1,720,987 research outputs found
Hospital and community based psychiatry: A comparative study between a Danish and an Italian psychiatric service
No full textCompared incidence rates and diagnoses of mental illness in an institution-based psychiatric service in Denmark (DK) and a community-based service in Italy (IY); both municipalities are served by a single psychiatric facility. Use of the services by both populations was studied, and all admissions and most contacts in 1982 were compared. The treatment approach in IY was based on involvement of the patients' families. The observed incidence of mental illness was similar in both areas at about 20 per 10,000 inhabitants. Admissions were much higher in DK; referrals to care in the community were much higher in IY. Manic-depressive psychosis was more frequently diagnosed in DK, while depressive neurosis was more commonly found in IY. Those with psychogeriatric disorders in IY were more often treated at home or in geriatric wards. Private hospitals were more often used in IY than in DK. (PsycLIT Database Copyright 1988 American Psychological Assn, all rights reserved
Cancer incidence in patients with schizophrenia and their first-degree relatives - a meta-analysis
No full textObjective: Controversy concerning cancer incidence in schizophrenia exists because of heterogeneous study findings
European Psychiatric Association guidance on the quality of mental health services
No full textThe main aim of this guidance of the European Psychiatric Association is to provide evidence-based recommendations on the quality of mental health services in Europe. The recommendations were derived from a systematic search of the best available evidence in the scientific literature, supplemented by information from documents retrieved upon reviewing the identified articles. While most recommendations could be based on empirical studies (although of varying quality), some had to be based on expert opinion alone, but were deemed necessary as well. Another limitation was that the wide variety of service models and service traditions for the mentally ill worldwide often made generalisations difficult. In spite of these limitations, we arrived at 30 recommendations covering structure, process and outcome quality both on a generic and a setting-specific level. Operationalisations for each recommendation with measures to be considered as denominators and numerators are given as well to suggest quality indicators for future benchmarking across European countries. Further pan-European research will need to show whether the implementation of this guidance will lead to improved quality of mental healthcare, and may help to develop useful country-specific cutoffs for the suggested quality indicators
European Psychiatric Association (EPA) guidance on quality assurance in mental healthcare
No full textPURPOSE: To advance the quality of mental healthcare in Europe by developing guidance on implementing quality assurance. METHODS: We performed a systematic literature search on quality assurance in mental healthcare and the 522 retrieved documents were evaluated by two independent reviewers (B.J. and J.Z.). Based on these evaluations, evidence tables were generated. As it was found that these did not cover all areas of mental healthcare, supplementary hand searches were performed for selected additional areas. Based on these findings, fifteen graded recommendations were developed and consented by the authors. Review by the EPA Guidance Committee and EPA Board led to two additional recommendations (on immigrant mental healthcare and parity of mental and physical healthcare funding). RESULTS: Although quality assurance (measures to keep a certain degree of quality), quality control and monitoring (applying quality indicators to the current degree of quality), and quality management (coordinated measures and activities with regard to quality) are conceptually distinct, in practice they are frequently used as if identical and hardly separable. There is a dearth of controlled trials addressing ways to optimize quality assurance in mental healthcare. Altogether, seventeen recommendations were developed addressing a range of aspects of quality assurance in mental healthcare, which appear usable across Europe. These were divided into recommendations about structures, processes and outcomes. Each recommendation was assigned to a hierarchical level of analysis (macro-, meso- and micro-level). DISCUSSION: There was a lack of evidence retrievable by a systematic literature search about quality assurance of mental healthcare. Therefore, only after further topics and search had been added it was possible to develop recommendations with mostly medium evidence levels. CONCLUSION: Evidence-based graded recommendations for quality assurance in mental healthcare were developed which should next be implemented and evaluated for feasibility and validity in some European countries. Due to the small evidence base identified corresponding to the practical obscurity of the concept and methods, a European research initiative is called for by the stakeholders represented in this Guidance to improve the educational, methodological and empirical basis for a future broad implementation of measures for quality assurance in European mental healthcare
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Urban-Rural Differences in Major Mental Health Conditions
Get PDFIn this chapter, we review the evidence for rural-urban and spatial variation of three major sets of mental health disorders: schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders, common mental disorders including depression and anxiety, and suicide. For each, we review the recent literature which has addressed these issues and report the main strengths and limitations of the available evidence. The most consistent evidence for rural-urban gradients in mental health risk are found to exist for schizophrenia and suicide, with more mixed evidence in relation to common mental disorders. For schizophrenia and suicide, we go on to review the major hypotheses that have been put forward to account for rural-urban variation in risk
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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