1,721,137 research outputs found
Recent Advances in Treating Psychiatric Disorders in Children and Adolescents: From Theory to Practice
Full text linkAcute-on-chronic liver failure: A complex clinical entity in patients with autoimmune hepatitis
No full textIn their comprehensive and stimulating review, Moreau et al. report the distinctive features of “acute-on-chronic liver failure” (ACLF) based on different geographic definitions (European,North American, Chinese, Asian Pacific) and suggest that ACLF should be considered a unique clinical syndrome.1 However, in discussing hallmarks, causes and precipitating factors of ACLF, they do not consider the case of autoimmune hepatitis (AIH), which can initiate as acute hepatitis in more than 40% of cases.2 It is well recognized that AIH patients may develop ACLF either as hyperacute exacerbation of undiagnosed or misdiagnosed AIH, or in response to a second exogenous insult (viral, drug-induced, toxic) on typical AIH, possibly favored by long-term immunosuppression
Predictors of nonresponse to psychosocial treatment in children and adolescents with disruptive behavior diisorders
No full textPredictors of nonresponse to psychosocial treatment in children and adolescents
with disruptive behavior disorders.
Masi G, Manfredi A, Milone A, Muratori P, Polidori L, Ruglioni L, Muratori F.
IRCCS Stella Maris, Scientific Institute of Child Neurology and Psychiatry ,
Calambrone, Pisa, Italy.
OBJECTIVE: A crucial issue in youths with disruptive behavior disorders,
including oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder, is the
refractoriness to treatments. A multimodal approach with individual therapy to
improve social skills and self-control and family and school interventions is the
best psychosocial treatment. Predictors of poor response to psychosocial
treatment remain understudied. We aimed at exploring whether callous (lack of
empathy and guilt) and unemotional (shallow emotions) (CU) trait and type of
aggression (predatory vs. affective) can affect response to psychosocial
treatment in referred youths with disruptive behavior disorders.
METHODS: The sample consisted of 38 youths (28 boys and 10 girls, age range: 6-14
years, mean age: 13.1 ± 2.6 years) diagnosed as having oppositional defiant
disorder or conduct disorder according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of
Mental Disorders, 4th edition (DSM-IV) criteria and a clinical interview (Kiddie
Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age
Children-Present and Lifetime Version), who completed a 6-month therapeutic
program at our hospital. Patients were assessed according to severity and
improvement (Clinical Global Impressions-Severity score [CGI-S] and
CGI-Improvement score), functional impairment (Children's Global Assessment Scale
[C-GAS]), type of aggression, predatory versus affective (Aggression
Questionnaire), and CU dimension (Antisocial Process Screening Device and the
Inventory of CU Traits).
RESULTS: Among the 38 patients, 21 (55.3%) were responders and 17 (44.7%) were
nonresponders, according to CGI-Improvement score and CGI-S. Nonresponders were
more impaired at the baseline according to CGI-S and C-GAS. Nonresponders
presented higher scores of predatory aggression, whereas affective aggression did
not differ between groups. Nonresponders presented higher scores in CU trait of
Antisocial Process Screening Device and in Inventory of CU total score (callous
trait), but these differences did not survive Bonferroni correction.
CONCLUSIONS: Severity at the baseline and predatory aggression are negative
predictors of psychosocial treatment, but the role of the callous trait needs
more exploration in larger samples. Further research may increase our diagnostic
and prognostic capacities, thus improving our treatment strategies
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Child Behavior Checklist Dysregulation Profile in Children with Disruptive Behavior Disorders: a Longitudinal Study.
No full textIs emotional dysregulation a risk indicator for self-harm behaviors in adolescents with Oppositional Defiant Disorder?
No full textDiagnostic role of anti-dsDNA antibodies: do not forget autoimmune hepatitis
No full textIn their Review, Pisetsky and Lipsky highlight the clinical role of antinuclear antibody (ANA) testing in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and properly state that anti-double-stranded
DNA (dsDNA) antibodies are highly specific for the diagnosis of SLE; however, they refer to two papers that do not take into account the widely and historically recognized presence of these autoantibodies in individuals with autoimmune hepatitis. In this regard, we would like to discuss that knowledge of anti-dsDNA antibody positivity in autoimmune hepatitis dates back to 1956 when, because of the similarities to SLE, Mackay et al. proposed that this chronic liver disease be named ‘lupoid hepatitis’
Psychiatric evaluation of youths with Disruptive Behavior Disorders and Callous Unemotional Traits: a critical review of assessment measures
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