194 research outputs found
Determinants of Willingness to Donate and Volunteer to Help their Poor Fellow Students in the University
No full textEach society consists of poor and rich. Those who are rich have more chances to have a better and more education, health facilities and other amenities of life but the poor segment of society is more likely to be deprived of these and get trapped in the vicious circle of poverty. Assuming that the government is unable to reach each citizen because of increasing proportion of the poor population. For the harmonious development of the society, it is the responsibility of every individual of society to contribute to the betterment of poor segment. Do people have such preferences? The current study is undertaken with the objectives to investigate the willingness to donate and volunteer behavior of the students and to find out the factors which help in the cause of educational uplift of the poor fellow students in the Quaid I Azam University, Islamabad. The study used primary data of 251 respondents. The study employed descriptive analysis, the logistic regression model for the realization of the mentioned objectives. The study found that 50% of the student is willing to contribute and help their poor colleagues financially. In addition, the study also demonstrates that extrinsic factors i.e., Gender, Income of family and living away from home, are more influencing on a willingness to donate as compare to intrinsic i.e., Satisfaction and Religiosity. The policy implication is that the government should fulfill her responsibility in contributing to the education of poor and there must be facilitation for organizing societies to channelize the donated funds for the betterment of society in letter and spirit
Performance analysis of flapping foil flow energy harvester subjected to non-sinusoidal pitching motion
No full textTwo-dimensional flow simulation study is carried out to investigate the aerodynamic performance and efficiency of Fully Active flapping foil flow energy harvesters subjected to non-sinusoidal pitching motion. The device comprises of NACA0015 airfoil which is mounted on a translational spring and damper system. The airfoil is subjected to non-sinusoidal pitching and sinusoidal heaving motion through external excitation. Under the influence of time varying fluid forces, the net energy extraction can be achieved from the system. The impact of non-sinusoidal pitching motion and airfoil thickness is studied, using simulations in Ansys Fluent ®, on the performance of such energy harvesters. Airfoil motion is accommodated by allowing the use of sliding meshes. The User Defined Functions(UDFs) are used to induce airfoil and mesh motion. Heaving motion is realized by reference frame motion. Different non-sinusoidal profiles are tested and their effect of energy extraction performance is investigated. It is found that the major part of energy extraction obtained by heaving motion. The non-sinusoidal pitching motion helps improve the formation and development of leading edge vortex, synchronization of vertical force and vertical velocity by increasing the peak value of vertical force. This results in an improved energy extraction performance. The maximum power extraction efficiency of 39.12% is achieved for NACA at Re=1100 for selectively tuned parameters.</p
Advancements in energy harvesting techniques for sustainable IoT devices
No full textThis paper reviews the energy harvesting techniques for sustainable Internet of Things (IoT) devices. With the passage of time, more things and objects are connected to the internet, paving the way for the development of IoT. The term IoT describes the network of everyday devices that are interconnected together and exchange data via the Internet. Wireless sensors are included in IoT devices to collect data in an accurate and useful way for process monitoring and activity control. The batteries that run these wireless sensors have a limited lifespan, rapidly drain, and need replacement. The replacement and maintenance process is costly; thus, smart energy management is essential for IoT devices to be energy-efficient. Therefore, energy harvesting is a promising method to supply such low-powered IoT devices by utilizing various energy resources. This energy can be harvested from different environmental, mechanical, chemical, and bioenergy sources, eliminating battery dependence. First, this review explains the importance of energy harvesting techniques for powering IoT devices, followed by IoT energy harvesting. Then it explains different energy harvesting techniques, followed by a table showing the analysis of these techniques. After that, this review explains the cost of these harvesters. Finally, there are future recommendations and conclusion, which shows some challenges that IoT energy harvesting faces that need to be addressed to grow sustainable IoT devices
AL 'ANASIR AL DAHILIYYAH FI QISAH " FI GHAFWAH AL AQDAR" LI MAHMUD TAIMUR (DIRASAH TAHLILIYYAH DAKHILIYYAH 'INDA ROBERT STANTON)
No full textSkripsi yang berjudul “Unsur-Unsur Intrinsik Dalam Cerpen Fii Ghafwah Al-Aqdar Karya Mahmud Taimur (Studi Analisis Intrinsik Robert Stanton)” ini bertujuan mendeskripsikan unsur-unsur intrinsik dalam cerpen Fii Ghafwah Al-Aqdar menggunakan teori Robert Stanton yang meliputi fakta cerita (karakter, alur, latar), tema, dan sarana sastra (judul, sudut pandang, gaya dan tone, simbolisme, dan ironi). Selain itu juga menentukan tipe fiksinya. Cerpen ini bercerita tentang kehidupan gadis yatim piatu yang tidak mengenal saudaranya dan bekerja sebagai pelayan rumah tangga pada keluarga kaya raya di ibu kota. Metode penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu teknik kepustakaan berupa baca dan catat.
Hasil analisis cerpen ini adalah pertama, fakta cerita terdiri dari tokoh yaitu Fikriyah sebagai tokoh utama dan lima tokoh tambahan lainnya dengan karakter masing-masing. Kedua, alur cerpen ini menggunakan alur maju. Ketiga, latar dalam cerpen ini adalah latar tempat yang terdiri dari rumah majikan, teras rumah majikan, lokasi penyelamatan, rumah wanita tua, dan jalanan. Latar waktunya adalah malam hari, senja hari, siang hari, keesokan harinya, dan pada waktu itu. Kedua, tema dalam cerpen ini adalah kesengsaraan kehidupan gadis yatim piatu di ibu kota. Ketiga, sarana-sarana sastra dalam cerpen ini adalah judul yang relevan dengan karyanya karena makna judulnya adalah sesuatu penting telah terjadi dalam kondisi tenang yaitu tidur. Sudut pandang yang digunakan adalah sudut pandang ketiga terbatas. Gaya dan tone dalam cerpen ini menggunakan bahasa yang lugas, detail, dan menggunakan kata-kata yang indah dengan tone sedih dan penuh perasaan. Simbol dalam cerpen adalah banteng yang melambangkan kekuatan. Ironi dalam cerpen terjadi pada Fikriyah yaitu sebagian laki-laki yang memanfaatkan momen Fikriyah terkenal menjadi kompetisi mendapatkannya untuk mendapatkan pujian dari kemenangan. Kemudian, tipe fiksi yang terdapat pada cerpen tersebut adalah fiksi naturalisme
Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting: Towards a framework for Pakistan
No full textCorporations disseminate Corporate Social Responsibility Reporting (CSRR) to discharge accountability and transparency to their stakeholders and achieve corporate legitimacy in society. Originating from the developed countries, CSRR practices have been mainly dominated by the ideas and practices from the United States, United Kingdom, Germany, and Australia, etc., which have influenced CSRR practices in developing countries. Several scholars argue that CSRR is a context-specific concept, and therefore it should incorporate the contextual factors including the socio-economic, political, religious, and cultural factors of the country, and should be based on the perspectives of local stakeholders. The call to incorporate contextual factors provides the impetus for this study to develop a context-specific CSRR framework and to evaluate current CSRR practices of public listed companies in Pakistan. The three interrelated objectives of the study are, (a) to construct a stakeholder-based CSRR index for Pakistani corporations, (b) to evaluate the extent and quality of CSRR practices of Pakistani listed companies, and (c) to examine the factors influencing CSRR practices in Pakistan. To achieve the objectives of the study, a sequential mixed-methods approach was employed and the investigation was completed in three stages. In the first stage, a CSRR index consisting of 70 items was developed in consultation with 50 Pakistani stakeholders from eight groups representing corporate managers, customers, religious clerics, investors, auditors and accountants, corporate employees, government regulators, and academicians. In the second stage, the stakeholders-based CSRR index was applied to the annual reports of 25 listed Pakistani corporations to evaluate the extent and quality of CSRR practices in Pakistan. Finally, statistical techniques, including the correlation and multiple regression analysis, were employed to determine the impact of twelve company-specific factors on the CSRR practices of the Pakistani corporations examined.
To provide insights on the findings, the study adopts an integrated theoretical framework including stakeholder theory, legitimacy theory, institutional theory, signaling theory, and agency theory. The interpretation with reference to the theoretical framework provides insights into the CSRR practices of Pakistani corporations. In addition, the study also examines the theories in light of the empirical findings. The findings of the study suggest a considerably low extent and quality of CSRR practices in Pakistan. It points to a significant information gap between the expectations of Pakistani stakeholders and the actual CSRR disclosed by the Pakistani corporations. It is argued that low stakeholders’ activism, the weak influence of normative and coercive forces, and the absence of context-specific CSRR framework and guidelines lead to the low extent and quality of CSRR observed in this study. The regression analysis reveals that firm size, industry, the board size, family ownership, and government ownership significantly influence the CSRR practices in Pakistan. However, this association was not evident with respect to profitability, financial leverage, audit type, firm age, independent and women directors, and foreign ownership. The empirical findings, which are interpreted through the theoretical lenses adopted in this study, indicate that CSRR in Pakistan is used for reputational and impression management, window-dressing, and greenwashing purposes rather than to discharge accountability and transparency to the extended stakeholder groups.
The study makes several contributions to the field of CSRR from multiple perspectives. First, the study contributes in the form of a CSRR framework that would guide the CSRR practices and enable the regulatory authorities to make policies and statutory recommendations for the enforcement of CSRR in Pakistan. Second, it contributes to the extant literature by suggesting a systematic method and approach to construct a CSRR index and evaluate CSRR practices in line with the stakeholders’ perspectives and contextual factors. Third, this study highlights the implications of CSRR practices in an Islamic context and therefore contributes to the Islamic scholarship on CSRR. Finally, the study provides new empirical insights on CSRR theories in light of the specific context of a predominantly Islamic country
IMPACT OF POLITICAL AND CATASTROPHIC EVENTS ON STOCK RETURNS
No full textThis study intends to find the impact of political and catastrophic events on stock returns of Karachi Stock Exchange (KSE-100 Index). A total of forty three political and four catastrophic events have been considered from May 1998 to September 2013. Political events are further divided into two groups i.e., favorable political events and unfavorable political events. The impact is checked for political, catastrophic, favorable political and unfavorable political events for 1 day, 5 days, 10 days and 15 days event windows. The results suggest that mean returns before and after political events were different on 5 days window. Thus, political events do have an impact on stock returns, however, it does not last longer and returns are normalized afterwards. Similarly, favorable political events also have impact on stock returns only on 5 days window. Unfavorable political events show abrupt (one day) impact and 5 days impact. Catastrophic events show no impact on stock returns using 1 day, 5 days and 10 days event windows. However, the impact was observed on 15 days event window. These results indicate that Karachi Stock Exchange is inefficient in semi strong form
Armed Political Conflict Between Supporters of a Civil Rule System and Supporters of a Religious Imamate System in the Sultanate of Oman - Secret British Documents - Oman Encyclopedia Source (1954 - 1971)
No full textThis research deals with an important topic of contemporary Arab history and focuses precisely on the armed conflict that the Sultanate of Oman witnessed in the period between May 1954; it is the period that followed the death of Imam Muhammad bin Abdullah al-Khalili to 1971, the period in which the conflict ended after Sultan Qaboos bin Said bin Taimur assumed power. As for the historical sources of research are completely confined to secret British political documents published by the Center for Arab Unity Studies; it was translated by Dr. Muhammad bin Abdullah bin Muhammad al-Harithi in 2007, in six volumes containing more than ten thousand documents. With regard to the methodology, the researcher followed the historical methodology that is based on investigating the educational material and proving it chronologically to clarify the reality of the events satisfactorily and appropriately; the research between the historical and political methodology focuses on highlighting the basic factors of the conflict and the limitation of scientific material and its trial, on identifying the causes of conflict and show its effects on the spatial framework of the research, which is the Sultanate of Oman. Keywords: Oman, History, Politics, Imamate, International Relations. DOI: 10.7176/RHSS/13-7-05 Publication date: April 30th 202
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