1,720,954 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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Enhanced Delivery of Antibody Therapy Using Focused Ultrasound in a Mouse Model of Parkinson’s Disease
No full textParkinson’s Disease (PD) is the second-most prevalent neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer’s Disease and affects 680,000 US adults over the age of 45 as of 2010 [Marras et al. 2018]. This disease results in a loss of dopaminergic neurons, specifically in the substantia nigra. PD has also been associated with the accumulation of toxic oligomeric variants of alpha-synuclein (-syn). Although there are several medications that can help manage symptoms for PD, there is no cure. We have successfully created antibody reagents that selectively target toxic -syn variants without binding to non-oligomeric forms of normal alpha-synuclein. However, the blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a major obstacle for drug delivery and treatment of PD due to its low permeability to foreign objects. Due to the size of the monoclonal antibody, it is unable to cross the BBB without transporter proteins or temporary disruption of the BBB. This antibody therapy is delivered using novel magnetic resonance guided focused ultrasound (MRgFUS) treatment, which transiently disrupts tight junctions between epithelial cells in the BBB, resulting in gaps large enough for the antibody therapy to cross the BBB. Results indicate that the BBB was successfully opened over multiple timepoints, and the procedure does not cause extensive tissue damage. The results also show that the targeted antibody selectively binds to toxic -syn in regions of the brain where the BBB has been temporarily disrupted. Future work includes longitudinal studies to determine if this treatment combination can delay disease progression or improve quality of life in murine models of Parkinson’s Disease
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Focused Ultrasound-Induced Blood-Brain Barrier Disruption for Targeted Drug Delivery and Therapeutic Treatment of Neurodegenerative Disease
No full textNeurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and Parkinson’s Disease affected an estimated 7.7 million Americans in 2020 (Alzheimer's Disease Facts and Figures, 2024) and has resulted in $392 billion in healthcare-related costs and lost wages (Understanding Parkinson's, 2024).A major obstacle for treatment of neurodegenerative disease is the blood-brain barrier (BBB), a layer of endothelial cells, astrocytes, and tight-junction proteins that prevent most therapeutic agents from crossing into the brain. Focused ultrasound (FUS + MB) with intravascular microbubbles (MB) has been introduced as a novel method of transiently opening the BBB for drug delivery and therapy in neurodegenerative disease. The gold-standard for confirmation of BBB opening after FUS + MB is T1-weighted MRI with gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA) enhancement. While this method provides reliable and accurate localization of BBB opening within the brain, MRI does not have the spatial resolution to resolve local distribution or kinetics of solute delivery to the brain tissue. Currently, it is not established which vessels are opened via FUS + MB or the spatiotemporal distribution of solutes relative to the targeted cells. In this dissertation, in vivo 2-photon microscopy (2PM) was used in combination with MRI FUS + MB to better understand the effect of FUS + MB on tissue microvasculature and parenchymal kinematics. Results from such multimodality experiments are presented, where FUS + MB, MRI and 2PM are carried out in the brains of mice to investigate the effects of FUS + MB on microvasculature and the movement of molecules across the blood-brain barrier in healthy and disease-model mice
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