101,034 research outputs found
La Passion du Prince pour les belles occupations de l'esprit. Enluminures italiennes du duc d'Aumale, catalogo della mostra (Chantilly, Musée Condé, 6 settembre – 9 dicembre 2014)
No full textIntroduzione (con aoautore) e 16 schede su 31 (a firma unica)
Treptacantha rayssiae M. Mulas, J. Neiva, comb. nov.
No full text<i>Treptacantha rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. <p> <i>Cystoseira rayssiae</i> Ramon, <i>Israel Journal of Plant Sciences</i> 48: 59 (English), 61 (Latin); figs 1-5 (fig. 1: holotype) (1970) (basionym).</p> <p> TYPE MATERIAL. — <b>Holotype. HUJ</b> (Ashqelon, Israel; 23.V. 1953).</p> DESCRIPTION <p> The morphological characteristics of this species along the Israeli coast are well in accordance with the features of the genus as described by Orellana <i>et al.</i> (2019), although Ramon herself noted that the species exhibits considerable morphological plasticity (Figs 3; 4). <i>Treptacantha rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., shows a tophulose, non-caespitose habit, growing up to <i>c.</i> 30 cm high (Figs 3A; 4A). The thallus is attached to the substrate by a basal disc from which a cylindrical simple or branched axis grows (Figs 3D; 4C). Tophules are present (albeit in young thalli they are poorly distinguishable) and can be of different shapes (from obovate, ovate, to club-shaped, spherical and oblong), are 3-8 mm long and up to 4 mm broad (Figs 3B; 4B), and often concentrated in the tip of the main axes. Holdfast, main axes, and tophules are perennial. Primary branches are seasonal (March-June) (Mulas <i>et al.</i> 2019), typically smooth in the basal region and occasionally with small and widely spaced spiny appendages. Branches of higher order are more robust, show lateral spines, and their inner aerocysts are inconspicuous.Transformed ends of last order branches show spiny laterals containing receptacles (Fig.3C). Differences in the morphology among specimens seem to be environmentally driven. For instance, subtidal specimens display shorter and robust branches densely covered with spinelike appendages and without pronounced receptacles compared to tide pool specimens that have less pronounced spines and correspond to Ramon’s description (Fig. 4).</p> <p> Anatomical characteristics of <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., cross sections corresponded to the genus <i>Treptacantha</i> as recently described by Orellana <i>et al.</i> (2019). <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., shows medullary cells which form a central mass, while the cortical ones having a bigger size, globose shape and thickened walls and the meristoderm is composed by a single layer of square-shaped cells (Fig. 5).</p> <p> This is in accordance with the description of the genus (Orellana <i>et al.</i> 2019): <i>Treptacantha</i> often displays significant polymorphism attributable to regional, seasonal and habitat differences (e.g. genetically – confirmed Atlantic <i>Treptacantha nodicaulis,</i> <i>Treptacantha</i> sp. from Crete, <i>T.baccata</i>, <i>T.barbata</i>, <i>T.abies-marina</i>, <i>T. ballesterosii</i> and <i>T. mauritanica</i>) stressing that morphological differences must be supported by additional evidence, such as molecular data, before describing additional species.</p> <i>Species distribution</i> <p> Literature and database records suggest a disjunct geographical distribution for <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., as shown in Figure 1A. <i>Treptacantha rayssiae</i> can be found in tide pools associated with vermetid reefs (abrasion platforms) in north Israel (Rilov <i>et al.</i> 2020), and as scattered individuals (in several locations), or as an extensive forest (only in one location, in Haifa) on horizontal subtidal bedrocks down to 5 m depth (Fig. 1B, based on Ramon 2000, Mulas <i>et al.</i> 2019, Peleg <i>et al.</i> 2019 and personal observations). In addition to Israel (Ramon 2000; Einav & Israel 2008), <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., has been also recently reported from several sites in Lebanon (Nakoura, Adloun, Barbara, Ras-Chekaa) (Badreddine <i>et al.</i> 2018). Surprisingly, extra-Mediterranean records were also reported from one site (Dahab) in the Red Sea along the Egyptian coast of the Gulf of Aqaba (Abdel-Raouf <i>et al.</i> 2015) and from six sites in the Persian Gulf (Ras Tanura, Saftwah, Al Qatif, Sayhat, Ad Dammam and Al Azizayah) in Saudi Arabia (Abdel-Kareem 2009).</p> <p> These extra-Mediterranean records have not been genetically confirmed. In case they are not misidentifications, three exclusive scenarios can be postulated. In the first scenario, <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., may be a palaeoendemic species that was formerly widespread (before the closure of the Mediterranean passages to the Indian Ocean, some 20 MYA), and is now restricted to several very small “relict” areas of its past distribution. In the second scenario, <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., may be a Lessepsian migrant first detected in the invaded region, the Levantine basin, and later in the origin region, the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf. These two scenarios seem unlikely because <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., and <i>T. nodicaulis</i> are more closely related than <i>T. nodicaulis</i> and <i>T. baccata</i>, and the two latter are estimated to have diverged around 10 MYA (Silberfeld <i>et al.</i> 2010), i.e., already after the closure of the eastern Tethyan seaway (Bialik <i>et al.</i> 2019). Under the third scenario, <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., is an eastern Mediterranean endemic seaweed that has migrated to the Indo-Pacific, a rare case of anti-Lessepsian migration. It should be noted that there are only a handful examples of anti-Lessepsian species, making this last scenario also unlikely (Golani <i>et al.</i> 2002). Among the very few marine organisms that have moved from the Mediterranean into the Red Sea, are the fish <i>Solea aegyptiaca</i> Chabanaud, and six species of polychaetes (Golani <i>et al.</i> 2002; Faiza 2009; Chanet <i>et al.</i> 2012), but no macroalgal species recorded so far. In contrast, a large number of Lessepsian macroalgae migrants have been recorded in the Mediterranean Sea along the years (Por 1971, 1978; Galil & Zenetos 2002; Rilov & Galil 2009; Otero <i>et al.</i> 2013; Boudouresque <i>et al.</i> 2016; Galil <i>et al.</i> 2017; Israel & Einav 2017), where the last update has counted 119 alien macrophytes introduced by different sources out of a total of 613 confirmed marine organisms (Verlaque <i>et al.</i> 2015; Zenetos <i>et al.</i> 2017). All possible hypothetical scenarios to explain the extra-Mediterranean records are not supported by evidence. The main growing/reproductive season of <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., is winter- spring and not warmer summer months when the fronds are shed, and the basal perennial parts enter a dormancy period (Mulas <i>et al.</i> 2019). A temperate growth and reproductive window do not support a tropical origin, but seasonal shifts are also observed among tropical species. Because all three scenarios are highly unlikely, we suspect that the records from the Persian Gulf and the Red Sea (Abdel-Kareem 2009; Abdel- Raouf <i>et al.</i> 2015) are based on misidentifications. In the study of Abdel-Kareem (2009), the photographic record has poor quality but does not resemble <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. In fact, in both studies of Abdel-Kareem (2009) and Abdel-Raouf <i>et al.</i> (2015), the taxonomical identification of <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. (as <i>Cystoseira rayssiae</i>) was based on the reference check-list of the Red Sea of Lipkin & Silva (2002) which, however, never mentions <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., but rather the common fucoid <i>Polycladia myrica</i> (as <i>Cystoseira myrica</i>). This species and <i>Syrophysalis trinodis</i> (as <i>Cystoseira trinodis</i>) have also been reported from the Red Sea in other studies (e.g. Ibraheem <i>et al.</i> 2014). Many seaweed groups are notoriously difficult to identify, and this applies also to <i>Cystoseira sensu lato</i> and related genera. Thus, we conclude that the most plausible explanation is that <i>T. rayssiae</i> (Ramon) M.Mulas, J.Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov., was misidentified in these studies, and the species is a unique example of a Levantine Basin endemism. If what we claim is confirmed by further analyses of Mediterranean samples, conclusively excluding it from nearby areas (Cyprus, southern Turkey and farther away), the protection of this species emerges as a priority in the Mediterranean Sea, because of the restricted local distribution and increasing pressures such as rabbitfish and sea urchin overgrazing, pollution, ocean warming and urbanization.</p>Published as part of <i>Mulas, Martina, Neiva, João, Sadogurska, Sofia S., Ballesteros, Enric, Serrão, Ester A., Rilov, Gil & Israel, Álvaro, 2020, Genetic affinities and biogeography of putative Levantine-endemic seaweed Treptacantha rayssiae (Ramon) M. Mulas, J. Neiva & Á. Israel, comb. nov. (Phaeophyceae), pp. 91-103 in Cryptogamie, Algologie 20 (10)</i> on pages 96-97, DOI: 10.5252/cryptogamie-algologie2020v41a10, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7819042">http://zenodo.org/record/7819042</a>
L'exil d'un bibliophile en Angleterre (mars 1848-juin 1871) – Le duc d'Aumale collectionneur de manuscrits enluminés italiens
No full textStudio dei cuttings e manoscritti miniati di origine italiana della collezione del duca d'Aumale e ricostruzione delle vicende collezionistiche
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Produzione di biomassa da combustione di impianti di Eucalyptus camaldulensis ed E. globosus nella aree vocate della Sardegna
No full textL'introduzione dell'Eucalyptus camaldulensis in Sardegna è avvenuta in modo importante nei primi decenni del XX secolo, soprattutto come utile strumento per la bonifica delle terre paludose e per il controllo degli effetti dell'intensa ventosità dell'Isola. L'utilizzo di questa specie e, successivamente, dell'Eucalyptus globulus subsp. bicostata si è rapidamente esteso dalle aree oggetto delle più importanti bonifiche e della riforma agraria portando ad una larga diffusione in ambito forestale e agroambientale. Spesso le due specie sono presenti frammiste nello stesso impianto, mentre più recentemente la seconda viene decisamente più utilizzata.
Entrambe, comunque, sono attualmente consigliate in Italia per la realizzazione di cedui a turno breve. L'Eucalyptus camaldulensis soprattutto mostra notevoli accrescimenti e buona capacità pollonifera. E' specie alquanto plastica e rustica, adattandosi a un'ampia gamma di suoli, da quelli argillosi a quelli torbosi. Tollera la presenza di cloruri e prolungati ristagni idrici. E' in grado di resistere a lunghi periodi siccitosi, vivendo in ambienti con precipitazioni medie annue di 300-400 mm. Necessita di temperature medie annue comprese tra 12 e 18 °C. Sopporta temperature minime fino a -6 °C. Questa specie è sicuramente adatta a tutti i modelli colturali di diversa intensità colturale, avendo manifestato buoni risultati in piantagioni forestali su suoli anche molto poveri e aridi, ma dotati di falda profonda.
L'Eucalyptus globulus subsp. bicostata è più esigente in fatto di terreni, prediligendo quelli mediamente sciolti con pH neutro o subacido. Non tollera i suoli molto argillosi, né l'eccessiva presenza di calcare o il ristagno idrico. Necessita di precipitazioni medie annue di almeno 700 mm o di una falda ricca e relativamente superficiale. Ha esigenze termiche simili a quelle di E. camaldulensis e questa specie potrebbe essere adatta ai due modelli colturali per le biomasse da combustione definiti come intensivi e superintensivi, entrambi in regime irriguo.
Gli schemi colturali prevalenti per la produzione di biomassa da combustione prevedono un modello superintensivo, uno intensivo e uno non intensivo in coltura asciutta (non adatto all'Eucalyptus globulus subsp. bicostata.
Il modello superintensivo prevede una densità di piantagione di 5000 piante ad ettaro, una durata del ciclo minima di 16 anni e un turno di utilizzazione di 2 anni. E’ previsto lo scasso all’impianto e una concimazione di fondo con 150 unità/ha P2O5 e K2O. Viene praticata la concimazione di copertura con 50 unità/ha di N al secondo anno + 100 unità/ha di P2O5 e K2O. E’ prevista la lavorazione interfila al 1° anno, così come il diserbo al 1° anno e in post-ceduazione, e un apporto irriguo variabile di 1.200-2.400 m3/ha a seconda delle condizioni ecologiche. Normalmente non vengono eseguiti trattamenti antiparassitari. La produzione media di sostanza secca è di 10 t/ha/anno.
Il modello intensivo ha una densità di piantagione limitata a 1000-1600 piante ad ettaro, durata minima del ciclo di 25 anni e turno di utilizzazione di 5 anni. Le cure colturali e la fertilizzazione sono simili al precedente modello, mentre l’apporto irriguo è limitato a 600 a 1.200 m3/ha. La produzione media di sostanza secca è pari a 5 t/ha/anno.
Il modello non intensivo, infine, ha densità di piantagione di 1000-1600 piante ad ettaro, durata minima del ciclo di 40 anni e turno di utilizzazione di 8 anni. E’ previsto lo scasso all’impianto e la concimazione di fondo, ma non quella di copertura. Vengono praticate la lavorazione interfila al 1° anno, così come il diserbo al 1° anno e in post-ceduazione, ma non vi sono apporti irrigui.
Si tratta di fatto del modello più largamente applicato in Sardegna in situazioni ambientali diversissime con risultati di produzione di sostanza secca mediamente pari a 2 t/ha/anno. La lunghezza del ciclo e il basso livello di input colturali rendono questo modello sostenibile da un punto di vista tecnico ed economico
Replication files -Supplemental material for Planned fiscal adjustments: Do governments fulfil their commitments?
No full textSupplemental material, Replication files for Planned fiscal adjustments: Do governments fulfil their commitments? by Sanjeev Gupta, João T Jalles, Carlos Mulas-Granados and Michela Schena in European Union Politics</p
eup-17-1402-File002 -Supplemental material for Planned fiscal adjustments: Do governments fulfil their commitments?
No full textSupplemental material, eup-17-1402-File002 for Planned fiscal adjustments: Do governments fulfil their commitments? by Sanjeev Gupta, João T Jalles, Carlos Mulas-Granados and Michela Schena in European Union Politics</p
A new magnetic resonance imaging approach for discriminating Sardinian sheep milk cheese made from heat-treated or raw milk.
No full text- …
