1,720,964 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Immunocompetence in young and old laying hens in response to dietary folic acid and Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide challenge
No full textWe investigated the effects of dietary folic acid and age, on immunological parameters in laying hens challenged with LPS. 48 Shaver White hens at different ages were fed 2 wheat-soybean based diets with 0 or 4 mg supplemental FA per kg of diet for 8 wk. 6 hens from each dietary treatment were injected with 8 mg/kg body weight of LPS or saline and observed for 4 h. A few diet X challenge interaction were observed in young hens, whereas FA and LPS independently influenced a number of parameters. In older hens, there were very few diet X challenge interactions as well as effects of FA, whereas LPS affected several parameters. In conclusion, dietary FA influenced some immune responses in younger hens, but no such effects were observed in older hens. FA may modulate immune responses in laying hens under acute LPS challenge which could be tissue and age dependent.October 201
Gut microbiota profile and immune responses in piglet and mice models of inflammatory bowel disease: The impact of antepartum use of antibiotics, prebiotics and probiotics
Full text linkA major challenge facing scientists is to find a full understanding of the factors behind inflammatory bowel disease’ [IBD; including ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn’s disease (CD)] pathogenesis and optimal treatment. This is demonstrated by the fact that despite many years of research, IBD is still an idiopathic disease whose cure is far from reach. IBD is currently recognized as a global burden and could be due to genetic, environmental, microbiota or immune-related factors. The gut microbiota co-evolve with the host and therefore play an important role in the development and maturation of the immune system. Hence, changes in the composition, distribution and functional activities of the gut microbiota might predispose to IBD. In five studies, the role of adherent invasive Escherichia coli (AIEC) strain UM146 and antepartum antibiotics on gut microbiota dysbiosis and susceptibility to colitis, and therapeutic impact of prebiotics (resistant starch; RS) and probiotics (E. coli UM 2 & 7), in mice and pig models of colitis were investigated. Weaner pigs received 1 % degraded carrageenan gum (CG) for 21 days and were inoculated with AIEC on day 8. CG-induced colitis caused bacterial dysbiosis similar to observations in IBD patients; however, AIEC did not show clear impacts. In the second study, weaner pigs received 1 % CG for 21 days and RS and the E. coli probiotics therapies were administered from day 8 until end of the study. Inclusion of RS and E. coli probiotics showed minimal effects in modulation of bacterial dysbiosis and inflammation. The third study investigated protective and therapeutic effects of RS in a 40-day experiment. Inclusion of RS modulated inflammation, histological damage and bacterial dysbiosis. The fourth study investigated impact of 5 % dextran sodium sulphate (DSS)-induced colitis in mice for 5 days; DSS caused inflammation and bacterial dysbiosis. In the last study, pregnant mice were injected with antibiotic cefazolin (160 mg/kg bw) 6 days before due date and the offspring were exposed to 4 % DSS-induced colitis at 7 weeks of age. Antepartum antibiotics influenced offspring intestinal bacterial colonization predisposing them to colitis later in life. Overall, this work demonstrates the critical role of DSS/CG-induced colitis and antepartum antibiotics in disrupting existing or initial composition of gut microbiota, and the role this disruption might play in the development of IBD. Also, the work highlights significant role of RS in IBD treatment and hold implications and potential for advancement in the management of IBD.May 201
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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