436 research outputs found
Estimating Passenger Car Equivalent Factors for Heterogeneous Traffic Using Occupancy-Density Linear Regression Model
No full textA variety of methods have been proposed in the existing literature for the estimation of passenger car equivalent (PCE) factors. These methods are based on the comparison of selected attributes of different vehicles. This research, for the first time, utilizes the basic notion of the linear relationship between road area occupancy and density for the estimation of PCE factors for different vehicle types in heterogeneous traffic. Aerial photographs obtained from an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) were analyzed to estimate the road area occupancy and the number of vehicles classified in seven selected groups. A linear least-squares regression model was developed between road area occupancy and classified vehicle count. The coefficients of the occupancy-density linear regression model were used to estimate PCE and motorcycle equivalent (MCE) factors. The comparison of the estimated set of PCE values with the values reported in the literature shows that PCE factors estimated using the proposed method are reasonable and produce a better occupancy-density relationship than the other studies. In comparison with the existing methods that rely on lane-based measurements, the proposed method is well suited for traffic with weak/no lane discipline, as it considers the entire road width and the dynamics of lateral movement of different types of vehicles. The proposed method does not need extensive traffic data of speeds, headways, flow rates, and so forth, and is applicable on aerial photographs obtained from other sources, such as satellites.Funding
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: This research was supported with funding from Exascale Open Data Analytics Lab, National Center for Big Data and Cloud Computing (NCBC) and the Higher Education Commission of Pakistan.
Acknowledgments
The authors are thankful to research students Syed Hassan Ali, Haseeb Ahmed, Zohaib Ahmed, Aqib Abbasi, Asad Rehan, Mirza Ali Haider, Syed Abbas Hasan Zaidi, and Omema for their help in this research
Development of reactive powder concrete with recycled tyre steel fiber
No full textReactive Powder Concrete (RPC) is a part of an ultra-high-strength concrete family. It has a dense matrix due to a very low water-cement ratio, which increases its brittleness. Therefore, RPC is produced with a high volume of fiber reinforcement to attain ductility and fire resistance. Unfortunately, new fibers are expensive and yield a high carbon footprint. The rise in the cost and carbon footprint of fiber-reinforced RPC can be controlled by using Recycled Steel Fibers (RSF) derived from scrap tyres. In this study experimental campaign is conducted to compare the mechanical performance of RPC with new steel fiber (NSF) and RSF. Performance of NSF and RSF is compared at 0%, 1%, 2%, 3% and 4% volume fractions. The studied properties are bond strength, compressive strength (CS), splitting-tensile strength (STS), flexural strength (FS), and ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV). Testing results showed that 3% RSF improves the CS, STS, and FS of plain-RPC by 9%, 23% and 58%, respectively. RSF-RPC performs around 90% potential of equivalent NSF-RPC in all mechanical properties at the same volume of fiber. RSF has implications for a cheap and eco-friendly substitute for NSF. The optimum dosage of NSF and RSF is 2% considering maximum mechanical strength without a significant increase of the self-load.No Full Tex
Risk Factors of Blood Transfusion during Caesarean Delivery in Rural Area of Sindh
No full textIntroduction: Hemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal deaths; particularly in developing countries. Bleeding in pregnant ladies is an indication of blood transfusion with all its attended risk.
Objective: This study was conducted to identify the factors necessitate blood transfusion during cesarean section.
Methodology: A total number of 2855 of pregnant women scheduled for emergency cesarean section or elective cesarean section at Bhurgri Hospital, rural area of Sindh, between July 2014 and December 2017. Participant were followed from the date of admission to the date of discharge and then for two weeks. Preoperative Hb level and the need for blood transfusion, clinical experience of obstetrician, indication for caesarean section, primary or repeat caesarean section and status of HBsAg/HCV were assessed.
Results: A total of the numbers of 4823 patients had deliveries from July-2014 to Dec-2017.Among them, 2855 patients underwent cesarean delivery, the ratio of cesarean section was recorded as 59.19%. All pregnant women who underwent cesarean delivery selected for our study. The mean age of the women who had surgery was 26 years.
Conclusion: Preoperative anemia, increasing parity, severe blood loss at surgery and status of HBs/HCV significantly contributes to require for blood transfusion in pregnant women undergoing a surgery (cesarean section).
Keywords: Caesarean section, Blood product transfusion, Risk factors, Anemia, HBs, HCV
Mulanā Muhammad Jalal ud Din Qādri and His Methodology in “Ahkam Ul Qur’ān”: A Research Analysis
No full textThe Qur’an, ‘the respectable’ is the most preferred and safest of all the revealed scriptures. Generally the entire Qur’an is the source of guidance but it has been categorized according to the discussed subjects. One among the categories is ‘Ahkaam’. In the verses of Ahkaam various laws and commands have been described for the guidance and ease of human beings. These verses have been interpreted and explained in different periods after Prophet-hood. From among those scholars who have stayed on the interpretation of Ahkaam only, Ibn Ul Arabi, Qurtubi, Jassas, and Lakiya al Harasi are popular. These scholars have offered their services in Arabic language but in the recent past, in the subcontinent, work on it has been taken up in Urdu as well. Mulana Jalal ud Din Qadri’s ‘Ahkaam ul Qur’an’ is a very important scholarly achievement. Which style and manner Mulana Jalal ud Din Qadri has adopted in Ahkaam ul Qur’an? Has he adopted the method of earlier interpreters in the interpretation of the verses of Ahkaam? Or has he adopted a new method? In order to answer these questions the following treatise has been arranged. In this treatise, the definition, ordainment, books, number of verses of Ahkaam and Qadri’s manhaj (methodology in finding truth) in Ahkaam ul Qur’an has been mentioned
Supplementary_Figure_S2 – Supplemental material for Widespread expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Nrf2 in patients treated with cisplatin predicts outcome in resected tumors and are potential therapeutic targets for HPV-negative head and neck cancer
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_Figure_S2 for Widespread expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Nrf2 in patients treated with cisplatin predicts outcome in resected tumors and are potential therapeutic targets for HPV-negative head and neck cancer by Abu Shadat M. Noman, Rashed R. Parag, Muhammad I. Rashid, Mohammad Z. Rahman, Ali A. Chowdhury, Afrin Sultana, Chandsultana Jerin, Ayesha Siddiqua, Lutfur Rahman, Afsana Shirin, Junayed Nayeem, Reaz Mahmud, Sonam Akther, Rajib K. Shil, Ikram Hossain, Sharmin Alam, Arfina Chowdhury, Shabnam B. Basher, Abul Hasan, Shammy Bithy, Jannatul Aklima, Mizanur Rahman, Nabila Chowdhury, Tahmina Banu, Bedri Karakas, Herman Yeger, Walid A. Farhat and Syed S. Islam in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p
Supplementary_Figure_S3 – Supplemental material for Widespread expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Nrf2 in patients treated with cisplatin predicts outcome in resected tumors and are potential therapeutic targets for HPV-negative head and neck cancer
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_Figure_S3 for Widespread expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Nrf2 in patients treated with cisplatin predicts outcome in resected tumors and are potential therapeutic targets for HPV-negative head and neck cancer by Abu Shadat M. Noman, Rashed R. Parag, Muhammad I. Rashid, Mohammad Z. Rahman, Ali A. Chowdhury, Afrin Sultana, Chandsultana Jerin, Ayesha Siddiqua, Lutfur Rahman, Afsana Shirin, Junayed Nayeem, Reaz Mahmud, Sonam Akther, Rajib K. Shil, Ikram Hossain, Sharmin Alam, Arfina Chowdhury, Shabnam B. Basher, Abul Hasan, Shammy Bithy, Jannatul Aklima, Mizanur Rahman, Nabila Chowdhury, Tahmina Banu, Bedri Karakas, Herman Yeger, Walid A. Farhat and Syed S. Islam in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p
Supplementary_Table__S1 – Supplemental material for Widespread expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Nrf2 in patients treated with cisplatin predicts outcome in resected tumors and are potential therapeutic targets for HPV-negative head and neck cancer
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_Table__S1 for Widespread expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Nrf2 in patients treated with cisplatin predicts outcome in resected tumors and are potential therapeutic targets for HPV-negative head and neck cancer by Abu Shadat M. Noman, Rashed R. Parag, Muhammad I. Rashid, Mohammad Z. Rahman, Ali A. Chowdhury, Afrin Sultana, Chandsultana Jerin, Ayesha Siddiqua, Lutfur Rahman, Afsana Shirin, Junayed Nayeem, Reaz Mahmud, Sonam Akther, Rajib K. Shil, Ikram Hossain, Sharmin Alam, Arfina Chowdhury, Shabnam B. Basher, Abul Hasan, Shammy Bithy, Jannatul Aklima, Mizanur Rahman, Nabila Chowdhury, Tahmina Banu, Bedri Karakas, Herman Yeger, Walid A. Farhat and Syed S. Islam in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p
Supplementary_Figure_S1 – Supplemental material for Widespread expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Nrf2 in patients treated with cisplatin predicts outcome in resected tumors and are potential therapeutic targets for HPV-negative head and neck cancer
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_Figure_S1 for Widespread expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Nrf2 in patients treated with cisplatin predicts outcome in resected tumors and are potential therapeutic targets for HPV-negative head and neck cancer by Abu Shadat M. Noman, Rashed R. Parag, Muhammad I. Rashid, Mohammad Z. Rahman, Ali A. Chowdhury, Afrin Sultana, Chandsultana Jerin, Ayesha Siddiqua, Lutfur Rahman, Afsana Shirin, Junayed Nayeem, Reaz Mahmud, Sonam Akther, Rajib K. Shil, Ikram Hossain, Sharmin Alam, Arfina Chowdhury, Shabnam B. Basher, Abul Hasan, Shammy Bithy, Jannatul Aklima, Mizanur Rahman, Nabila Chowdhury, Tahmina Banu, Bedri Karakas, Herman Yeger, Walid A. Farhat and Syed S. Islam in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p
Supplementary_Table_S2 – Supplemental material for Widespread expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Nrf2 in patients treated with cisplatin predicts outcome in resected tumors and are potential therapeutic targets for HPV-negative head and neck cancer
No full textSupplemental material, Supplementary_Table_S2 for Widespread expression of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) and Nrf2 in patients treated with cisplatin predicts outcome in resected tumors and are potential therapeutic targets for HPV-negative head and neck cancer by Abu Shadat M. Noman, Rashed R. Parag, Muhammad I. Rashid, Mohammad Z. Rahman, Ali A. Chowdhury, Afrin Sultana, Chandsultana Jerin, Ayesha Siddiqua, Lutfur Rahman, Afsana Shirin, Junayed Nayeem, Reaz Mahmud, Sonam Akther, Rajib K. Shil, Ikram Hossain, Sharmin Alam, Arfina Chowdhury, Shabnam B. Basher, Abul Hasan, Shammy Bithy, Jannatul Aklima, Mizanur Rahman, Nabila Chowdhury, Tahmina Banu, Bedri Karakas, Herman Yeger, Walid A. Farhat and Syed S. Islam in Therapeutic Advances in Medical Oncology</p
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