1,720,953 research outputs found
The Effect of Fermentation Time on Total Phenol, Antioxidant Content and Organoleptic Properties of Kate Mas Leaf Tea (Euphorbia heterophylla)
No full textTeh herbal telah dimanfaatkan dalam pengobatan tradisional di berbagai budaya, khususnya di Asia Tenggara. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengeksplorasi potensi pembuatan minuman teh herbal dari kombinasi daun kate mas (Euphorbia heterophylla) dan serai (Cymbopogon citratus). Daun kate mas mengandung senyawa bioaktif seperti polifenol dan flavonoid yang memiliki sifat antimikroba, antiinflamasi, dan antioksidan. Disisi lain, serai kaya akan senyawa aktif seperti alkaloid, saponin, dan tanin yang berfungsi sebagai antibakteri dan aroma terapi. Proses pembuatan teh meliputi pelayuan, penggilingan, fermentasi, dan pengeringan. Fermentasi yang dilakukan adalah fermentasi spontan dengan analisis kimia diantaranya analisis total fenol, kadar antioksidan, kadar tanin, uji fisik warna, serta analisis sensori rating hedonik pada atribut warna, aroma dan rasa. Penelitian ini mengamati pengaruh lama fermentasi pada karakteristik fisikokimia teh daun kate mas dan serai pada dua waktu fermentasi yakni 6 jam dan 12 jam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kadar antioksidan pada daun kate mas dengan lama fermentasi 6 jam dan 12 jam masing-masing sebesar 0.71% dan 0.74%. Total fenol dengan lama fermentasi 6 jam sebesar 6.26% dan lama fermentasi 12 jam sebesar 8.29%. Kadar tanin pada lama fermentasi daun kate mas 6 jam dan 12 jam masing-masing sebesar 1.01% dan 0.91%. Uji fisik warna menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kecerahan daun kate mas pada lama fermentasi 6 jam (51.40) dan 12 jam (53.34) tidak berbeda dengan kontrol (53.98). Analisis sensori rating hedonic pada teh daun kate mas dan serai dengan lama fermentasi berbeda menunjukkan bahwa tingkat kesukaan panelis meningkat pada atribut aroma (4.43) dan rasa (4.07) yang berarti suka dibandingkan sampel teh daun kate mas tanpa fermentasi.Herbal tea is one of the drinks that has been used in traditional medicine in various cultures, especially in Southeast Asia. This study aims to explore the potential of making herbal tea drinks from a combination of golden kate leaves (Euphorbia heterophylla) and lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus). Mas kate leaves contain bioactive compounds such as polyphenols and flavonoids that have antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant properties. Meanwhile, lemongrass is rich in active compounds such as alkaloids, saponins, and tannins, which function as antibacterial and aromatherapy. The process of making tea includes withering, grinding, fermentation, and drying. The fermentation carried out is spontaneous fermentation with chemical analysis including total phenol analysis, antioxidant levels, tannin levels, physical color tests, and hedonic sensory rating analysis on color, aroma and taste attributes. This study observed the effect of fermentation time on the physicochemical characteristics of golden kate leaf tea and lemongrass at two fermentation times, namely 6 hours and 12 hours. The results showed that the antioxidant levels in golden kate leaves with a fermentation time of 6 hours and 12 hours were 0.71% and 0.74%, respectively. Total phenols with a fermentation time of 6 hours were 6.26% and a fermentation time of 12 hours was 8.29%. The tannin content at the fermentation time of 6 hours and 12 hours of golden kate leaves was 1.01% and 0.91%, respectively. The physical color test showed that the brightness level of golden kate leaves at the fermentation time of 6 hours (51.40) and 12 hours (53.34) was not different from the control (53.98). The sensory hedonic rating analysis of golden kate leaves and lemongrass tea with different fermentation times showed that the panelists' preference level increased in the aroma (4.43) and taste (4.07) attributes, which means they liked it compared to the control
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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