1,720,957 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
The language of ‘nudge’ in health policy: pre-empting working class obesity through ‘biopedagogy’
Get PDFFocusing on a long-running health campaign, this paper examines the UK government’s use of a
policy technique known as ‘nudge’, which draws on behavioural economics in order to shape civic
behaviours towards more desirable ends. Public health campaigns tend to be immune to critique
because of assumptions that their goals are laudable and that they are ‘unproblematically’ educational.
Here I argue that the use of ‘nudge’ tactics helps legitimate a narrowing of the sphere of governmental
responsibility for this complex and classed social problem by pathologising working class lifestyles as
inherently ‘irrational’. I use critical discourse analysis to explore the textual strategies through which
a corpus of TV cartoon adverts enacts a ‘biopedagogic’ discourse and shapes ‘self-disciplinary’
subjectivities, targeting children in particular. Through subtle semiotic markers (register and regional
accent) these adverts target a northern English, working class demographic, and shift responsibility
onto certain individuals while glossing over the deeply entrenched and escalating forms of social
inequality which lie behind the problem. In light of the increasing prominence of ‘soft’ governance
techniques like nudge, I argue for a close dialogue between detailed linguistic analytical methods and
a Foucauldian analytics of power
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Nudge and the politics of wellbeing: bringing biopower into dialogue with critical discourse analysis
No full textThis paper investigates the textual processes of modern biopower by analysing the use of
‘nudge’ tactics in health policy. It brings the Foucauldian concept of ‘biopower’ into dialogue
with critical discourse analysis to investigate the increasing use of insights from behavioural
economics (or ‘nudge’) in UK health policy. The analysis shows how the surrounding order of
discourse provides the conditions for individualistic, consumerist policy interventions.
Aimed at children, the ‘Change4Life’ anti-obesity social marketing campaign simplifies and
distorts expert obesity knowledge, while pathologising the lifestyles of the working classes.
Through warnings of biomedical disease risk and commercially endorsed behaviour change
slogans, children are inculcated into active, self-disciplinary citizenship. The increasing
popularity of nudge among state actors lies in its comfortable fit with neoliberal ideology,
privatising and individualising responsibility for welfare. I question its claims to ‘empower’
citizens by changing their lifestyle preferences and argue that instead its offers governments
a way of ignoring socioeconomic inequality. The 2017 award of the Nobel prize to nudge
theorist Richard Thaler signals the extent of its influence in contemporary governance. In
this paper I offer a conceptual framework with which to critically engage with it
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Reframing obesity: a critical discourse analysis of the UK’s first social marketing campaign
Get PDFThis paper presents a critical discourse analysis of the UK government’s ‘Change4Life’ antiobesity
social marketing campaign, which uses colourful cartoon characters and simplified
messages to ‘reframe’ the issue of obesity, and encourage the public to take an active role in
addressing this policy problem. It stems from a wider political context in which insights from
behavioural economics (‘nudge’) are increasingly turned to for solutions to policy problems.
The approach particularly emphasises the importance of carefully crafted communication in
securing public compliance with desired policy outcomes, and has gained considerable
attention in political science, economics, and health research. This paper contributes to that
growing debate by offering a systematic textually-oriented critical analysis of the discourse
of nudge. It maps the public, private, and third sector practices comprising this campaign, and
critically examines the underlying balance of power and vested interests. Detailed analysis of
the launch advert and surrounding policy documents reveals how scientific claims about
obesity are recontextualised, simplified, and distorted in this campaign. It is further argued
that the use of behavioural psychology legitimate individualised policy solutions, squeezing
out public deliberation over the complex structural causes of obesity
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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