1,720,963 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Modelo murino comparativo pediátrico de injuria renal aguda isquémica y descripción histopatológica en tres grupos etarios
Full text linkLa lesión renal aguda (LRA) sigue siendo un serio problema clínico para los niños hospitalizados en las Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Pediátrico (UCIP) y su ocurrencia va en aumento, con una incidencia variable, que va de 4.5 – 85%, dependiendo de la definición usada y un riesgo 2 – 3 veces mayor de mortalidad que quienes no la desarrollan. La lesión renal isquémica ocurre a menudo en el contexto de un fallo multiorgánico, choque, hipovolemia y sepsis y sus principales componentes fisiopatológicos, descritos tanto en modelos animales como en humanos adultos implican múltiples alteraciones. Sin embargo, a pesar de diversos avances en este sentido, no se conoce si el comportamiento fisiopatológico en la población pediátrica es similar y si en consecuencia la identificación, evolución e intervención de la LRA podrían ser comparables. Una mejor comprensión de los procesos celulares subyacentes a la lesión y reparación renal podrían traducirse en el diseño de terapias más específicas para prevenir la lesión, acelerar la reparación, y minimizar la enfermedad renal crónica progresiva. Se necesitan descripciones histopatológicas en niños para conocer si podrían igualmente beneficiarse de las mismas medidas de prevención y tratamiento dirigidas a ésta grave patología. Se realizó un experimento no controlado, utilizando modelos murinos del Bioterio de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia de la Universidad Nacional de Colombia, se realizó clampeo de la arteria renal, con el fin de evaluar los mecanismos subyacentes de isquemia, posteriormente se permitió la reperfusión, para determinar los efectos de esta. Con el fin de correlacionar con los pacientes pediátricos, que presentan disfunción renal en LRA. Se analizaron un total de 30 ratas, las cuales se distribuyeron según la edad de forma equitativa adicionalmente se tomaron de cada grupo 5 casos y 5 controles. Se realizó análisis patológico a 45 especímenes, con hallazgos variables. Se clasificaron las características histopatológicas utilizando la escala de Goujon. Los hallazgos encontrados en el modelo murino estudiado acerca de la medición de la creatinina, son concordantes con lo evidenciado en la literatura, acerca de no ser un marcador ideal de la función renal, existiendo así otros marcadores más sensibles a la injuria renal. Llama la atención, en el modelo histopatológico, el hallazgo de necrosis adrenal como posible efecto protector en la lesión por isquemia/ reperfusión planteando futuros estudios e intervenciones en este campo.Abstract Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a serious clinical problem for children hospitalized in the Pediatric Intensive Care Units (PICU) and its occurrence is increasing, with a variable incidence, ranging from 4.5 - 85%, depending on the definition used, and with a mortality risk 2-3 times higher than those who did not develop. The ischemic kidney injury often occurs in the context of multiple organ failure, shock, hypovolemia and sepsis and its main pathophysiological components described both in animal models and in adult humans involving multiple alterations. However, despite many advances in this sense, it is not known if the physiopathological behavior in the pediatric population is similar and if consequently the identification, development and involvement of the AKI could be comparable. A better understanding of the cellular processes underlying the renal injury and repair could lead to the design of more specific therapies to prevent injury, speed up repair and minimize the progressive chronic kidney disease. Histopathological descriptions are needed to determine whether children could also benefit from those measures aimed at preventing and treating this serious condition. An uncontrolled experiment was performed using murine models of the Veterinary Medicine and Animal Husbandry of the Universidad Nacional de Colombia, clamping of the renal artery was performed in order to assess the underlying mechanisms of ischemia-reperfusion, to correlate with pediatric patients with renal dysfunction ARI. A total of 30 rats were tested, equally age distributed in group of 5 cases and 5 controls. Pathological analysis of 45 specimens, with variable findings was performed. The histopathologic features were classified using the scale of Goujon. The findings in creatinine levels are consistent with that observed in the literature, but not be an ideal marker of renal function and therefore existing other more sensitive renal injury markers. It draws to our attention, the findings of adrenal necrosis as a possible protective effect on ischemia-reperfusion considering future studies and interventions in this field.Otr
Evaluación fisiológica de marcadores convencionales de función renal utilizados para el diagnóstico temprano de lesión renal aguda en pacientes pediátricos críticos
Full text linkEl diagnóstico funcional de la lesión renal aguda basado en creatinina sérica tiene serias limitaciones en su interpretación pues se encuentra influenciado por diversos factores, además de que se eleva tardíamente respecto al momento del insulto, lo cual retrasa la oportunidad de iniciar una intervención terapéutica efectiva. Bajo ésta problemática han surgido entonces, nuevos marcadores biológicos tanto séricos como urinarios que han mostrado ser prometedores en el diagnóstico temprano de la lesión renal aguda en las Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Pediátrico (UCIP). Sin embargo, éstos novedosos marcadores no son de fácil disponibilidad ni uso rutinario en Colombia, lo cual no nos permite considerarlos aún como parte de nuestros métodos de diagnóstico. Se hace necesario entonces, identificar el comportamiento de diferentes marcadores convencionales tanto séricos como urinarios para detectar tempranamente los cambios de la función renal que afectan a los niños que ingresan a una UCIP. Ésta revisión pretende describir diferentes pruebas novedosas de función renal desde el punto de vista fisiológico y compararlas con los estándares actuales en el diagnóstico de la lesión renal aguda.Abstract. The functional diagnosis of an acute renal injury based on serum creatinine has serious limitations in its interpretation, as it is influenced by several factors. Furthermore, the rise in creatinine occurs late with respect to the timing of the injury, which delays the opportunity of starting an effective therapeutic intervention. Based on this premise, new biological markers in both serum and urine have been researched, which seem to be promising for the early diagnosis of acute renal injury in the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU). However, these new markers are not easily accessible, nor routinely used in Colombia, which, for the time being, does not allow us to consider them as part of our diagnostic methods. Therefore, it becomes necessary to identify the behavior of different conventional markers in both serum and urine, in order to be able to detect in an early manner the changes in kidney function that affect the children admitted to the PICU. The purpose of this review is to describe different novel kidney function tests, from a physiologic point of view, and compare them with the current standards, in the diagnosis of acute kidney injury.Maestrí
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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