625 research outputs found
Dr. Yucel Yanikdag – Faculty Author Interview
No full textDr. Yucel Yanikdag, Associate Professor of History discusses his new book, Healing the Nation: Prisoners of War, Medicine and Nationalism in Turkey, 1914-1939, published recently by Edinburgh University Press. In this book, he explores how Ottoman prisoners of war and military doctors of the First World War discursively constructed their nation as a community, and at the same time attempted to exclude certain groups from that nation. Yanikdag aims to broaden the discussion of nationalism to explore how ideological and biological factors influenced each other
Neuronal, physiological and brain–behavioural abnormalities in opiate-addicted individuals
No full textIllustrated are the group level dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC) BOLD activation maps and the spatial location of the volume localized proton-MRS (superimposed in blue) on a sagittaly oriented structural MR image (MNI, Talairach brain) for healthy controls (panel a) and opiate-dependent subject (panel b). While both groups activated the dACC to comparable levels, the opiate-using group (i) failed to show the expected correlations between dACC physiological activity and behavioural measures of control (that is, response errors) shown by the control group, (ii) had significantly increased task-related activation of fronto-parietal and cerebellar regions to achieve a comparable level of behavioural control as healthy controls and (iii) exhibited significantly reduced concentrations of N-acetylaspartate (NAA) and glutamate/glutamine (Glx) within the dACC (panel c; horizontal bars represent mean values). Taken together, these findings suggest that neuronal abnormalities and a breakdown of normal brain–behaviour relationships within the dACC of opiate addicted individuals may result in the recruitment of a compensatory network of brain regions in situations requiring behavioural control. For more information on this topic, please see the article by Yucel et al. on pp 691–702
Intervening early to reduce developmentally harmful substance use among youth populations
No full textBefore the Neolithic in the Aegean: The Pleistocene and the Early Holocene record of Bozburun - Southwest Turkey
No full textThe renewed Mesolithic research in the Greek mainland and the
islands has been providing new insights into the lively maritime
activity within the region; however, the southwest coast of Turkey
has been virtually devoid of related investigations until the commencement of the Bozburun Prehistoric Survey project in 2017. The
aim of this paper is to give an overview of the prehistoric sites discovered at the Bozburun Peninsula during the 2017–2019 field seasons. Preliminary results indicate that the area is rich in prehistoric
activity. While Middle Paleolithic chipped stone industries were identified at the sites of Kayabas ̧ı Cave, C ̧akmak, and Sobalak, flake based
microlithic chipped stone industries typical of the Aegean Late
Pleistocene and Early Holocene were identified at the sites of Sarnıc ̧,
Hurma, Sobalak, Zeytinlik, and C ̧akmak. A variety of artifacts, suggestive of the Neolithic, were also recorded at the sites of Hurma,
Zeytinlik, and possibly at Sobalak and Sarnıc ̧. In specific, the presence of carinated end-scrapers, burins and polyhedric cores at
Sarnıc ̧, as well as some geometric microliths at Hurma, demonstrates
that Bozburun was frequented during the Upper Paleolithic and the
Epipaleolithic. The presence of a few geometric microliths made on
Melos obsidian at Hurma also demonstrates that the region was connected to the Aegean obsidian network routes at least by the beginning of the Holocene. If our relative dating is correct, this constitutes the earliest known use of Melos obsidian in the Anatolian mainland
A New Method for the Prevention of Pre-Analytical Errors due to Hemolysis: Intensive Training
No full textConclusions: The IT method is effective in preventing hemolysis-induced pre-analytical errors
Profiles of problematic pornography use and religiosity-based moral incongruence using latent profile analysis: a two-sample study
No full textBackground and aims: recent taxonomies propose that pornography-related problems may arise from problematic pornography use (PPU) and/or moral incongruence (MI). Although religiosity is often viewed as a key factor in MI, religious-based MI has not yet been explicitly examined within these taxonomies, which we address herein. Methods: using latent profile analysis of self-report data obtained, we examined distinct and overlapping profiles of PPU and religiosity-based MI in two online samples of male pornography users from the United States (N = 1,356, Mage = 36.86, SD = 11.26) and United Kingdom (N = 944, Mage = 38.69, SD = 12.26).Results: Three classes (15–25% of each sample) showed elevated PPU and/or religiosity-based MI: ‘At risk for religiosity-based MI’ (4–8%), ‘At risk for PPU’ (6–10%), and ‘At risk for co-occurring PPU and religiosity-based MI’ (6–8%). Unlike the two groups with elevated PPU, the group with religious-based MI group did not report heightened psychological distress or treatment-seeking tendencies. Respondents were otherwise classified as “not at risk” (40–47%) “low risk” (27–28%), or moderate-severity PPU (14%, Sample 2 only).Discussion and conclusions: although the observed heterogeneity validates a taxonomy of PPU and religiosity-based MI, our findings challenge the assumption of elevated psychological distress and treatment-seeking tendencies among individuals with religiosity-based MI. Future research should further examine the clinical relevance of religiosity-based MI and extend these findings to broader (e.g., clinical, culturally diverse) samples.<br/
Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Score is an Independent Predictor of Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Patients with Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
No full textObjectiveNonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and impaired left ventricular (LV) function, yet the impact of NAFLD on right ventricular (RV) function remains unclear. We investigate the RV functional properties in patients with NAFLD. MethodsNinety consecutive patients with the diagnosis of biopsy-proven NAFLD and 45 age- and sex-matched controls were included. All patients underwent an echocardiographic examination. RV function was evaluated by two-dimensional (2D) speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE). ResultsMean fibrosis stage and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH) scores were 1.31.1 and 5.2 +/- 1.6, respectively. NAFLD patients displayed decreased RV function compared to controls. NAFLD patients with liver fibrosis (67 patients) had significantly lower RV function assessed by GLS (global longitudinal strain) compared to patients without liver fibrosis (18.9 +/- 3.4% vs. 21.6 +/- 2.3%, P<0.001). NASH score 5 was associated with lower RV-GLS (18.9 +/- 3.1% vs. 21.0 +/- 3.4%, P=0.006). NASH score inversely correlated with RV-GLS (r=-0.370, P<0.001) such as patients with impaired RV-GLS (<19%) showed significantly higher NASH score compared to normal RV-GLS group (5.8 +/- 1.4 vs. 4.8 +/- 1.7, P=0.009). Logistic regression analysis revealed that NASH score was an independent predictor of impaired RV function in patients with NAFLD. ConclusionsPatients with NAFLD have impaired RV function. NASH score inversely correlates with RV-GLS and independently predicts impaired RV function in patients with NAFLD
Arterial stiffness in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is related to fibrosis stage and epicardial adipose tissue thickness
No full textObjective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is associated with atherosclerosis and reduced vascular compliance. The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between arterial stiffness measures, the histological severity of NAFLD, and epicardial fat thickness (EFT). Methods: A total of 100 patients with biopsy-proven NAFLD and 50 age-and sex-matched controls were enrolled. The histological severity was assessed in all NAFLD patients. Measurements of arterial stiffness [pulse-wave velocity (PWV) and augmentation index (AIx)] were carried out using a Mobil-O-Graph arteriograph system. EFT was assessed by means of echocardiography. Results: Compared with controls, NAFLD patients had significantly higher PWV and AIx values. Stepwise linear regression analysis demonstrated that the liver fibrosis score and EFT were independent predictors of both PWV and AIx values in NAFLD patients. Conclusions: Patients with NAFLD have an increased arterial stiffness, which reflects both the severity of liver fibrosis and increased EFT values. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved
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