1,720,961 research outputs found
Institutions and economic performance: an empirical analysis of Western Balkans 1996-2016
No full textExploring the relationship between the role of institutions and economic performance has been an area of much research in political economy. There is a rich literature on Solow growth model linking institutions with better economic performance, extended growth model, endogenous growth model and extended endogenous growth model. However, this assumption may not hold in developing countries. The role of regulatory institutions and the institutional setting are supposed to lead to higher levels of growth through improving productivity and foreign direct investments. This article makes an attempt to test the role of institutions in economic performance in Western Balkans. The methodological approach used is the article is based on econometric analysis of the correlation between institutions and economic performance. The analysis is based on the data on the quality of institutions index of the World Bank and economic growth figures between 2006-2016. Our econometric analysis suggests that there is strong causal link between the quality of governance and economic performance in Western Balkans
The impact of product and labour market deregulation
Get PDFEconomists have often talked about the European Paradox:” - Europe having the necessary knowledge and research but failing to utilize these advantages and bring them to the markets. The perception, largely attributable to the media reporting, is that Europe lags behind the United States in innovation. While it is true that most of the e-commerce innovations were developed in the United States, Europe’s economies did well over the 1990s despite the lack of major breakthroughs in high-tech sphere. Thus, it is hard to say that Europe is facing an innovation crisis, and I will argue that Europe has other advantages that make it competitive globally. While Europe might not have as much success in innovation as the United States, it nevertheless, has been successful in more developed and mature segments of the markets. Moreover, I will argue that country’s specialization depends on the setup of the institutions in the political economy. The countries utilize their comparative institutional advantage (CIA) to maintain competitive globally. Finally, I will argue against the idea of drastic deregulation of the product and labor markets in Europe. Doing so would be like shooting yourself in the foot since individual European countries would lose their comparative institutional advantage that allows them to stay competitive globally in the market for incremental innovation products
Is there a European Innovation Crisis!? The impact of product and labour market deregulation
Get PDFEconomists have often talked about the European Paradox:” - Europe having the necessary knowledge and research but failing to utilize these advantages and bring them to the markets. The perception, largely attributable to the media reporting, is that Europe lags behind the United States in innovation. While it is true that most of the e-commerce innovations were developed in the United States, Europe’s economies did well over the 1990s despite the lack of major breakthroughs in hightech sphere. Thus, it is hard to say that Europe is facing an innovation crisis, and I will argue that Europe has other advantages that make it competitive globally. While Europe might not have as much success in innovation as the United States, it nevertheless, has been successful in more developed and mature segments of the markets. Moreover, I will argue that country’s specialization depends on the setup of the institutions in the political economy. The countries utilize their comparative institutional advantage (CIA) to maintain competitive globally. Finally, I will argue against the idea of drastic deregulation of the product and labor markets in Europe. Doing so would be like shooting yourself in the foot since individual European countries would lose their comparative institutional advantage that allows them to stay competitive globally in the market for incremental innovation products
The impact of education on economic competitiveness: evidence from Kosovo
No full textQuality of higher education and training is assessed to be a crucial component for economies that want to move up the value chain beyond simple production processes and products. In particular, globalizing economy requires economies to nurture pools of well-educated workers who are able to adapt rapidly to the changing environment. The study examines the impact of secondary and higher education enrolment rates and quality of provision on economic competitiveness. It explores the system for labor force skills upgrading and its relation to the evolving economy of Kosovo. The level of productivity is affected by investments in sound education and training policies. The study adopts the national competitiveness approach and assesses the level and ways that the education system in Kosovo affects the national competitiveness index. The assessment integrates both static and dynamic components of education and is based on econometric analysis
Advancing Kosovo national competitiveness – A resource-based strategy
No full textNational Competitiveness is often viewed as an essential holistic approach to economic performance. Scholars have advanced the competitiveness model to calibrate growth strategies of developed economies in Western Europe, Americas and East Asia. However, it has not found any comprehensive application to less developed economies like Kosovo. Located in Western Balkans, it has often received more in attention in the discourse of its contentious political status settlement. Kosovo is a resource rich economy but a more integrated approach to advance its competitiveness. The article uses the National Competitiveness Model to analyses the gap between the existing situation and future development. The methodological framework relies on the resource-based strategy and integrates perspectives from economy, technology, human resources and productivity to explain the incongruence between national resources and economic performance. The study reveals that Kosovo is still in the nascent stage of economic development and needs to enforce a concerted strategy of national competitiveness improvement. The article also offers a national economic roadmap for resource exploitation to enhance the prospect of economic convergence with advanced European economies
Social Policies in Kosovo: institutional reforms in the context of globalization and internatin aladministration
Get PDFSocial policy broadly focuses on pensions system, health insurance, education, family policies, disability and injury insurance, unemployment benefits, war victims’ benefits and other aid to the poor. The main features of Western Balkans’ welfare system during communism can be characterized by three pillars: full employment and quasi-obligatory employment: broad and universalistic social insurance: and a highly developed typically company-based, system of services and fringe benefits. This system was eliminated after the fall of communism, as it became impossible for the state to provide the necessary funds to cover new social costs associated with transformation. The welfare system reform in the form of introduction of choice and marketization was delayed and implemented unevenly due to protracted conflicts, internal and external determinants. The paper initially will comparatively examine the similarities and differences in social policy in Western Balkans taking into account different initial conditions, legacy, political systems and the influence of international actors. Secondly, it details the case of social policy in Kosovo explaining resulting institutional set-up and policies adopted in the context of international administration and globalisation
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
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