1,720,973 research outputs found
Peacebuilding or ‘UN-building’? African Institutional Responses to the Peacebuilding Commission
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Previous issue date: 200
Where global meets local: The politics of Africa’s emergent gender equality regime
No full textthe chapter discusses Africa's emergent gender regime which is supported by a human rights discourse. it underscores the specific contexts within which the discourse on gender equality has been restricted
Where global meets local:The politics of Africa's emergent gender equality regime
No full textThis chapter attempts to examine the implications of these frameworks on the design and conduct of Africa's trade policy in the global trade arena. Africa has been actively involved in the two routes that have emerged in the conduct of international trade among nations. The chapter assesses the impact of this transition. The interaction of African states with the multilateral trade regime can be examined from two perspectives: the institutional aspect and the perspective of specific trade issues that are of paramount importance to the continent. The Agreement on Agriculture (AOA) came into being as part of the Uruguay Round of negotiations. Its objective is to establish a fair and market-oriented agricultural trading system. The agreement covers basic agricultural products as well as products derived from them. The 'new trade issues' discussed above are, in a way, manifestations of the long-standing debate on 'development vs. free trade' in the context of the multilateral trading system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Developing the African Union transitional justice policy: a study in the practice(s) of expertise in international relations
No full textTransitional justice has shifted from a domestic policy issue towards one that is also an international relations issue. Consequently, transitional justice debates now also focus on issues of sovereignty, interventionism and postcolonialism. This is been nowhere more the case than in Africa, where donors and international partners are perceived to hold outsized influence and where historical and political contexts are such that sovereignty, independence, and African ownership are key to the normative commitments of many governments and intergovernmental structures.
A striking example of this is the contested debate around the influence of the International Criminal Court in Africa. The Court is seen by many as a symbol of undemocratic global governance. The debate around the role of international and African actors, norms, approaches and priorities, however, also plays out in other transitional justice contexts. African governments have responded to this through various degrees of (non)cooperation with international institutions, but they have also sought to strengthen the continental infrastructure relating to transitional justice. This has culminated in the adoption in 2019 of the African Transitional Justice Policy which aims to provide guidance to governments and societies undergoing transitional justice processes.
During the ten-year process of developing the policy, which was led by the South African Center for the Study of Violence and Reconciliation and the Department of Political Affairs of the African Union Commission, considerable emphasis was put not only on political sovereignty but also on epistemic sovereignty: The policy process relied almost exclusively on African expertise in a bid to challenge not only international interventionism but also the marginalized role many African experts continue to play in the global field of transitional justice.
This thesis takes the concept of expertise as its entry point to study the development of the African Union Transitional Justice Policy as an example of transnational policymaking in International Relations. Taking a practice approach to the analysis this thesis studies expertise as a practice that mediates between knowledge and power and which operates between agency and structures. In other words, the conceptual framework employed here assumes that expertise is structurally contingent, but that it is also a way of exercising agency vis-à-vis these structures. The AUTJP is an apt example for the study of transnational transitional justice policymaking as it is not only one of the few regional transitional justice policies, but, more importantly, it is a process at the intersection of Africa’s international relations and its domestic politics. It is through this African Union policy that member states seek to challenge internationalized, criminal accountability-focused transitional justice models, civil society seeks to challenge the impunity of African governments and their own marginalization in global and African transitional justice debates, and the AUC seeks to carve out a new policy area in which to claim a role.
This thesis adds important insights to the transitional justice scholarship. It complexifies the concept and practice of expertise in the field of transitional justice which has hitherto been discussed largely as an actor attribute that authorizes and legitimates the role especially of international actors. It also shows that transitional justice is embedded in international politics and global power structures, but that it is also a site of contestation of these structures. The practice(s) of expertise both constitute and challenge these structures
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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