22 research outputs found
Correction: An explainable hybrid deep learning framework for precise skin lesion segmentation and multi-class classification
No full textA Correction on
An explainable hybrid deep learning framework for precise skin lesion segmentation and multi-class classification
by Fiaz, M., Shoaib Khan, M. B., Khan, A. H., Bilal, A., Abdullah, M., Darem, A. A., and Sarwar, R. (2025). Front. Med. 12:1681542. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2025.1681542
In the published article, there was a mistake in the Acknowledgments. The project number for Northern Border University support was shown as “NBU-CRP-2025-2903”. The correct statement is:
“The authors are thankful to the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at the University of Bisha for supporting this work through the Fast-Track Research Support Program, and the authors extend their appreciation to Northern Border University, Saudi Arabia, for supporting this work through project number NBU-FFR-2025-2903-17.
ENGLISH-PROPHET (P.B.U.H.)’S TEACHINGS FOR ERADICATING BEGGARY
No full textAmong the many blessings of the teachings of the Holy Prophet, is one that enlightened mankind of his superiority over other beings. Having been declared as the Creator’s favorite, all the miracles of this universe have been designed for man’s benefit. He is the one endowed with intelligence, and the one granted the honor of worshipping Allah. Thus, due to this position of high esteem, it does not appear fit for him to beg in front of his fellow beings. The time that it all began is difficult to decide, but beggary is a known shame for mankind, which the Prophet (P.B.U.H.) sought to eradicate. His teachings in this regard are summarized as follows
التدابير الواقية من الأمرض والأوبئة في ضوء السنة(دارسة تحليلية)
No full textIslam has urged humankind on taking protective measures from diseases and epidemics. It considered the precautionary steps better before the occurrence of diseases and has endorsed modern preventive medicine which is a set of teachings and instructions practiced to protect humans from communicable, imported diseases and spread of infection before they occur. In the past, the Arabs used to say in the form of their famous proverbs: “See the doctor before you get sick” “An ounce of prevention is better than a pound of cure”, “Prevention is better than cure” and as said by The famous Arab physician Harith bin Kalda: “Diet is the head of medicine, and the stomach is the home of disease, and return everybody to what it is accustomed to”.
If someone ponders over the Prophetic Sunnah will find a large number of hadiths urging people to take a diet before the occurrence of disease and the spread of epidemics. And from that, the Prophet (PBUH) commanded to flee from the leper, and forbid to enter the land of the plague, and urged to pay attention to purity and cleanliness, and to adhere to certain standards in food, drink, sleep, wakefulness. And urged to control the animals that carry the infection, and Prohibition of adultery and other sexual perversions. In fact, our Prophet (PBUH) was the founder of the basis of quarantine (which is to isolate the sick from the healthy) when he said: “A nurse is not mentioned in a sanatorium”. All of these directives are measures that help protect people from diseases and epidemics, and also help them in treatment after falling as well.
Due to the importance of this topic, particularly the Corona pandemic, I have tried to collect prophetic hadiths in this regard, focusing on their authenticity, mentioning the inferred prophetic remedies, highlighting the scientific discoveries that were in agreement with the Sunnah more than a thousand and four hundred years ago
ENGLISH-THE THEORIES OF SCHOLARS OF PAKISTAN AND INDIA ON LATEST DEVELOPMENTS IN THE METHODS OF CONTINUAL OF HUMAN LINEAGE.
No full textThis paper discusses the different theories by scholars from the countries of Pakistan and India on the subject of new advancements in medical science in the field of genealogy and the methods used to procreate in order to ensure the survival and continuation of the human race. Due to technology in modern times, many questions arise when science is used in a natural process and as such Muslim scholars have to consider many factors before making a decision. This article deals with the scholarly struggles of jurists of sub-continent in this field
ENGLISH-DEVELOPING AN UNDERSTANDING OF GENDER BASED SOCIAL INTERACTION PRINCIPLES IN ISLAMIC TEACHINGS
No full textThe main purpose of this study was to explore principles of gender interaction in Islamic teachings. Now-a-days Muslims find themselves asking what the guidelines are for men & women to interact and socialize with each other if they need to, except such texts do not exist. In-short, the scholars of the past dealt with the academic aspect of gender intermixing, but did not shed light on the practical side of it. Our society cannot flourish without professional and healthy interactions between men and women. Pretending that such is possible simply does not make sense. In our global society we have to interact with the opposite gender whether we live in a Muslim-majority country, or a Non-Muslim-majority country. Rather than just saying that men-women interactions are not permissible except when needed, the focus should be to provide guidelines and protocols to follow and abide by for when the time of ‘need’ arises. In this way, we can work on making every interaction professional and permissible in the sight of Allah. Since none of the classical fiqh scholars dealt with this topic in the way we intend to, it has made my job very difficult in coming up with the guidelines and protocols of permissible interactions between men and women. To do so, we have begun by analyzing all the classical Islamic texts. The study is qualitative in nature and thematic content analysis is used to achieve the objectives of study. Conclusion of the study is significant in understanding the true picture of Islamic teachings for gender based social interaction
A systematic framework for the design and material selection of composite for tennis racket upon impact
No full textAbstract The present study explores the comprehensive composite material selection methodology of a tennis racket involving coupled Multi-Criteria Decision-Making (MCDM) and numerical analysis. Initially all the possible material alternatives from the composite family were shortlisted using CES Selector 2016. A design space was developed incorporating MCDM technique naming VICKOR (VIseKriterijumska Optimizacija I Kompromisno Resenje), PROMETHEE (Preference Ranking Organisation Method for Enrichment Evaluation) and TOPSIS (Technique for Order of Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution) to rank the most suitable composite material based on critical mechanical properties to identify the most suitable composite materials for applications requiring optimal combinations of rigidity, strength, and structural performance. Using finite element analysis, the structural integrity of each of the materials was evaluated on static and dynamic stress analysis modules of ANSYS. Out of all material alternatives, T300 carbon fiber epoxy was considered as the most suitable for tennis rackets. Further, a comparison between the selected material was also made with conventional materials and were found in good agreement with selected material
Hashish Addiction at Higher Education Institutions: Factors and Remedies
No full textHashish is considered to be the most widely and commonly used drug (UNODC, 2013, p-31). Hashish looks to be in usage of university students as well. A significant number of students have been reported with the usage of hashish regularly during their studies at universities. The usage of hashish is badly affecting the psychological and physical health of the students. The addict students have been found in street crimes as well. Therefore, this paper identifies the parental and societal factors of hashish addiction in universities students. To provide the remedies to overcome the usage of hashish in students, unstructured interviews were used as a tool of research. Purposive sampling was used in the selection of participants. The study is an empirical addition in the knowledge for the comprehension of hashish addiction in the students. The findings revealed a need for school wide consistency to address the usage of hashish in the students. It was concluded that students learned the usage of hashish from their parents as well. Parental illiteracy and poverty were found major factors of hashish addiction in the students. Students adopted the usage of hashish from senior students at university climate. The study can assist the school administration to evaluate their current efforts to overcome usage of hashish in students. The recommendations of the study are supportive in launching prevention programs for the hashish addiction in the students
Exogenously Applied Sodium Nitroprusside Alleviated Cadmium Toxicity in Different Aromatic Rice Cultivars by Improving Nitric Oxide Accumulation and Modulating Oxidative Metabolism
No full textExogenous application of sodium nitroprusside (SNP) has previously been reported to trigger plant tolerance against a variety of environmental stresses. The present study was planned to investigate the possible role/s of exogenously applied SNP (50 or 100 μM) in alleviating cadmium (Cd)-induced effects on physio-biochemical processes, yield attributes, and grain quality traits of three fragrant rice cultivars, viz., Meixiangzhan-2 (MXZ), Guixiangzhan (GXZ), and Xiangyaxiangzhan (XYXZ) under 50 mg Cd kg−1 of soil. The results revealed that foliar spray of SNP (50 or 100 μM) on Cd-stressed rice plants reduced oxidative stress (lower hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and electrolyte leakage (EL)) and improved the photosynthetic apparatus through higher chlorophyll contents, gas exchange attributes, and intact chloroplast configurations, and reduced Cd concentration in the leaves and grains of aromatic rice cultivars. The reduced levels of cellular ROS, MDA, and EL were related to the endogenous NO-mediated improvement in the activity of anti-oxidative enzymes and those involved during the ascorbate–glutathione cycle. However, among the different SNP levels, the foliar spraying of 50 μM of SNP was recorded to be the best treatment for fragrant rice growth, which increased grain yield by 42.06%, 46.03%, and 31.21%, and the quality trait of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2-AP) content by 43.12%, 55.84%, and 35.72% in MXZ, GXZ, and XYXZ respectively, suggesting that GXZ is more responsive to SNP than MXZ and XYXZ fragrant rice cultivars. Collectively, our results deduced that cultivating the GXZ fragrant rice cultivar along with foliar application of 50 μM of SNP could sustain the grain yield and quality features of aromatic rice cultivation in heavy metal (especially Cd)-polluted soils
An explainable hybrid deep learning framework for precise skin lesion segmentation and multi-class classification
No full textIntroduction: Skin diseases, ranging from benign conditions to malignant tumors such as melanoma, present substantial diagnostic challenges due to their visual complexity and the inherent subjectivity in manual examination. Methods: This paper introduces a hybrid deep learning framework specifically designed for skin lesion segmentation and multi-class classification using dermoscopic images. The proposed model integrates a dual-task architecture, which combines a U-Net-based segmentation network with a classification module based on the EfficientNet-B0 backbone. To improve model interpretability and foster clinical trust, Grad-CAM is incorporated, allowing clinicians to visualize heatmaps that highlight the regions influencing the model’s decisions. Results: The model was trained and evaluated on the HAM10000 dataset, demonstrating robust performance, with a Dice coefficient surpassing 0.85 for segmentation and classification accuracy nearing 85%. Despite challenges such as class imbalance and the variety of lesion types, the model provides reliable results across different skin conditions. Discussion: The use of explainable AI (XAI) enhances transparency, a crucial factor in the clinical acceptance of AI-based diagnostic tools. This approach shows promise in improving diagnostic accuracy and supporting dermatologists, especially in resource-constrained settings, by providing both accurate lesion delineation and reliable class predictions. Future research will focus on improving the model’s generalizability, addressing underrepresented classes, and validating its effectiveness in real-world scenarios
The Effect of the Modified Case-Based Learning on Students of a Medical College to Understand Clinical Aspects of Biochemistry
No full textObjective: To determine the perception of the students about the modified case-based learning (M-CBL) to improve the understanding of clinical aspects of Biochemistry.
Methodology: It was a descriptive study and conducted at University College of Medicine and Dentistry, The University of Lahore. The study was approved by the ethical committee of the institution. A total of 300 students from first and second year MBBS class (total population of 1st and 2nd years) during the academic year 2014-15 were included in this study. During their tutorial timings, they were divided into small groups of about ten students with a mentor with each group. A relevant short clinical problem based on common symptoms followed by ten small questions or learning objectives were given to each group. Each group was given the time of one week for preparation. After their presentations, there was a small question and answer session. At the end of the year, a quantitative analysis was done using a questionnaire. Informed consent was taken from all the students. The questionnaire had 9 close-ended questions and one open-ended question which were filled by all first and second year MBBS students. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.
Results: Out of 300 students, 83.5% of students found M-CBL tool as an effective one and should be used in future for application of knowledge. According to our results collectively 59.8% of students agreed and 20.2% strongly agreed that clinical cases given were interesting. About 80% of students said that modified case-based learning motivated them to learn Biochemistry.
Conclusion: The results of our study clearly indicate that modified case-based learning (M-CBL) is an effective method of teaching and learning
