical model has been performed both for static and dynamic conditions.
At the end of the calibration procedure, the numerical model has been successfully used to simulate two selected irregular wave attack
Spar buoy numerical model calibration and verification
Full text linkThe present paper describes the experiences gained from the design methodology
and operation of a 3D physical model experiment aimed to investigate the dynamic behavior of a spar
buoy (SB) off-shore floating wind turbine (WT) under different wind and wave con- ditions.
The physical model tests have been performed at Danish Hydraulic Institute (DHI) off-shore wave
basin within the European Union-Hydralab IV Integrated Infrastructure Initiative, in
October 2012. The floating WT model has been subjected to a combination of regular and
irregular wave attacks and steady wind loads. Observations of hydrodynamics, displacements of the
floating structure, wave induced pressures and tensions at critical points of the structure and at
the mooring lines have been carried out. Based on the observed data, the numerical model
Sesam [1], developed by Det Norske Veritas (DNV), has been calibrated and verified. The adopted
numerical model took into account the wave induced response and the effects of the mooring lines on
the overall system.
The calibration of the numerical model has been performed both for static and dynamic condi- tions.
At the end of the calibration procedure, the numerical model has been successfully used to
simulate two selected irregular wave attacks
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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