1,721,010 research outputs found
Effect of Kind and Dosage of Enrichment Materials on the Nutritional Quality of Rotifers Especially n3-HUFA
No full text<p>This experiment was conducted to evaluate the quality of rotifer enriched with four kinds of enrichement materials from the stand point of essensial fatty acids. Rotifer was enriched at 24 - 25<sup>o</sup>C for 18 hours at a density of 1000 ind/ml. Rotifers were treated by four kinds of enrichment materials such as oleic acid (R-OA), two different density of <em>Nannochloropsis oculata</em>, (4x10<sup>7</sup> and 16x10<sup>7</sup> cell/ml; R-N18 and R-N42) two different levels of eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) triglyceride type (EPA-TAG) (20 and 40 ml/ml; R-E20, R-E40) and two different level of EPA ethyl ester (EPA-EE) (R-EE25 and R-EE50%) respectively. Rotifers enriched with <em>Nannochloropsis</em> <em>oculata</em> and EPA-EE type have a similar profile of essensial fatty acid especially on n3-HUFA that dominated by EPA, while DHA was in a trace amount or not detected. In addition <em>Nannochloropsis</em> <em>oculata</em> as an enrichment material showed the highest population density of rotifers during enrichment periods. Rotifer enriched with EPA-TAG has a more complete of essential fatty acid profile compared to other enrichment materials due to their contained both of EPA and DHA. We conclude that rotifer enriched with EPA-TAG as enrichment material showed the best nutritional quality of rotifers from the stand point of essential fatty acid.</p> <p>Key words : Rotifers, enrichment, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosaheksaenoic acid, n3-HUFA</p> <h2> </h2> <h2>ABSTRAK</h2> <p>Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil asam lemak rotifera yang diperkaya dengan berbagai macam jenis dan dosis pengkaya. Rotifera dengan kepadatan 1000 ind./ml diperkaya dengan bebagai bahan pengkaya seperti asam oleat (R-OA); <em>Nannochloropsis oculata </em>dengan kepadatan 4x10<sup>7</sup> dan 16x10<sup>7</sup> sel/ml (R-N18 dan R-N42); eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) tipe triglicerida (EPA-TAG) dengan dosis 20 dan 40 μl (R-E20 dan R-E40) dan EPA tipe ethyl esther (EPA-EE) dengan dosis 25 dan 50 μl per liter (R-EE25 and R-EE50%). Rotifera diperkaya selama 18 jam pada suhu 24-25<sup>o</sup>C. Rotifera yang diperkaya dengan <em>Nannochloropsis oculata</em> serta EPA-EE memiliki kesamaan profil asam lemak terutama pada incorporasi EPA, sedangkan DHA terkandung pada jumlah yang kecil atau tidak terdeteksi. Adapun rotifera yang diperkaya dengan EPA-TAG memiliki profil asam lemak yang lebih lengkap terutama ditinjau dari kandunga EPA dan docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) nya. Selanjutnya rotifera yang diperkaya dengan <em>Nannochloropsis</em> <em>oculata</em> memiliki populasi yang tertinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengkayaan dengan EPA-TAG memiliki kualitas rotifera yang terbaik ditinjau dari sisi kelengkapan kandungan asam lemaknya.</p> <p>Kata kunci : Kualitas rotifera, pengkayaan, asam eikosapentaenoik, asam dokosaheksaenoik, n3-HUFA</p></jats:p
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Literature study of Zn supplementation in feed for optimizing Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus growth
Get PDFMicro minerals play a crucial role in the physiological processes of fish, acting as enzyme cofactors and stabilizing enzyme and protein structures. One of the essential micro minerals needed in the body is zinc (Zn). Zinc is utilized for various physiological processes, including the maintenance of enzymatic processes within the fish\u27s body. The aim of this literature review is to analyze the optimal level of zinc supplementation in feed to enhance the growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus), based on the reported findings of conducted research. The literature sources were obtained from accredited national journals, international journals, research outcomes, theses, and dissertations over the past 20 years. The results of this literature review indicate that zinc supplementation in feed can have a positive impact on overall fish growth by increasing digestive enzyme activity, particularly protease enzymes. The level of zinc supplementation in fish is influenced by several factors including, fish size, feed consumption quantity, and duration of maintenance. The optimal dietary zinc intake for Nile tilapia growth is reported to be in the range of 20–50 mg/kg.
Keywords: growth, literature study, Nile tilapia, zinc
ABSTRAK
Mikro mineral memiliki peran yang sangat penting dalam fisiologi tubuh ikan yang berfungsi sebagai kofaktor enzim dan menjadi penstabil struktur enzim maupun protein. Salah satu mikro mineral yang memiliki fungsi penting dan diperlukan dalam tubuh adalah unsur seng (Zn). Unsur Zn digunakan untuk proses fisiologis termasuk pemeliharaan proses enzimatik dalam tubuh ikan. Tujuan studi pustaka ini adalah menganalisis tingkat suplementasi Zn yang optimum dalam pakan untuk meningkatkan performa pertumbuhan ikan nila Oreochromis niloticus berdasarkan laporan hasil-hasil penelitian yang telah dilakukan. Sumber pustaka didapatkan dari jurnal nasional terakreditasi, jurnal internasional, hasil penelitian, tesis, dan disertasi pada kurun waktu 20 tahun terakhir. Hasil studi pustaka ini menunjukkan bahwa suplementasi Zn dalam pakan dapat memberikan pengaruh positif pada pertumbuhan ikan secara umum melalui peningkatan aktivitas enzim pencernaan terutama enzim protease. Tingkat suplementasi Zn pada ikan dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor diantaranya, ukuran ikan, jumlah konsumsi pakan, dan lama pemeliharaan. Nilai asupan Zn yang memberikan pertumbuhan optimum pada ikan nila adalah sebesar 20–50 mg/kg.
Kata kunci: ikan nila, pertumbuhan, seng, studi pustak
Effect of Kind and Dosage of Enrichment Materials on the Nutritional Quality of Rotifers Especially n3-HUFA
Get PDFThis experiment was conducted to evaluate the quality of rotifer enriched with four kinds of enrichement materials from the stand point of essensial fatty acids. Rotifer was enriched at 24 - 25oC for 18 hours at a density of 1000 ind/ml. Rotifers were treated by four kinds of enrichment materials such as oleic acid (R-OA), two different density of Nannochloropsis oculata, (4x107 and 16x107 cell/ml; R-N18 and R-N42) two different levels of eicosapentaenoic acids (EPA) triglyceride type (EPA-TAG) (20 and 40 ml/ml; R-E20, R-E40) and two different level of EPA ethyl ester (EPA-EE) (R-EE25 and R-EE50%) respectively. Rotifers enriched with Nannochloropsis oculata and EPA-EE type have a similar profile of essensial fatty acid especially on n3-HUFA that dominated by EPA, while DHA was in a trace amount or not detected. In addition Nannochloropsis oculata as an enrichment material showed the highest population density of rotifers during enrichment periods. Rotifer enriched with EPA-TAG has a more complete of essential fatty acid profile compared to other enrichment materials due to their contained both of EPA and DHA. We conclude that rotifer enriched with EPA-TAG as enrichment material showed the best nutritional quality of rotifers from the stand point of essential fatty acid.
Key words : Rotifers, enrichment, eicosapentaenoic acid, docosaheksaenoic acid, n3-HUFA
ABSTRAK
Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui profil asam lemak rotifera yang diperkaya dengan berbagai macam jenis dan dosis pengkaya. Rotifera dengan kepadatan 1000 ind./ml diperkaya dengan bebagai bahan pengkaya seperti asam oleat (R-OA); Nannochloropsis oculata dengan kepadatan 4x107 dan 16x107 sel/ml (R-N18 dan R-N42); eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) tipe triglicerida (EPA-TAG) dengan dosis 20 dan 40 μl (R-E20 dan R-E40) dan EPA tipe ethyl esther (EPA-EE) dengan dosis 25 dan 50 μl per liter (R-EE25 and R-EE50%). Rotifera diperkaya selama 18 jam pada suhu 24-25oC. Rotifera yang diperkaya dengan Nannochloropsis oculata serta EPA-EE memiliki kesamaan profil asam lemak terutama pada incorporasi EPA, sedangkan DHA terkandung pada jumlah yang kecil atau tidak terdeteksi. Adapun rotifera yang diperkaya dengan EPA-TAG memiliki profil asam lemak yang lebih lengkap terutama ditinjau dari kandunga EPA dan docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) nya. Selanjutnya rotifera yang diperkaya dengan Nannochloropsis oculata memiliki populasi yang tertinggi dibanding perlakuan lainnya. Dari penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa pengkayaan dengan EPA-TAG memiliki kualitas rotifera yang terbaik ditinjau dari sisi kelengkapan kandungan asam lemaknya.
Kata kunci : Kualitas rotifera, pengkayaan, asam eikosapentaenoik, asam dokosaheksaenoik, n3-HUF
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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