1,720,962 research outputs found
Chronic pain in in survivors of critical illness: prevalence and associated psychological disorders
No full textScopo. Studiare la prevalenza e le caratteristiche del dolore cronico nei pazienti dimessi dalla terapia intensiva ed esaminare l'associazione tra dolore e disturbi psicologici. Metodi. Lo studio è stato condotto in una terapia intensiva (TI) italiana. Sei mesi dopo la dimissione dalla TI, i pazienti sono stati richiamati per un’intervista per valutare il dolore cronico (DC), l'intensità del dolore, la posizione del dolore e l'interferenza del dolore con le attività di vita quotidiana. Durante l’intervista è stata somministrata una batteria di test psicometrici per valutare ansia, depressione, insonnia, fatigue e disturbo da stress posttraumatico (PTSD). Risultati. Un totale di 143 pazienti sono stati intervistati e 34 pazienti (23.8%) hanno riferito dolore. Il 70.6% degli intervistati che soffrivano di DC erano donne (p <.001). Le aree di dolore più comuni erano la spalla (16.1%), arti inferiori (11.9%) e l’area lombare (11.2%). Il maggior numero di pazienti in DC (n= 14) ha avuto dolore in 4 o più regioni anatomiche. La prevalenza di dolore cronico, ansia, depressione, insonnia, fatigue e PTSD è stata rispettivamente del 23.8%, 9.1%, 13.3%, 4.2%, 5.6% e 2.1%. L'analisi multivariata ha indicato associazioni significative tra dolore cronico e ansia (p = .003), depressione (p = .015) e insonnia (p = .027). C'è stato un grande uso di analgesici e farmaci antinfiammatori non steroidei (FANS) per il trattamento del dolore in 19 pazienti (55.9%). Discussione. Il DC sembra associato ad alcuni disturbi psicologici osservati 6 mesi dopo una degenza. In futuro, sono necessari studi che indagano sugli interventi per prevenire il dolore cronico postterapia intensiva
Pain prevalence, severity, assessment and management in hospitalized adult patients: a result of a multicenter cross sectional study
No full textINTRODUCTION:
The measurement of pain prevalence among the patients admitted to hospital, estimated that pain remains a common problem for patients.
METHODS:
This is a multi-center cross sectional study carried out in Italian Hospitals, where data was collected in only one day. All patients aged at least 18 years, hospitalized able or unable to communicate, were eligible to be included in the study. Patients with curarization or quadriplegia (any cause) were excluded.
RESULTS:
Some hospitals and residential structures took part in our research, 26 centers in total. Pain prevalence has been observed in 268 patients (38%) (95% CI = 34%-41%) (range within wards 31-47%). Women are at higher risk than men (RR = 1.59, 95% CI = 1.29-1.95). Pain prevalence was more observed at 10.9 (+ 1.46) days after surgery. Severe pain has been observed in 148 (21.2%) cases. Pain was managed in 223 (83.2%) cases, and it was predominantly treated with the administration of paracetamol (n = 55; 24.7%) within 30 minutes after having ascertained the presence of pain.
CONCLUSIONS:
Pain is reported by about 4 out of 10 adults, with a higher prevalence of cases in women, and its appearance does not depend on the care setting. In order to assess the prevalence of pain carefully, an Italian study that involves all regions and a large number of the centers may be necessary
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Mindfulness-based stress reduction for chronic pain and health-related quality of life after intensive care unit discharge
Full text linkAim: To test the efficacy of a mindfulness-based stress reduction (MBSR) program on pain management and on quality of life among chronic pain patients discharged from the intensive care unit (ICU). Methods: A mindfulness-based stress reduction intervention, aimed at improving pain management was implemented in a sample of 43 survivors of critical illness who suffered from chronic pain at an ICU. In this observational study, data were collected before (T0= 12 months after ICU discharge) and after the adoption of a MBSR program (T1 = 10 months after intervention). The Brief Pain Inventory-Short Form (BPI-SF) and EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) were used. Results: The Brief Pain Inventory showed a significant reduction in worst pain in the last 24 h (p< .001), least pain in the last 24 h (p = .011), pain on average (p < .001), and in terms of pain interference with mood (p = .002) and with sleep (p < .001). EQ-5D showed a significant reduction in the perception of moderate or extreme pain/discomfort (p = .009) and moderate to severe problems with anxiety/depression (p = .031). Conclusion: MBSR program seems to improve chronic pain intensity and to reduce the negative interference of pain on quality of life. Although the results are statistically significant, they do not appear to be clinically relevant. However, further studies with larger sample sizes and control groups are needed. (www.actabiomedica.it)
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Un punto di svolta mancato. Hans Georg von der Gabelentz
No full textPunto di incontro della linguistica comparativa e della tipologia, la interpretaizone che Gabelentz propone dei dati lingusitici porta a una interpretazione storicistica e formalizzata
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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