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Supercritical fluid extraction of ginger (Zingiber Officinale Var. Amarum) : Global yield and composition study
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Hydrothermal liquefaction limbah distilasi bietanol generasi-2
No full textDalam penelitian ini dilakukan proses hydrothermal liquefaction limbah distilasi bioetanol generasi-2 dari tandan kosong kelapa sawit. Penelitian difokuskan untuk mengetahui pengaruh parameter-parameter fisik dan kimia terhadap karakteristik produk liquid yang dihasilkan. Untuk parameter fisik yang diamati adalah suhu (250–310°C) dan waktu proses (0-120 menit), sedangkan untuk parameter kimia akan diamati pengaruh penambahan katalis Na2CO3 dan K2CO3 (0-20%). Berdasarkan hasil analisa elemental dan perhitungan nilai kalor, suhu dan waktu proses optimum adalah 270°C dan 30 menit. Penambahan katalis Na2CO3 dan K2CO3 menyebabkan turunnya nilai kalor dari produk liquid dan memperlihatkan pola yang fluktuatif. Sementara itu, senyawa kimia yang terkandung dalam produk liquid berdasarkan hasil analisa GC-MS adalah 2,3-butandiol; asam asetat; aseton; etanol; gliserin; fenol; 2,6-dimetoksi fenol; 2-metoksi fenol dan propilen glikol. Semakin besar konsentrasi katalis Na2CO3 meningkatkan konsentrasi etanol dalam produk liquid, yakni mencapai sekitar 16 mol % Carbon pada 20% Na2CO3. Sedangkan penggunaan katalis K2CO3 tidak memberikan pengaruh yang signifikan.</jats:p
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Numerical simulation on the elucidation of wake flow structure behind a single Quarter Elliptic-Wedge Spire
Get PDFThe urban heat island phenomenon has become a significant concern worldwide and its impact can be devastated. One of the most common factors of the UHI is poor ventilation i.e. the incapability of airflow to reduce the temperature in an urban area due to velocity deficit from a poorly designed city layout. Hence, a good understanding of the interaction between the wake flow behind a building and the urban boundary layer is necessary. Therefore, a study investigates the wake flow structure behind a single spire, which imitates a skyscraper, and its aerodynamic interaction with the smooth wall boundary layer based on CFD by utilising OpenFOAM® with the k-ε turbulence model has been conducted. The lateral velocity profile was extracted and analysed to observe the velocity deficit profile. It was found that the lateral velocity profile of the current study is aligned with the previous WT experimental data. The turbulence generated by the spire has the capability to preserve the wake flow against the recovery process both in vertical and streamwise directions. Furthermore, the distance required by the wake flow to be fully recovered is estimated to be around 40S in the streamwise direction. Finally, based on the wake flow and gradient diffusion model relation, it can be concluded that the flow structure above the BLH is specified as a typical 2D wake of a bluff body in a free stream for the near wake region only
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