731 research outputs found
A Visionary of the Lagos Muslim Community: Mustapha Adamu Animashaun, 1885-1968
No full textThe development process of a society can be understood through the study of lives of its inhabitants either as individuals or groups. In this connection, Nigerian historians have produced considerable amount of works on the country\'s local and national leaders. Such works have continued to enhance our knowledge of their roles in, and relevance to the country. While such biographies cut across religio-cultural boundaries, it seems clear that biographies on Muslim personalities, most especially at the local level, deserve more attention. This is why this study is on Mustapha Adamu Animashaun, who influenced the lives of Muslims and non-Muslims alike in Lagos during the first half of the twentieth century. In this study, the birth and educational background of Adamu Animashaun are examined. His life as a publisher, editor and author also receives attention. Furthermore, Adamu Animashaun\'s participation in the crisis of the Muslim Community of the Lagos Central Mosque between 1915 and 1947 is analysed. In addition, the study pays attention to his involvement in the formation of a Muslim political party in Lagos in the 1950s. The study concludes that despite the servile antecedents of Adamu Animashaun, he moved across the social ladder to become a leading personality in Lagos society – a feat achieved through sustained struggle, determination and support of those who shared the same aspiration with him. Lagos Historical Review, vol. 5 (2005), 22-4
Manẓūm al-Awjalī (An Apparatus of al-Aujaly)
No full textThe entire manuscript is available for download as a single PDF file. Higher-resolution images may be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Mohammed Bara’u Musa & Hauwa Usman (Local Project Managers), Adamu Mohammed, Abacha Kachalla, Abdrra’uf Abdullahi & Falmaa Madu Ibrahim (General Field Facilitators), and Haladu Mamman (Photographer). Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Director African Studies Center), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). These Collections of Fulfulde & Kanuri Ajami materials are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library.
Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).
Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Kurfi, Mustapha Hashim, Ngom, Fallou, and Castro, Eleni (2019). African Ajami Library: Digital Preservation of Fulfulde & Kanuri Ajami Materials of Northeastern Nigeria. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38242. For Inquiries: Please contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Provenance / Custodial history: This manuscript is owned by Alhaji Bashir who was born and raised in Damask in Borno State in northeastern Nigeria. He is a graduate of the University of Maiduguri, and has a Bachelor’s degree in Linguistics. He said that his interest in Kanuri Ajami, coupled with his background (being Kanuri himself and a linguist), motivate him to develop a collection of Kanuri Ajami texts. Alhaji Bashir has extensive Islamic knowledge and currently works for the Borno State government.This manuscript is a very short work in Arabic with extensive explicatory glosses in Kanuri Ajami. It has two parts. The first is Shaykh Muḥammad Ṣāliḥ’s work dealing with tawḥīd (oneness of God), the five pillars of Islam, the attributes of Allāh, the articles of faith, and elaborated notes on the characteristics of the Almighty God. The second part of the work deals with anger, anxiety, and depression. It provides words of wisdom on how to manage, control and eradicate these conditions. Both parts (tawḥīd and anger management) are written as poems. It is unclear whether the author of the first part is the same as author of the second part. The manuscript reflects the long history of Islamic scholarship in Kanem-Borno. The manuscript is unbound, complete, easy to read, and has no damaged pages. The total number of pages is only 11.The contents of this collection were developed with support of the Title VI National Resource Center grant # P015A180164 from the U.S. Department of Education. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government
An appraisal of the constitutional and regulatory mechanisms for the appointment of judicial officers in Nigeria and associated challenges
No full textThe institution to settle the dispute between individuals is a court of law manned by Judges. To nominate and appoint the judges are herculean tasks which involve processes to ensure only fit and proper persons occupy Judicial Offices. This paper examined the constitutional and regulatory procedures for the appointment of Judicial Officers in Nigeria. The study identified the problems associated with the processes of the appointment of the Judicial Officers in Nigeria. The work adopted the socio-legal research method by using the qualitative approach. There is a dearth of literature in Nigeria on how the procedure for the appointment of Judicial Officers operates practically and the real problems associated with the operation of the procedural laws. To achieve the research objectives, a semi-structured interview was used. Three specialists in the Nigerian legal profession were interviewed to find out the actual issues on the ground. The study discovered that lobbying has been entrenched in the process of the appointment of Judicial Officers in Nigeria. The research further found that the powers of the Chief Justice of Nigeria to appoint the majority of members of the recommendation body threatens the independence of the Judiciary
Biografija uz prijevod: Hrvatski ilirac Medo Pucić o Adamu Mickiewiczu
No full textThis paper deals with and comments on the biography and description of the literary work of the Croatian author of the Romantic period, Medo Pucić, with a special review of the biography of Adam Mickiewicz which he wrote in Italian, along with translations of excerpts from Forefathers’ Eve. The objective of the paper is twofold: to establish a parallel between the two contemporaries in the context of wider Croatian-Polish literary connections of the 1830s and 1840s as well as to establish the value of biography as a literary-historic genre, especially when it is written in temporal synchrony with an intent to establish cultural reciprocity. In that light Pucić’s text on Mickiewicz, originally written in a non-Slavic language for an Italian audience, is not read simply as a Croatian version of the impact of Mickiewicz’s work among the Southern Slavs, but as an ambitious implementation of the Pan-Slavic idea
Prevelance and pathogenicity of root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus spp. on banana (Musa paradisiaca L.) in Peninsular Malaysia
No full textRoot lesion nematode (Pratylenchus spp.) cause considerable damage to banana plant
(Musa spp.) globally. Even though, it has been reported in Malaysia, it disease
prevalence and severity of infection has not been attended to. The objective of the
research therefore, was aimed at determining the disease prevalence of Pratylenchus
spp. and the status of their damage on Musa spp. in Peninsular Malaysia. To study the
prevalence and pathogenicity of root lesion nematode, Pratylenchus spp. on banana
(Musa paradisiaca.) in Peninsular Malaysia, samples of soil and root were collected
from banana fields nationwide in 2014. Of the 13 sampled banana fields, lesion
nematodes were found in 10 fields (76% of the areas surveyed). Rating of root cortex
occupied by reddish brown lesion was significant among all the states, with Johor
having the highest disease severity of 36.3% followed by Selangor 20.7%, Perak 20.2%
and Pahang 20.4 % respectively. The study found that all the sampled areas have
exceeded threshold limit, which is 5%. Mean population density of fields having
Pratylenchus spp. from 20 g roots and 200 g soil were significantly different, where
population mean of Selangor, (root= 838 and soil= 897), (root= 18,050 and soil=
13,056) in Johor, (root= 2341 and soil= 461) Perak and (root= 11,315 and soil= 7,199)
Pahang were recorded. Other plant-parasitic nematodes identified were Rotylenchulus
spp., Meloidogyne spp., Helicotylenchus spp., Hoplolaimus spp. and Radophulus simili.
Pathological reaction of P. coffeae against banana cultivar berangan (Musa paradisica)
multiplications was observed after 12 weeks of growth. There were significant
differences in vegetative growth within the various pathogens inoculation levels
evaluated. Multiplication factors ranged between 1.6-4 in P. coffeae. Reduction in root
length (-23.68 to -84.95), shoot length (-13.11 to -45.80), root weights (-21.30 to -99.85)
and shoot weight (-9.30 to -61.62) lengths were recorded at (P≤ 0.05) level of
probability. Banana cultivar berangan showed high level of susceptibility through the
activity of polyphenol oxidase and peroxidase-induced resistance at all days after
inoculation with P. coffeae compared to the control, except at week 12 where it declined
or non-significant with the control. Our observations from this study, revealed that P.
coffeae is among the most damaging plant-parasitic nematode species associated with
banana in Peninsular Malaysia replacing R. similis, which is seldom reported or localized to a particular area and in low densities, followed by Meloidogyne spp. That it
is common on banana cultivar berangan in this country, and that its geographical
distribution is not restricted. Although the morphological study of the female
populations of P. coffeae from Peninsular Malaysia gave some little variation in
morphology from the reference sources, we resolved that these variations are within the
range of the previously described morphological variations in P. coffeae populations
from other parts of the world, thus, confirming that the isolates were P. coffeae. In
general, the glass house pathogenicity trial of P. coffeae, suppresses vegetative growth
of the banana cultivar berangan significantly. Root lesion indexes showed higher disease
severity at all inoculum levels evaluated. It can be concluded that P. coffeae is widely
distributed and caused significant damage to banana crop in Peninsular Malaysia
Rev. William B. McClain, Dr. Cole, Alhaji Hassan Adamu, and Dr. Calvert Smith at Convocation, circa 1985
No full textRev. William B. McClain, Dr. Cole, Alhaji Hassan Adamu, and Dr. Calvert Smith pose at convocation.The Atlanta University Center Robert W. Woodruff Library acknowledges the generous support of the Council on Library and Information Resources (CLIR) in supporting the processing and digitization of a number of historic collections as part of the project: Our Story: Digitizing Publications and Photographs of the Historically Black Atlanta University Center Institutions.</em
Prevalence of HIV P24 Antigen; A Sensitive Marker among Seronegative Antibody Blood Donors in Some Hospitals Within Kaduna Metropolis, Nigeria
No full textDetecting and monitoring HIV infection is crucial for effective disease management. The p24 antigen serves as an early viral marker in HIV diagnosis. Despite advancements in diagnosis and monitoring, there is a need for a comprehensive assessment of p24 antigen prevalence in HIV cases. Therefore, this study aims to ascertain the prevalence of p24 antigen among a diverse population of blood donors in Kaduna metropolis. The study recruited 261 blood donors aged between 18 and 55 from various blood bank units in the metropolis. Initial HIV status determination utilized the Immune-Chromatographic Determine® HIV rapid test kit, followed by re-screening with UnigoldRecombigen HIV 1 and 2, boasting 99.70% specificity and 100% sensitivity. HIGHTOP (HIV) ELISA test kit was employed to screen HIV antibody-negative blood donors for HIV p24 antigen. Additionally, demographic factors like gender, residency, age, and marital status were taken into account. Results indicated p24 antigen detection in 9 out of 261 blood samples, yielding a prevalence of 3.5%. Conversely, 252 samples tested negative for the antigen, resulting in a prevalence of 96.5%. The study's findings support the assertion that HIV p24 antigen serves as a sensitive marker, advocating for its integration into routine blood donor screening within Kaduna metropolis to enhance HIV infection detection rates
ʿAqīda al-Awwam (Creed of the Commons)
No full textThe entire manuscript is available for download as a single PDF file. Higher-resolution images may be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Mohammed Bara’u Musa & Hauwa Usman (Local Project Managers), Adamu Mohammed, Abacha Kachalla, Abdrra’uf Abdullahi & Falmaa Madu Ibrahim (General Field Facilitators), and Haladu Mamman (Photographer). Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Director African Studies Center), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). These Collections of Fulfulde & Kanuri Ajami materials are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library.
Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).
Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Kurfi, Mustapha Hashim, Ngom, Fallou, and Castro, Eleni (2019). African Ajami Library: Digital Preservation of Fulfulde & Kanuri Ajami Materials of Northeastern Nigeria. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38242. For Inquiries: Please contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Provenance / Custodial history: This manuscript is owned by Alhaji Bashir who was born and bred in Damask in Borno State. The manuscript owner is a graduate of University of Maiduguri, and has a Bachelor’s degree in Linguistics. He said that his interest in Kanuri Ajami is what motivates him to develop a collection of Kanuri Ajami texts. He works for the Borno State government, and maintains his interest in Ajami, especially Kanuri. Alhaji Bashir has extensive Islamic knowledge.This is a small ten-page manuscript in Arabic and Kanuri Ajami titled “ʿAqidā al-Awwam” written in a poetic style. It is a typical classic Islamic jurisprudence instructional document written from the Mālikī school perspective. As with many similar documents, the manuscript begins with praising Allāh followed by a tribute to Prophet Muḥammad, and then delves into the subject matter: a detailed description of Allāh’s characteristics. The manuscript also talks about the many messengers of God, dwelling on the last and final one (Prophet Muḥammad). As part of the discussion on Prophet Muḥammad, the writer also talks about his companions, celebrating them. Kanuri Ajami is used in the glosses. The first date of publication is given (2012CE/1433 AH). The manuscript is unbound and has page numbers.The contents of this collection were developed with support of the Title VI National Resource Center grant # P015A180164 from the U.S. Department of Education. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government
Shurūt al-Ṣalat (Rules of Required Ritual Prayers)
No full textThe entire manuscript is available for download as a single PDF file. Higher-resolution images may be available upon request. For technical assistance, please contact [email protected]. Fieldwork Team: Dr. Mustapha Hashim Kurfi (Principal Investigator), Mohammed Bara’u Musa & Hauwa Usman (Local Project Managers), Adamu Mohammed, Abacha Kachalla, Abdrra’uf Abdullahi & Falmaa Madu Ibrahim (General Field Facilitators), and Haladu Mamman (Photographer). Technical Team: Prof. Fallou Ngom (Director African Studies Center), and Eleni Castro (Technical Lead, BU Libraries). These Collections of Fulfulde & Kanuri Ajami materials are copied as part of the African Studies Center’s African Ajami Library.
Access Condition and Copyright: These materials are subject to copyright. All rights reserved to the author. For use, distribution or reproduction contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).
Citation: Materials in this web edition should be cited as: Kurfi, Mustapha Hashim, Ngom, Fallou, and Castro, Eleni (2019). African Ajami Library: Digital Preservation of Fulfulde & Kanuri Ajami Materials of Northeastern Nigeria. Boston: Boston University Libraries: http://hdl.handle.net/2144/38242. For Inquiries: Please contact Professor Fallou Ngom ([email protected]).Provenance / Custodial history: This manuscript is owned by Alhaji Bashir who was born and raised in Damask in Borno State in northeastern Nigeria. He is a graduate of the University of Maiduguri, and has a Bachelor’s degree in Linguistics. He said that his interest in Kanuri Ajami, coupled with his background (being Kanuri himself and a linguist), has motivated him to develop a collection of Kanuri Ajami texts. Alhaji Bashir has extensive Islamic knowledge and currently works for the Borno State government.This manuscript is an unbound copy of Shurūt al-Ṣalāt (Arabic: Rules of Required Ritual Prayers), with extensive glosses in Kanuri Ajami. As the title suggests, it deals with one of the most important rituals in Islam—al-Ṣalāt (the five required daily prayers) as well as purification of the body and ablution. Written from a Malikī school perspective, the work discusses the conditions and requirements al-Ṣalāt. After a one-sentence introduction, like many foundational instructional materials on Islamic rituals, the main text in Arabic is in a larger font, while the Kanuri Ajami glosses are in a smaller font. The text has both marginal and interlinear glosses. It is a popular work on Islamic jurisprudence in northern Nigeria. It is 14 pages long and is not dated. The pages are numbered.The contents of this collection were developed with support of the Title VI National Resource Center grant # P015A180164 from the U.S. Department of Education. However, those contents do not necessarily represent the policy of the U.S. Department of Education, and you should not assume endorsement by the Federal Government
Classification of Breast Cancer Histopathological Images Using DenseNet and Transfer Learning
No full textBreast cancer is one of the most common invading cancers in women. Analyzing breast cancer is nontrivial and may lead to disagreements among experts. Although deep learning methods achieved an excellent performance in classification tasks including breast cancer histopathological images, the existing state-of-the-art methods are computationally expensive and may overfit due to extracting features from in-distribution images. In this paper, our contribution is mainly twofold. First, we perform a short survey on deep-learning-based models for classifying histopathological images to investigate the most popular and optimized training-testing ratios. Our findings reveal that the most popular training-testing ratio for histopathological image classification is 70%: 30%, whereas the best performance (e.g., accuracy) is achieved by using the training-testing ratio of 80%: 20% on an identical dataset. Second, we propose a method named DenTnet to classify breast cancer histopathological images chiefly. DenTnet utilizes the principle of transfer learning to solve the problem of extracting features from the same distribution using DenseNet as a backbone model. The proposed DenTnet method is shown to be superior in comparison to a number of leading deep learning methods in terms of detection accuracy (up to 99.28% on BreaKHis dataset deeming training-testing ratio of 80%: 20%) with good generalization ability and computational speed. The limitation of existing methods including the requirement of high computation and utilization of the same feature distribution is mitigated by dint of the DenTnet. © 2022 Musa Adamu Wakili et al.open access</p
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