1,720,959 research outputs found
EXPLORING DETERMINANTS OF CONSUMER PREFERENCES AND WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY FOR INSECTICIDES TREATED BEDNETS BEFORE INTERVENTION IN A POOR RURAL TANZANIA
Full text linkObjective: To explore commodity and human factors associated with
willingness to pay (WTP) and consumer preferences for insecticides
treated bed nets (ITNs) prior an intervention Design: A
two-week-interval test re-test cross-sectional contingent valuation
study Setting: The study was conducted in Kisarawe District between
September and November 2001 Results:Multivariate analyses showed
nuisance of mosquito bites, age of the respondent, knowledge of malaria
transmission, self rated health status, prior possession of a bed net,
and self rated ability to pay to be significantly associated with
maximum open-ended WTP (p<0.005). While, a recent experience with a
malaria episode, nuisance of mosquito bites, and the price of an ITN
were associated with the probability of giving an affirmative response
for the discrete choice question (p<0.005). ITNs characteristics
have different relative importance in determining consumer's
preferences of and procurement decisions for an ITN. Respondents were
willing to pay lower average prices compared to prices presented to
them suggesting inability to pay for the market ITN prices. Conclusion:
WTP studies conducted in communities before the interventions are
implemented, could be useful in providing local information for
understanding the local market structure, designing behavioural change
messages and establishing affordable local prices and levels of
subsidies for promoting potential demand for ITNS
EXPLORING DETERMINANTS OF CONSUMER PREFERENCES AND WILLINGNESS-TO-PAY FOR INSECTICIDES TREATED BEDNETS BEFORE INTERVENTION IN A POOR RURAL TANZANIA
No full textObjective: To explore commodity and human factors associated with
willingness to pay (WTP) and consumer preferences for insecticides
treated bed nets (ITNs) prior an intervention Design: A
two-week-interval test re-test cross-sectional contingent valuation
study Setting: The study was conducted in Kisarawe District between
September and November 2001 Results:Multivariate analyses showed
nuisance of mosquito bites, age of the respondent, knowledge of malaria
transmission, self rated health status, prior possession of a bed net,
and self rated ability to pay to be significantly associated with
maximum open-ended WTP (p<0.005). While, a recent experience with a
malaria episode, nuisance of mosquito bites, and the price of an ITN
were associated with the probability of giving an affirmative response
for the discrete choice question (p<0.005). ITNs characteristics
have different relative importance in determining consumer's
preferences of and procurement decisions for an ITN. Respondents were
willing to pay lower average prices compared to prices presented to
them suggesting inability to pay for the market ITN prices. Conclusion:
WTP studies conducted in communities before the interventions are
implemented, could be useful in providing local information for
understanding the local market structure, designing behavioural change
messages and establishing affordable local prices and levels of
subsidies for promoting potential demand for ITNS
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Sources of financial assistance for households suffering an adult death in Kagera, Tanzania
Full text linkThe AIDS crisis in Africa and elsewhere compels us to design appropriate assistance policies for households experience a death. Policies should take into account and strengthen existing household coping strategies, rather than duplicate or undermine them. The authors investigate the nature of coping mechanisms among a sample of households in Kagera, Tanzania in 1991-1994. They estimate the magnitude and timing of receipts of private transfers, credits, and public assistance by households with different characteristics. Their empirical strategy addresses three common methodological difficulties in estimating the impact of adult death: selection bias, endogeneity, and unobserved heterogeneity. The authors find that less-poor households (those with more physical and human capital) benefit from larger receipts of private assistance than poor households. Resource-abundant households are wealthy in social assets as well as physical assets. Poor households, on the other hand, rely relatively more on loans than private transfers, for up to a year after a death. This suggests that credit acts as insurance for households where informal interhousehold assistance contracts are not enforceable. A donor in Kagera can be sure that assistance to a wealthy household may not be able to return the favor. Assistance to the poor is more likely to come with more formal arrangements for repayment. Formal-sector assistance is targeted toward the poor immediately following the death. The impact of adult deaths on households may be mitigated either ex ante, through programs that minimize poverty and vulnerability, or ex post, by assistance targeted to the poorest and most vulnerable households. In addition, to the extent to which micro-credit programs improve access and lower the total costs of borrowing, they may not only stimulate growth and investment but also help resource-poor households overcome the impact of an adult death in the areas hard-hit by the AIDS epidemic.Rural Poverty Reduction,Safety Nets and Transfers,Services&Transfers to Poor,VN-Acb Mis -- IFC-00535908,Housing&Human Habitats
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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