1,720,989 research outputs found
Daily Relationships Experiences Study, 2018
No full textWe recruited 122 couples through online (e.g., Reddit, Kijiji, Facebook, Craigslist) and physical (e.g., university campuses, public transportation centers) advertisements in Canada and the United States.
Eligible couples were currently living together or seeing each other at least five out of seven days, sexually active, 18 years of age or older, residing in Canada or the United States, able to read and understand English, and had daily access to a computer with internet. Both partners had to agree to participate.
One couple was excluded because they only completed the baseline survey of the study. The final sample consists of 121 couples ranging in age from 20 to 78 years (M = 32.63, SD = 10.19). The sample was primarily White/Caucasian (65.3%), straight/heterosexual (81.4%), and married (46.7%), and the average relationship length was 8.50 years (SD = 8.41).
Couples were pre-screened for eligibility via e-mail and telephone. Once eligibility and consent were confirmed, each partner completed a 60-minute online background survey, followed by 10- to 15-minute online surveys for 21 consecutive days, and a 20-minute online follow-up survey three months later. Participants were asked to complete the surveys before bed each night and to begin the study on the same day as their partner. Each partner was compensated up to 48 USD).
The ethics board approval number is: e2017 - 32
Sexual compulsivity in heterosexual married adults: the role of sexual excitation and sexual inhibition in individuals not considered “high-risk”
No full textIn this study, we explored sexual compulsivity in a non-clinical, non-student, convenience sample of 1,301 heterosexual, married adults (240 women, 1,061 men). To situate our sample within the body of research on sexual compulsivity, we compared current participants’ scores on the Sexual Compulsivity Scale (SCS) with those reported in other studies conducted over the last decade. Scores for the current sample were largely similar to those found in other studies. We also investigated whether sexual excitation and sexual inhibition, constructs in the dual control model of sexual response, would be useful in explaining differences in men's and women's sexual compulsivity. Higher Arousability scores (a subscale of sexual excitation) and lower Relationship Importance scores (a subscale of sexual inhibition) were associated with higher levels of sexual compulsivity for both men and women. Gender moderated the association between Inhibitory Cognitions (a subscale of sexual inhibition) and sexual compulsivity; greater inhibition was associated with higher sexual compulsivity for men, but not for women. The importance of assessing SCS in samples not considered “high risk” and the utility of applying a sexual inhibition/excitation framework to understanding sexual compulsivity are discusse
How Attachment Shapes Approaches to Sexual Need Fulfillment
Get PDFSexuality often distinguishes romantic relationships from other relationships. Because most romantic relationships are sexually monogamous, partners have important roles in meeting each others needs. Being responsive to a partners sexual needs (i.e., sexual communal norms) is associated with greater relationship quality, whereas fulfilling needs with a focus on what will be returned (i.e., sexual exchange norms) is associated with lower satisfaction. Romantic attachmentworking models of the self and partnershapes how people approach sexuality and may underlie sexual need fulfillment norms. The current research combines sexual need fulfillment and attachment theories to better understand how sexuality influences relationships. In my first paper, I tested whether perceived partner sexual responsiveness buffers the lower sexual and relationship quality that highly anxiously attached people typically experience. In my second paper, I explored whether highly avoidantly attached people endorse more sexual exchange (vs. communal) norms, and how this influences sexual and relationship quality
Charmed I'm Sure: Do Charismatic People Have More Satisfying Sexual and Romantic Relationships?
Get PDFHigh quality romantic relationships are a key predictor of health and well-being, but sexual dissatisfaction and frequent conflict can make it challenging to maintain relationship quality over time. Personality traits, such as the Big Five personality dimensions have been associated with relationship and sexual satisfaction, but less is known about other individual differences. Across three multi-method studies, I tested the role of charisma, the quality of being influential and affable, in the maintenance of sexual and relationship quality. Charismatic people were more responsive to their partners needs during sex and both they and their partners reported higher sexual satisfaction and desire. People higher in charisma also reported higher relationship quality, in part because they used more positive conflict management strategies. The current research is among the first to investigate charisma, which has primarily been studied in workplace and leadership contexts, as a protective factor in the maintenance of intimate relationships
Financial (In)Security is Tied to Personal Well-Being for Men and Relationship Well-Being for Women When Women Endorse Sexist Attitudes
No full textBenevolent sexism undermines gender equality by ascribing men and women to traditional gender roles, with women as warm caregivers and men as protectors and financial providers. The appeal of these beliefs for women lay in the security and financial provision that men provide. However, if partners do not live up to these ideals (i.e., men violate the expectations of providing financial security), both men and women could experience poorer well-being. Specifically, men could experience lower personal well-being (anxiety) and women could experience lower relational well-being (lower relationship satisfaction). We examined how men and women’s benevolent sexism moderated the association between men’s reports of financial security and men and women’s well-being. In the current study, we followed 171 mixed-gender couples (who were tracked weekly and over several months), during a time of heightened financial insecurity, the COVID-19 pandemic. We found that when women were higher (compared to lower) in benevolent sexism, men’s anxiety was negatively associated with their financial security, such that they felt more anxiety when they reported lower financial security. When women endorsed benevolent sexism, and had a partner who reported lower financial security, women experienced lower relationship satisfaction. The findings support a key tenet of Ambivalent Sexism Theory — men’s role as the financial provider — and demonstrate that when women hold gendered expectations that are violated, there are negative outcomes for both men and women’s well-being. Implications, including how gendered expectations in relationships can undermine well-being in the face of challenges, are discussed
The Balance of Sexual Responsiveness and Autonomy: Communal and Self-Determined Approaches to Sexual Motivation, Need Fulfillment, and Support in Romantic Relationships
No full textSexual need fulfillment between partners is central to the maintenance of a romantic relationship over time. However, it can be challenging to assert one’s sexual needs in the process of being responsive to a partner’s sexual needs, presenting a key interdependent dilemma couples navigate in the sexual domain. In the following dissertation, I integrated communal and self-determined theories of sexual motivation to further our understanding of how people balance being responsive to a partner’s sexual needs with asserting their own sexual needs and how perceiving a partner as supportive of one’s sexual needs is central to maintaining sexual and relationship well-being. In my first paper, I examine how balancing the motivation to be responsive to a partner’s sexual needs with asserting one’s own sexual needs (i.e., high sexual communal strength) is associated with greater sexual and relationship well-being as a function of engaging in sex for pleasure and meaning (i.e., autonomous reasons) rather than out of pressure or obligation (i.e., controlled reasons). In contrast, sexual responsiveness that involves self-neglect (i.e., high unmitigated sexual communion) is costly to well-being due to controlled reasons for engaging in sex. In my second paper, I demonstrate how experimentally orienting people in relationships to high sexual responsiveness is associated with differences in autonomous versus controlled reasons for engaging in sex and sexual and relationship well-being depending on whether people are also oriented toward high versus low sexual assertiveness. In my third and final paper, I examine the novel role of perceiving a partner as autonomously supportive in the sexual domain (i.e., feeling that a partner supports one’s ability to freely choose and act on their sexual preferences and interests) in fostering sexual need fulfillment, and in turn, sexual and relationship satisfaction, over and above the role of perceiving a partner as responsive to one’s sexual needs. By emphasizing the value of being sexually responsive and self-determined in relationships, this dissertation provides key insights into the dynamics of sexual motivation, sexual need fulfillment and support in romantic relationships, as well as the potential for applying and extending this work to diverse populations, contexts, and interventions
The Cost of Being "True to Yourself" for Mixed Selves: Frame Switching Negatively Affects Biculturals' Perceived Authenticity, Impacting Well-Being, Intercultural Person Perception and Dating Prospects
Get PDFAs diversity increases throughout the world, a growing number of biculturalspeople who are regularly exposed to and identify with at least two culturesnavigate multiple cultural contexts on a daily basis. Despite the growth of this population, we know relatively little about what it is like for biculturals to manage the demands of their multiple cultures and how the ways in which they do so affect their characteristics and experiences. This dissertation research examines the psychological and social consequences of one common way that biculturals negotiate their cultures known as frame switching, whereby a bicultural adapts their ways of thinking and behaving to meet the demands of their immediate cultural context. Situated within North America contexts (Canada and the US), biculturals frame switching behaviour may violate the Western conception of authentic behaviour and carry unintended costs for biculturals. This dissertation contains two papers that explore the consequences of biculturals frame switching across an array of non-trivial outcomes, providing statistical and causal-chain evidence that these negative effects are mediated by perceived inauthenticity. Paper 1 presents two experiments addressing the negative effects of frame switching on: 1) biculturals self-perceived authenticity and the subsequent impact on their well-being and 2) monocultural Canadians perceptions of a biculturals authenticity and the subsequent impact on impressions of the bicultural on multiple desirable traits. Paper 2 presents four experiments addressing the negative effects of biculturals frame switching behaviour on monocultural Americans perceptions of their authenticity and the mediating role of authenticity on subsequent consequences for general impressions and dating prospects of biculturals. Finally, the contribution of this dissertation within the broader fields of biculturalism, social identities, and intergroup research and future directions are discussed
Lay Beliefs About Sexual Satisfaction And Attributions For Low Desire In Relationships
No full textSexuality plays a key role in shaping overall relationship happiness and stability, yet sexual desire tends to decline over time in relationships, which is a key reason for relationship dissolution. Theories of implicit (lay) beliefs about the maintenance of sexual satisfaction (i.e., sexual growth and sexual destiny beliefs) provide a valuable framework for understanding how people cope with sexual challenges, such as low desire, in a relationship. My dissertation extended theories of lay sexual beliefs by exploring associations with sexual and relationship well-being among people responding to both hypothetical and lived experiences of clinical low desire. I also tested novel mechanisms for these effects—the attributions that people make for the cause of their low desire. In Study 1, a study of individuals in relationships, sexual beliefs were associated with well-being, which was, in part, accounted for by the attributions people assigned to hypothetical low desire and arousal. In Study 2, sexual beliefs were differentially associated with relationship and sexual well-being in couples coping with clinically low desire. I found similar results in Study 3, a daily diary study of couples coping with clinically low desire, which were again, partially explained by daily attributions. Lastly, in Study 4, an experimental study, people oriented toward sexual growth (versus destiny) reported higher control attributions, which in turn was associated with people finding the situation less challenging. My dissertation demonstrated the critical and nuanced role of attributions in understanding how sexual beliefs are associated with relationship and sexual well-being in response to low desire
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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