24 research outputs found
Prevalence of Neural tube defects at PUMHS Hospital.
No full textIntroduction: Spina bifida, anencephaly, and encephalocele are neural tube defects (NTD) and result from failure of closure of the neural tube between 21and 28 days following conception. Encephaloceles are possibly post-closure defects. NTDs are an important cause of mortality and morbidity globally. NTD encompasses about one-tenth of the burden of all congenital conditions and make up the third largest congenital burden after congenital heart disease and Down’s syndrome. In low income countries, NTDs may account for 29% of neonatal deaths in observable birth defects
Objective: To know the prevalence of neural tube defects at PUMHS Benazirabad..
Methodology: All pregnant ladies when diagnosed to have fetus with neural tube defect through ultrasound examination were counselled for termination of pregnancy. Data collected through proforma with details of demography, gynecological history, and type of neural tube defect evaluated by senior gynecologist and neonatologist. NTDs were defined as cases of anencephaly, spina bifida, encephalocele and meningocele among infants of any gestational age.
Results: A total of 7152 deliveries took place in the obstetrics department of PUMHS Hospital from January 2018 to September 2019. 38 (thirty-eight) pregnancies were terminated at different gestational ages, diagnosed as cases of neural tube defects, making a prevalence of 5.313 per 1000 births. Among the NT defects, 22/38 (57.89%) were anencephaly and 12/38 (31.57%) were spina bifida with hydrocephalus.
Conclusion: The most common neural tube defect is anencephaly followed by spina bifida with hydrocephalus. Overall prevalence of NTD is comparable published literature from South East Asia.
Keywords: Neural tube defects, Anencephaly, Spina bifida, Hydrocephalus.
 
Effects of Mobilization with Movement Versus Static Stretching Among Patients with Stroke, Hyderabad, Sindh Province, Pakistan
No full textObjective: The study aims to evaluate the effects of mobilization with movement versus static muscle stretching in stroke patients.
Study Design: A multicenter interventional study.
Place and Duration of Study: This Study was conducted at Three different hospitals named Majee Hospital, Surgi Care Hospital, and St. Elizabeth Hospital Hyderabad, Sindh-Pakistan, from January 2022 to June 2022.
Methods: Purposive sampling was used to investigate the effects of two mobilization techniques, Mobilization with Movement and Static Muscle Stretching, on post-stroke gait. Ethical approval was obtained. Standardized rehabilitation therapy (30 min/session) combined with either technique (3x/week) was delivered for 4 weeks. Ankle Dorsiflexion Passive Range of Motion, Berg Balance score, cadence, and speed were assessed pre-and post-intervention. Data analysis utilized SPSS version 25.0.
Results: The total Sample size was 70 (45.7%), equally divided into two groups. The Mobilization group showed significant improvement in all outcome measures compared with baseline (P<0.05). Including Ankle Dorsiflexion Passive Range of Motion (0.011), Berg Balance Score (0.000), Gait Speed (0.000) and Cadence (0.005). Gait speed and cadence showed more improvement than other parameters.
Conclusion: The study reveals that Mobilization training, combined with standard rehabilitation, significantly improves Ankle Flexion Passive Range of Motion, Berg Balance Score, gait speed, and cadence in post-stoke patients or patients in the recovering stage.
How to cite this: Qazi D, Lata P, Fahim MF, Yousuf A, Memon SA, Tasneem S. Effects of Mobilization with Movement Versus Static Stretching Among Patients with Stroke, Hyderabad, Sindh Province, Pakistan. Life and Science. 2025; 6(1): 87-94. doi: http://doi.org/10.37185/LnS.1.1.71
Remobilization and utilization of phosphorus in wheat cultivars under induced phosphorus deficiency
No full text
Grain Yield, Nutrient Accumulation and Fertilizer Efficiency in Bread Wheat under Variable Nitrogen and Phosphorus Regimes
No full text Balanced crop nutrition is one of the important tools necessary for sustaining crop productivity, maintaining soil fertility and ensuring food security worldwide. Nitrogen and phosphorus are essential plant macronutrients, nevertheless, most of the Pakistani soils exhibit moderate to severe deficiency of these nutrients. Furthermore, considerable genetic variations exist among wheat genotypes for nutrient acquisition and utilization which illustrate their differential nutrient requirements to produce higher yields. A field experiment was conducted in order to formulate balanced fertilizer recommendations for newly evolved wheat genotype SD-998 to achieve maximum yield potential. Ten treatments viz., 0-0 (control), 90-23, 90-45, 90-70, 120-30, 120-60, 120-90, 150-40, 150-75 and 150-110 kg N-P2O5 ha-1 were applied according to randomized complete block design with three replications. Analysis of variance revealed that growth, yield and yield related attributes as well as nutrient accumulation were significantly (P ? 0.05) influenced by varying N and P rates. The maximum plant height (100.8 cm), number of tillers per plant (10), spike length (10.3 cm), number of grains per spike (66), 100-grain weight (4.10 g) and grain yield (4990 kg ha-1) was recorded in treatment having 150-110 kg N-P2O5 ha-1. The highest P recovery efficiency (20.8 %), agronomic N efficiency (19.4 kg kg-1) and agronomic P efficiency (36.8 kg kg-1) were attained at 120-30, 90-70 and 150-40 kg N-P2O5 ha-1, respectively. However, the highest total N accumulation (140.8 kg ha-1), P accumulation (21.0 kg ha-1), N recovery efficiency (71.1 %) and profit (Rs. 73625 ha-1) were noticed at 150 kg N plus 110 kg P2O5 ha-1. Thus, 150-110 kg N-P2O5 ha-1 (N:P2O5 in 4:3 ratio) was suggested as the most balanced and economical dose for the tested wheat genotype.</jats:p
Effects of road infrastructure development on residential property value and land development shifts in a peri-urban area of Karachi, Pakistan
No full textThe introduction of road infrastructure development projects often triggers expectations of shifts in property values. Extensive research has already been conducted regarding the impact of such projects on property values and land development in developed regions. However, there is a research gap when it comes to developing countries like Pakistan. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the influence of the road infrastructure development project, the M-9 Motorway, on residential property values and land development in a mega residential project in Bahria Town Karachi (BTK), Pakistan. This study employs a mixed-methodology approach, incorporating qualitative methods (interviews) and quantitative analysis (questionnaire surveys and property data analysis). Statistical tools such as Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), the Pearson correlation coefficient, and the Chi-square goodness of fit test were used for correlation and hypothesis testing. This research reveals that proximity to a major road infrastructure project directly impacts property purchase prices, rents, and land development in BTK, either positively or negatively. The obtained results align with both expectations and the existing literature. Although these findings should not directly apply to other locations and contexts, they can be considered suggestive indicators for planning purposes
Evaluating Non-Aromatic Rice Varieties for Growth and Yield under Different Rates of Soil Applied Boron
No full textBalanced boron (B) fertilization has prime importance to obtain maximum paddy yield. The range between B deficiency and toxicity is smaller than most plant nutrients, though B requirement among different crops varies widely. The adequate dose of B for one genotype can either be insufficient or toxic to other. Hence, without knowing the actual requirements of crop varieties, B application can be risky due to the toxicity hazards. A field experiment was undertaken at experimental farm of Nuclear Institute of Agriculture (NIA) Tandojam during 2013, to evaluate the B requirement of two non-aromatic rice varieties. The experiment was arranged in split plot design with three repeats. Two rice varieties Sarshar and Shandar were grown in main plots with four rates of B: 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 kg ha-1 and control (0 kg ha-1) in sub plots. Both the varieties responded differently to B rates. Sarshar produced the highest paddy yield (5691 kg ha-1) at a rate of 1.5 kg B ha-1 and was 18% greater than control, Shandar produced the highest yield (6075 kg ha-1) at a rate of 1.0 kg B ha-1and was 5% greater than control. B accumulation in paddy and straw of both varieties increased with the increasing B rates. Both varieties were also significantly (p<0.05) varied in B accumulations. Comparatively, rice variety Sarshar accumulated 9% and 22% more B in straw and paddy than the Shandar. Thus, the B requirement of Sarshar was relatively higher than the Shandar. Shandar can be grown without the additional B application, whereas, Sarshar requires additional B for its maximum harvest in B deficient soils
Fertilizer Management Strategies for Enhancing Nutrient Use Efficiency and Sustainable Wheat Production
No full textAccuracy of computed tomography in diagnosing malignancy in solitary pulmonary lesions
No full textOBJECTIVE: To evaluate accuracy of Computed Tomography (CT) for diagnosing malignancy in solitary pulmonary lesions (SPLs).
METHODS: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted from 20-01-2007 to 30-06-2008 at the Radiology department, Aga Khan University Hospital (AKUH) Karachi. Fifty-three patients with solitary pulmonary lesions (SPLs) seen in prior chest x-rays or chest CT scans were referred to radiology department for CT guided biopsy. CT scan was performed for each patient prior to biopsy and CT evaluation of the SPLs was performed followed by CT guided Biopsy. Histopathological diagnosis of the lesion was taken as the gold standard.
RESULTS: CT was found to be 100% sensitive, 30% specific and 87% accurate for diagnosing malignancy in solitary pulmonary lesions while PPV and NPV were 86% and 100% respectively.
CONCLUSION: CT scan is highly sensitive yet non-specific and cannot be used as the definitive diagnostic modality for diagnosing malignancy in solitary pulmonary lesions
