4 research outputs found
KEEFEKTIFAN PEMBELAJARAN TEKS EKSPOSISI SECARA LISAN MENGGUNAKAN MODEL PROBING PROMPTING DAN MODEL THINK PAIR SQUARE BERBANTUAN MEDIA AUDIOVISUAL PADA PESERTA DIDIK KELAS X SMA
No full textRamadhan, Muhammad Ravi. 2024. “Keefektifan Pembelajaran Teks Eksposisi
Secara Lisan Menggunakan Model Probing Prompting dan Model
Think Pair Square Berbantuan Media Audiovisual pada Peserta
Didik Kelas X SMA”. Skripsi, Jurusan Bahasa dan Sastra Indonesia.
Fakultas Bahasa dan Seni. Universitas Negeri Semarang.
Pembimbing Dr. Rahayu Pristiwati, M.Pd.
Kata Kunci: teks eksposisi secara lisan, probing prompting, think pair square,
media audiovisual
Berbicara atau berbahasa secara lisan menjadi salah satu aspek dari empat
keterampilan berbahasa yang diajarkan di jenjang SMA. Aspek ini merupakan
aspek penting untuk menciptakan peserta didik yang kritis dan kreatif, terutama
dalam berkomunikasi secara lisan. Berdasarkan hasil observasi dan wawancara,
keterampilan menyampaikan teks eksposisi secara lisan pada peserta didik kelas X
SMAN 1 Sukorejo belum optimal karena model pembelajaran yang digunakan
masih konvensional. Oleh karena itu, dilakukan penelitian ini dengan tujuan
mengetahui keefektifan pembelajaran teks eksposisi secara lisan menggunakan
model probing prompting dan model think pair square berbantuan media
audiovisual pada peserta didik kelas X SMAN 1 Sukorejo.
Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimen dengan desain quasi
experimental design, khususnya nonequivalent control group design. Instrumen
yang digunakan yaitu instrumen tes dan nontes. Instrumen tes berbentuk instrumen
tes unjuk kerja atau praktik, sedangkan instrumen nontes meliputi lembar observasi,
pedoman wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Adapun analisis data penelitian ini
dilakukan untuk menguji kelayakan instrumen penelitian, menguji persyaratan
analisis data, dan menguji hipotesis. Untuk menguji kelayakan instrumen penelitian
digunakan analisis validitas dan reabilitas. Untuk menguji persyaratan analisis data
digunakan analisis normalitas dan homogenitas. Sementara, untuk analisis data
digunakan uji paired sampel t-test untuk mengetahui keefektifan media video
animasi dan film pendek berbantuan TikTok serta uji independent sample t-test.
Pengujian-pengujian tersebut dilakukan dengan bantuan SPSS versi 29.
Hasil penelitian ini yaitu t-hitung kelas eksperimen I (65,522) dan t-hitung
kelas eksperimen II (60,583) lebih besar dari t-tabel (1,666). Berdasarkan uji
independent t-test didapatkan hasil bahwa nilai t-hitung (1,702) lebih besar dari t-
tabel (1,666). Sementara, berdasarkan perhitungan selisih skor rata-rata, nilai model
think pair square (19,44) lebih besar daripada model probing prompting (17,36).
Saran dari penelitian ini yaitu (1) bagi pendidik, penelitian ini diharapkan
dapat dijadikan sebagai alternatif untuk melakukan pembaharuan dalam memilih
penggunaan model pembelajaran, misalnya model probing prompting dan think
pair square, (2) bagi peserta didik, dianjurkan untuk menggunakan media
pembelajaran, khususnya media audioviusal agar didapatkan gambaran yang lebih
detail dan contoh yang lebih konkret sehingga lebih mudah dalam memahami suatu
materi pembelajaran, terutama pembelajaran teks eksposisi secara lisan, dan (3)
bagi para peneliti selanjutnya, diharapkan dapat menggunakan hasil penelitian ini
sebagai referensi untuk melakukan penelitian yang serupa atau penelitian lanjutan
Panopticonism dalam Media Massa (Analisis Wacana Berita Kasus Pemerkosaan Yn yang ditayangkan pada Program AIMAN Kompas TV Mei 2016)
No full textThis study discusses about the informative role of mass media that could be utilized as anappliance to control attitute and behavior of the society. The informative role could be definedas a form of specific criminal action including the sanctions that could ensnare all involvedperpretrators, while mass media used for the discussion is an investigation coverage, whichwas aired by Kompas TV. This study aims to explain about the application of panopticonismconcept through mass media. As previous research only focused to the discussion about massmedia role in controlling the criminal forms, but they did not explain further about the role ofmass media, which potentially could be utilized to control attitute and behavior of the society.Whereas, criminal representation through media generates discourse to deliver messagesto the public. Because most of criminal reporting on mass media do not only show aboutcronological information, but also the sanctions and policies that could ensnare all involvedperpetrators. With the result, through the informative role of mass media it could be expectedto generate impressions regarding surveillance and disciplinary action to the public
Analisis Perancangan Sistem Perpipaan Bwts Dengan Radiasi Uv Pada Mv Guo Tai Ping An
No full textIMO telah menerapkan aturan untuk kapal yang berlayar rute internasional harus memiliki Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS). MV Guo Tai Ping An akan melakukan pergantian rute awal domestic menjadi international. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini akan menganalisa secara teknis pemasangan Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS) pada MV Guo Tai Ping An menggunakan metode radiasi ultraviolet. Radiasi Ultraviolet dinilai lebih efektif dalam membunuh microorganisme yang terkandung dalam air laut dibandingkan metode lainnya. Penelitian ini akan menganalisa secara kebutuhan pompa, Load generator, Yield Strength, efisiensi bahan bakar dan melakukan perancangan system perpipaan air ballast dengan Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS). Lalu hasil perancangan tersebut akan digunakan untuk simulasi CFD yang hasilnya dibandingkan dengan perhitungan matematis. Setelah dilakukan perhitungan, Head yang dibutuhkan oleh system ballast setelah pemasangan BWTS sebanyak 19.177 m. sedangkan pompa yang terpasang pada MV Guo Tai Ping An sebesar 25.5 m. Load factor kapal saat keadaan Arriving dan departure Setelah terpasang BWTS sebanyak 70%. Yang dimana Generator bekerja secara efektif karena semakin mendekati angka 85%. Untuk perbandingan Head losses perhitungan matematis dan perhitungan simulasi CFD hanya mendapatkan selisih 1 m. dimana perhitungan manual sebanyak 14.052 m dan hasil simulasi sebanyak 13.026 m. secara efisiensi bahan bakar, dengan menggunakan BWTS metode UV akan menurunkan biaya tahunan sebanyak 38%
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IMO has implemented rules for ships sailing international routes must have a Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS). MV Guo Tai Ping An will change the route from domestic to international. Therefore this study will technically analyze the installation of the Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS) at MV Guo Tai Ping An using the ultraviolet radiation method. Ultraviolet radiation is considered more effective in killing microorganisms contained in seawater than other methods. This research will analyze the need for pumps, load generators, Yield Strength, fuel efficiency and design a ballast water piping system with a Ballast Water Treatment System (BWTS). Then the design results will be used for CFD simulations whose results are compared with mathematical calculations. After calculating, the head needed by the ballast system after installing BWTS is 19,177 m. while the pump installed on the MV Guo Tai Ping An is 25.5 m. The ship's load factor when arriving and departing after BWTS is installed is 70%. Which is where the Generator works effectively because it is getting closer to 85%. For comparison of head losses, mathematical calculations and CFD simulation calculations only get a difference of 1 m. where the manual calculation is 14,052 m and the simulation results are 13,026 m. In terms of fuel efficiency, using the BWTS UV method will reduce annual costs by 38%
Global age-sex-specific all-cause mortality and life expectancy estimates for 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1950–2023: a demographic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023
No full textComprehensive, comparable, and timely estimates of demographic metrics—including life expectancy and age-specific mortality—are essential for evaluating, understanding, and addressing trends in population health. The COVID-19 pandemic highlighted the importance of timely and all-cause mortality estimates for being able to respond to changing trends in health outcomes, showing a strong need for demographic analysis tools that can produce all-cause mortality estimates more rapidly with more readily available all-age vital registration (VR) data. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) is an ongoing research effort that quantifies human health by estimating a range of epidemiological quantities of interest across time, age, sex, location, cause, and risk. This study—part of the latest GBD release, GBD 2023—aims to provide new and updated estimates of all-cause mortality and life expectancy for 1950 to 2023 using a novel statistical model that accounts for complex correlation structures in demographic data across age and time. We used 24 025 data sources from VR, sample registration, surveys, censuses, and other sources to estimate all-cause mortality for males, females, and all sexes combined across 25 age groups in 204 countries and territories as well as 660 subnational units in 20 countries and territories, for the years 1950–2023. For the first time, we used complete birth history data for ages 5–14 years, age-specific sibling history data for ages 15–49 years, and age-specific mortality data from Health and Demographic Surveillance Systems. We developed a single statistical model that incorporates both parametric and non-parametric methods, referred to as OneMod, to produce estimates of all-cause mortality for each age-sex-location group. OneMod includes two main steps: a detailed regression analysis with a generalised linear modelling tool that accounts for age-specific covariate effects such as the Socio-demographic Index (SDI) and a population attributable fraction (PAF) for all risk factors combined; and a non-parametric analysis of residuals using a multivariate kernel regression model that smooths across age and time to adaptably follow trends in the data without overfitting. We calibrated asymptotic uncertainty estimates using Pearson residuals to produce 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) and corresponding 1000 draws. Life expectancy was calculated from age-specific mortality rates with standard demographic methods. For each measure, 95% UIs were calculated with the 25th and 975th ordered values from a 1000-draw posterior distribution. In 2023, 60·1 million (95% UI 59·0–61·1) deaths occurred globally, of which 4·67 million (4·59–4·75) were in children younger than 5 years. Due to considerable population growth and ageing since 1950, the number of annual deaths globally increased by 35·2% (32·2–38·4) over the 1950–2023 study period, during which the global age-standardised all-cause mortality rate declined by 66·6% (65·8–67·3). Trends in age-specific mortality rates between 2011 and 2023 varied by age group and location, with the largest decline in under-5 mortality occurring in east Asia (67·7% decrease); the largest increases in mortality for those aged 5–14 years, 25–29 years, and 30–39 years occurring in high-income North America (11·5%, 31·7%, and 49·9%, respectively); and the largest increases in mortality for those aged 15–19 years and 20–24 years occurring in Eastern Europe (53·9% and 40·1%, respectively). We also identified higher than previously estimated mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa for all sexes combined aged 5–14 years (87·3% higher in GBD 2023 than GBD 2021 on average across countries and territories over the 1950–2021 period) and for females aged 15–29 years (61·2% higher), as well as lower than previously estimated mortality rates in sub-Saharan Africa for all sexes combined aged 50 years and older (13·2% lower), reflecting advances in our modelling approach. Global life expectancy followed three distinct trends over the study period. First, between 1950 and 2019, there were considerable improvements, from 51·2 (50·6–51·7) years for females and 47·9 (47·4–48·4) years for males in 1950 to 76·3 (76·2–76·4) years for females and 71·4 (71·3–71·5) years for males in 2019. Second, this period was followed by a decrease in life expectancy during the COVID-19 pandemic, to 74·7 (74·6–74·8) years for females and 69·3 (69·2–69·4) years for males in 2021. Finally, the world experienced a period of post-pandemic recovery in 2022 and 2023, wherein life expectancy generally returned to pre-pandemic (2019) levels in 2023 (76·3 [76·0–76·6] years for females and 71·5 [71·2–71·8] years for males). 194 (95·1%) of 204 countries and territories experienced at least partial post-pandemic recovery in age-standardised mortality rates by 2023, with 61·8% (126 of 204) recovering to or falling below pre-pandemic levels. There were several mortality trajectories during and following the pandemic across countries and territories. Long-term mortality trends also varied considerably between age groups and locations, demonstrating the diverse landscape of health outcomes globally. This analysis identified several key differences in mortality trends from previous estimates, including higher rates of adolescent mortality, higher rates of young adult mortality in females, and lower rates of mortality in older age groups in much of sub-Saharan Africa. The findings also highlight stark differences across countries and territories in the timing and scale of changes in all-cause mortality trends during and following the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–23). Our estimates of evolving trends in mortality and life expectancy across locations, ages, sexes, and SDI levels in recent years as well as over the entire 1950–2023 study period provide crucial information for governments, policy makers, and the public to ensure that health-care systems, economies, and societies are prepared to address the world's health needs, particularly in populations with higher rates of mortality than previously known. The estimates from this study provide a robust framework for GBD and a valuable foundation for policy development, implementation, and evaluation around the world. Gates Foundation
