1,721,001 research outputs found
Endometrial stromal tumors of the uterus: Epidemiology, pathological and biological features, treatment options and clinical outcomes
No full textEndometrial stromal tumors (EST) are uterine mesenchymal tumors, which histologically resemble endometrial stroma of the functioning endometrium. The majority of EST are malignant tumors classified as low-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (LG-ESS), high-grade endometrial stromal sarcoma (HG-ESS), and undifferentiated uterine sarcoma (UUS).Overall, ESTs are rare malignancies, with an annual incidence of approximately 0.30 per 100'000 women, mainly affecting peri-or postmenopausal women. The most common genetic alteration identified in LG-ESS is the JAZF1-SUZ12 rearrangement, while t(10;17) (q23,p13) translocation and BCOR gene abnormalities characterize two major subtypes of HG-ESS. The absence of specific genetic abnormalities is the actual hallmark of UUS. Unlike HG-ESSs, LG-ESSs usually express estrogen and progesterone receptors.Total hysterectomy without morcellation and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (BSO) is the first-line treatment of early-stage LG-ESS. Ovarian preservation, fertility-sparing treatment, and adjuvant hormonal therapy +/- radiotherapy may be an option in selected cases. In advanced or recurrent LG-ESS, surgical cytoreduction followed by hormonal treatment, or vice versa, are acceptable treatments. The standard treatment for apparently early-stage HG-ESS and UUS is total hysterectomy without morcellation with BSO. Ovarian preservation and adjuvant chemotherapy +/- radiotherapy may be an option. In advanced or recurrent HG-ESS, surgical cytoreduction and neoadjuvant or adjuvant chemotherapy can be considered. Alternative treatments, including biological agents and immunotherapy, are under investigation.LG-ESSs are indolent tumorwith a 5-year overall survival (OS) of 80-100% and present as stage I-II at diagnosis in two third of patients. HG-ESSs carry a poor prognosis, with amedian OS ranging from 11 to 24 months, and 70% of patients are in stage III-IV at presentation. UUS median OS ranges from 12 to 23 months and, at diagnosis, 70% of patients are in stage III-IV. The aimof this reviewis to assess the clinical, pathological, and biological features and the therapeutic options for malignant ESTs. (c) 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved
Progestins for symptomatic endometriosis: Results of clinical studies
No full textProgestins, which are synthetic progestational compounds, have been used in the management of symptomatic endometriosis, both as primary therapy and as an adjunct to surgery. Several oral compounds have been used for this purpose, and different degrees of benefits have been shown. The lack of a standardized instrument to evaluate painful symptoms makes comparative analysis very difficult. We performed a systematic search of the Pubmed database from January 1980 to January 2015. The database used the term “endometriosis” as the relevant medical subject heading; selected sub- headings were “progestins”, “medical therapy”, “” and “randomized controlled trials”, “controlled trials”, “case-control studies”, and “descriptive studies”. We aimed to review all available trials in order to investigate the medical treatment of endometriosis solely with progestins, with special attention to pharmacodynamic activity. The drugs studied were cyproterone acetate, norethisterone acetate, medroxyprogesterone acetate, levonorgestrel, etonogestrel, dienogest, and selective progesterone receptor modulators. However, it is very difficult to reach a definitive conclusion because most trials were small, retrospective, and uncontrolled. Nevertheless, it is clear that progestins are generally safe, effective, and well tolerated and should be considered as the first line of medical treatment in symptomatic endometriosis provided the patients have no desire for pregnancy
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Incisional Recurrences After Endometrial Cancer Surgery
No full textAim: The aim of the present study was to estimate the incisional recurrence (IR) rate after endometrial cancer (EC) staging surgery and analyze characteristics of affected patients. Patients and Methods: We retrospectively searched for patients with EC at 2 institutions and analyzed the occurrence of IR after open, laparoscopic, or robotic surgery. Additionally, a review of the literature was performed. Results: Out of 2,636 patients with EC, 1,732 (65.7%), 461 (17.5%), and 443 (16.8%) had open, laparoscopic, and robotic surgery, respectively. Only 3 patients (0.11%) had IR, all after open surgery. Additionally, 38 cases of IR were identified from the literature. Patients with non-isolated IR had worse overall survival than patients with isolated IR (p=0.04). Among this latter group, combined treatments may be associated with improved survival outcome. Conclusion: IR after EC surgery is rare and may occur after minimally-invasive or open operations. Combination of local and systemic treatments may provide favorable outcomes for patients with isolated IR
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