8 research outputs found
Regulatory dendritic cells express low levels of co-stimulatory molecules, but high levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines.
No full text<p>Young BALB/c and B6 cDC and DCreg were stained for co-stimulatory (A) and inhibitory (B) cell surface molecules directly following culture. Live cells were gated and DC identified by gating on CD11c<sup>+</sup> cells. (These cells were primarily CL II low.) rIg = rat IgG isotype control. Histograms are representative of N ≥ 4 independent experiments per group. (C) Cytokine concentrations in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA. ND, not detected. Data are mean ± SEM and represent 3 independent experiments.</p
Diversity of insects found in the Woodlot and Grasslands of the Danby Woods at York University
No full text<p>On September 29th, 2015 from approximately 3:30 -4:30pm Muhammad Akram and Daniel Germani, both students of BIOL 2050 and in lab section 02, headed out to the Danby Woodlots in order to collect information regarding the diversity of insects that could be found in the grasslands region and in the woodlot region using a quadrat. The temperature was approximately 15 degrees celcius, with a wind of approximately 15-20km/h in an Eastern direction and moderate persistent rainfall. Insect diversity was first observed in the grasslands area. The grasslands region is characterized by an open field containing short grass, wet soil and small shrubs of plants growing in a patchy distribution. The shrubbery is denser towards the West boundary of the Danby woods and gradually diminishes in the Eastern direction. Trees provide cover along the edges of the grassland. A 1m x 1m quadrat was used to collect data in both the grassland and woodlot. The first quadrat was laid down approximately 30m into the grassland from the Western boundary. The total number of insects and the number of recognizable taxonomic units (RTUs) among these insects was counted by Muhammad Akram using his naked eye and discretion based upon morphology. The data was gathered over a 60 second interval. Then the quadrat was shifted 1m over Eastward and the same variables were counted. After 10 quadrats had been conducted in the grasslands area, the researchers shifted over to the woodlot region of the woods. The woodlot region of the woods is characterized by dense tree growth with a moderate amount of canopy cover. There is a clearing at the centre of the woodlot approximately 200m squared and at the centre of this clearing is where the first quadrat was positioned. Using the same technique, the total number of insects observed and the number of recognizable taxonomic units was recorded, over a 60 second interval. The quadrat was then shifted approximately 1m south and repositioned with recordings being taken once more. A total of 10 quadrats were conducted here in the woodlot, making for a total of 20 quadrats conducted over the woodlot and grasslands area of the Danby Woods. No insects were observed in the woodlot area quadrats and this may be due to the rainy conditions which may have resulted in insects finding shelter underground. Also in the grasslands area the total number of insects as well as the number of RTUs experienced a general decrease as the quadrats were moved Eastward, which may be correlated with the decrease in shrubbery and increase in dirt in that direction of the grasslands.</p
Conditioning and health of adult trees and trees within close proximity of adult trees in Danby Woodlot, York University
No full text<p>On September 22, 2015 at approximately 3:00pm students of BIOL 2050: Ecology in lab section 02 visited the Danby Woodlot at York University in groups of 4 to practice field training with plants using quadrats and terrasects. In a group of 4 Muhammad Akram, Daniel Germani, Bonnie Duong and Markian Plawiuk split into groups of 2 to examine the woodlot and the grasslands area seperately. Muhammad Akram and Daniel Germani paired up while Bonnie Duong and Markian Plawiuk paired up. Daniel Germani analyzed species variance in the grasslands using a quadrat and Muhammad examined the conditioning of trees in the woodlot. Specifically the health and conditioning of adult trees approximately 12 ft in height and trees in closest proximity were analyzed to determine whether or not being close to a healthy adult tree had an impact on the conditioning of these trees. Using a transect extending from the western border of the woodlot to the centre, adult trees were chosen and then paired with the next tree closest to the adult tree. The observer Muhammad chose to walk approximately 10m into the forest before selecting the first adult tree closest to him and then selecting the next adult tree closest while walking East until 10 adult trees had been surveyed. The width of each tree trunk was used as a measure of health along with the quantity and quality of leaves. Trees with minimal healthy leaf production were assigned a 0 rating and large trees with a huge green canopy were given a 2 rating. Trees intermediate to these extremes were assigned a rating of 2. The DBH (distance from breast height or width at 56 inches off the ground) was measured using a measuring tape. Both the DBH and distance between trees was recorded in inches.</p
How the abundance of insects is affected by the size and condition of maple trees within close proximity, in the Danby Woods.
No full text<p>On October 13th, 2015 and Octover 20th, 2015 Muhammad Akram, Daniel Germani, Bonnie Duong and Markian Patwiak visited the Danby woods at York University in order to see if they could find a relationship between the size and conditioning of trees and the number of insects that could be found within 1m of 100 maple trees. We hypothesized that the size and conditioning of tree will have a direct correlatoin with the abundance of insects in the area. The number of insects present within a 1m^2 transect placed to the left (West) side of the tree was counted over a 60 second interval by all 4 members. Trees were categorized as either being dead and small, dead and large, alive and small, or alive and large based on greenery and evidence of trunk decay . The study took place over 2 days and over approximately 4.5 hours. On Day 1, October 13th, 2015 the data was collected from approximately 2:57pm - 5:05pm. Day 1 was a , cloudy day with moderate cloud cover, approximately 10km/h wind speed and a temperature of 15 degrees celsius. Data was collected from a total of 40 trees on this day, 10 from each category. Trees were analyzed from approximately 2:47pm-4:58pm on Day 2. It was also a moderatley cloudy day with slight precipiation throughout the time spent in the field. The temperature was at approximately 17 degrees celsius and wind speed was approximately 11km/h.</p
Exploring the anomaly in the interaction cross section and matter radius of 23O
No full textNew measurements of the interaction cross sections of 22,23O at 900A MeV performed at the GSI, Darmstadt are reported that address the unsolved puzzle of the large cross section previously observed for 23O. The matter radii for these oxygen isotopes extracted through a Glauber model analysis are in good agreement with the new predictions of the ab initio coupled-cluster theory reported here. They are consistent with a 22O+neutron description of 23O as well
Analytical Analysis and Field Test Investigation of Consolidation for CCSG Pile Composite Foundation in Soft Clay
No full textLow-grade concrete-cored sand-gravel (CCSG) pile composite foundation is a new kind of composite foundation for thick and soft clay ground treatment. An analytical solution was derived for calculating the consolidation process of this composite foundation by considering coefficients of horizontal permeability in smear zone, the radial flow within the sand-gravel shell, and the impervious property of concrete-cored pile. The results show that Terzaghi’s one-dimensional consolidation solution and the consolidation analytical solution of ordinary composite foundation were special cases of this solution. Curves of the average consolidation degree of the composite foundation under various nondimensional parameters were observed using the program based on the theoretical formula. Meanwhile, a series of in situ measurements including the settlement of pile and soil, the pore water pressure, and the total stress under embankment load were obtained on the CCSG pile composite foundation on a section of Zhenjiang-Liyang highway. The analyzed results show that the new style composite foundation patent technology has many advantages such as small differential postconstruction settlement (differential is not good, small is), reliable quality, high bearing capacity, and stability. And the consolidation of composite foundation is largely affected by the nondimensional parameters. The analytical solution is finally verified with the actual measurement data
The Gender Height Survey
No full text<p>The purpose of this lab was to conduct an in-lab data collecting practice with lab mates, learn how to write meta-data, and practice publishing data on Figshare. Group members included Muhammad Akram, Daniel Germani, and Markian Plawiuk. The data collection was completed at the Lumbers building at York University on the Keele campus, in room 118. Data was collected by surveying subjects on their self-reported approximate height, as well as noting the gender the subjects self-identified as. </p
Height analysis of males and females in Lab section 2 for BIOL 2050
No full text<p>The purpose of this study was to observe the differences in height between males and females in lab section 02 of Biol2050 at York University. Recordings were taken at approximately 3:00 pm at Lumbers building, in room 118. Both gender conformity and approximate height were self-reported by test subjects.</p
