7 research outputs found
Sustainable and inclusive urban transport
No full textTransport and communications bulletin for Asia and the Far East. (0041-1396)Sustainable and Inclusive Urban Transport
The Transport and Communications Bulletin for Asia and the Pacific is a peer-reviewed journal published once a year by the Transport Division of the Economic and Social Commission for Asia and the Pacific (ESCAP). The main objectives of the Bulletin are to provide a medium for the sharing of knowledge, experience, ideas, policy options and information on the development of transport infrastructure and services in the Asia-Pacific region; to stimulate policy-oriented research; and to increase awareness of transport policy issues and responses.
Given the increased demand for urban mobility due to rapid urbanization and rural-urban migration, Asian countries need to make a significant investment in improving urban transport infrastructure and systems. There is a need for evidence-based policies and sustainable and inclusive plans for the urban public transport systems that tackle these pressing issues. In this Bulletin these issues are explored with a focus on countries in the Asia-Pacific region. It consists of four articles:
a. Impact of bus rapid transit on urban air pollution: commuter’s exposure to PM2.5 in Ahmedabad by Shivanand Swamy, Madhav Pai and Shelly Kulshrestha;
b. Sustainable and equitable transport system in Delhi: issues and policy direction by Absar Alam;
c. Towards an inclusive public transport system in Pakistan by Muhammad Adeel, Anthony G.O Yeh and Zhang Feng; and
d. The institutional environment for sustainable transport development by Abdul Quium.It consists of four articles:
Impact of bus rapid transit on urban air pollution: commuter’s exposure to PM2.5 in Ahmedabad by Shivanand Swamy, Madhav Pai and Shelly Kulshrestha ... 8
Sustainable and equitable transport system in Delhi: issues and policy direction by Absar Alam ... 23
Towards an inclusive public transport system in Pakistan by Muhammad Adeel, Anthony G.O Yeh and Zhang Feng ... 33
The institutional environment for sustainable transport development by Abdul Quium ... 4
ISCHEMIC STROKE; FREQUENCY OF RAISED HEMOGLOBIN A1c IN PATIENTS PRESENTING WITH ISCHEMIC STROKE
No full textA Study of Brain Metastases and Tuberculomas Examination Using MRS and DWI
No full textObjective: The present comparative study evaluates brain tuberculomas and metastasis using a combined analysis of MRS and DWI in the Pakistan context.
Materials & Methods: The present comparative study was conducted at the Department of Neurology, Aziz Fatimah Medical and Dental College Faisalabad, Pakistan. This comparative prospective analysis also included 118 newly diagnosed, untreated individuals who were suspected or confirmed to have nervous system tuberculosis (NST) using sophisticated MRI methods such as DWI and MRS. Linear regression was utilized to compare tuberculomas based on the apparent diffusion coefficient value of high-grade gliomas and metastatic lesions.
Results: Tuberculomas displayed predominantly isointense (61%) and hypointense (58.3%) signals on T1W and T2W images, respectively. Metastases showed a higher occurrence of T2 hyperintensity (61.6%) and T1 hyp0intensity (46.2%). Neurocysticercosis consistently appeared hypointense and hyperintense across all imaging modalities. High-grade gliomas were primarily hypointense on T1W (60%) & hyperintense on T2W (100%) images. Abscesses were uniformly hyperintense on T2W images. Mean ADC values were highest in neurocysticercosis (1.64 × 10?³ mm²/s) and lowest in abscesses (0.396 × 10?³ mm²/s). MRS revealed distinctive metabolite ratios, with high NAA/Cr & NAA/Ch0 in neurocysticercosis and elevated Ch0/Cr in high-grade gliomas.
Conclusion: There is no discernible benefit to using DWI to distinguish tuberculomas from gliomas and metastases. It is possible to distinguish tuberculomas from gliomas and metastases using their distinct metabolite pattern on MRS
Neuroscience in Acute Stroke Treatment: Current Strategies and Emerging Therapies in Pakistan
No full textObjective: To discuss the current strategies and emerging therapies in treating acute stroke in Pakistan. Explores how personal beliefs influence health behavior and decision-making.
Materials & Methods: The present qualitative study of neuroscience in acute stroke treatment was carried out at the Department of Neurology at Aziz Fatimah Medical and Dental College, Faisalabad. The theoretical concepts of the Health Belief Model (HBM) apply to explore how personal beliefs influence health behavior and decision-making in acute stroke treatment, strategies, and emerging therapies. All acute stroke patients of the Department of Neurology from June 2023 to June 2024 were interviewed for thematic analysis. Interviews were transcribed on MS Word, and then they were coded using software called QDA Miner Lite.
Results: The study found intravenous thrombolysis, mechanical thrombectomy, stroke units, and tele-stroke services, which could gradually be made a part of the healthcare infrastructure. Improvement in stroke management is expected with emerging therapies like neuroprotective agents and stem cell therapy also helpful for acute stroke treatment. The study found major problems in awareness and accessibility of acute stroke treatment, current strategies, and emerging therapies.
Conclusion: The study revealed that stroke care optimization in Pakistan reduces the burden of disabilities and mortality related to stroke. Although most significant urban centers offer advanced care for stroke patients, accessibility to their services is still not present for those residing in remote and rural areas
تحقيق مخطوط (مفتاح العبادة ووسيلة السعادة في الفقه واالعتقاد على مذهب اإلمام األعظم أبي حنيفة رضي هللا عنه)
No full textYazarın bilgileri :
Molla Hüseyin ibn Iskandar al-Rumi el-Hanafi, H. 1084 yılında vefat etmiş , Allah ona rahmet . etsinFıkıh ve tasavvuf âlimlerinden olup, Osmanlı Devleti âlimlerindendir.Fıkıh ve tefsir üzerine çok sayıda kitabı vardır ve tasnif konusunda çok iyi yeteneği vardı.
Kitapları arasında şunlar bulunmaktadır:el cevharu-minir mecmeul-muhimmati diniyye), (Hanefi Düşünce Okulu'ndaki Dini Misyonların Bileşimi) .
Bu kitap da dahil olmak üzere ve yazara atfedilmesi sabittir. (Al-Alam Al-Zarkali, Cilt 2/233), (Hidaya Al-Arifeen, Cilt 1/323) .
Mahtut bilgileri :
İçinde fıkıh ve inançlardaki tasnifinden bir giriş yapıldı, kitabın girişinde şöyle dedi: (Fıkıh, inançlar ve dini meseleleri içeren girişimi açıklıyordum ama içinde biraz uzun gördüm, bu yüzden onun uzun sayılarından bazılarını kısalttım ve ona güzel bir kolaylaştırma ekledim. Peygamber'in hicretinin bin altmış dört yılında mübarek Zilhicce ayı ve hamd yalnızca Allah'a mahsustur.
Temizlik ve namaz ile sınırlandırılmış, inanç, tevhid ve Cenab-ı Hakk'ın bilgisi ile ilgili bir fasıldan bahsedilmiş ve fıkıh fasılları altında düzenlenmeyen çeşitli konularda bir bölüm ayırmıştır.
Sık sık meydana gelenleri ve mükellefin bilmesi gerekenleri zikretmiş, meseleleri zikrettikten sonra fıkhî faydalardan bahsetmiş, söz ve fiillerde küfre düşmekten ve imanın temelini bozmaktan sakındırmaya çalışmıştır.
Ve onu, (Tenveer al-Absar, Durar al-Hakem, Muniyat al-Musalla, açıklaması, al-Bahr al-Ra'iq, al-Mukhtar ve Multaqa al-Abhar) gibi onaylanmış kitaplardan seçti. ve ibadet fiillerini düzeltmekle ilgili bazı kitaplardan, örneğin: (Gaznevi , Hadiyat İbn el-İmad ve el-Kidani) Ve doktrinin doğru doktrinini açıklamaya özen gösterdi. ve ağırlık kitaplarından alınan fetvalara dayananlar, örneğin: (The Springs, Al-Mujtaba, Al-Sarraj Al-Wahaj, Tuhfat Al-Muluk, Al-Muhat Al-Burhani, Al-Jami` Al-Wajeez , Gerçeklerin Açıklanması ve Sonuç.
Ve kitabın sıradan insanlara uygun olmasına ve bazı meseleleri bilmede ve kitaplardan varlık ihtimalini bilmede ilim talebeleri için bir referans olmasına özen göstermiş, bu yüzden meseleleri kolay ve sade bir şekilde zikretmiş ve bazı konuları düzenlemeye devam edebilir ve konunun kökenine değinebilir ve konuyu tam olarak bilmek isteyenler için referansına atıfta bulunabilir ve bu, sıradan insanın ruhunu bilgi aramaya ve araştırmaya yönlendirmede bir çekirdektir. Kitabın sonunda, ilim öğrenmenin fazileti hakkında bir sûreden bahsetmiş ve üslubuyla bir ibret ve nasihat olması gerektiğini söylemiş ve bundan dolayı: (cenaze namazı sûresini) Kitabın sonunda ve Dua Kitabında bahsetmedi Sonra niyeti ve Yüce Allah'a bağlılığı hakkında bir sonuç belirtti.
El yazması nüshaları :
El yazmasının dört nüshasını buldum :
Birinci nüsha: (64) levhalarında yer alan Reşid Efendi Kütüphanesi.
Üçüncü nüsha: İskenderiye'deki Belediye Kütüphanesi, (54) levhalarında yer almaktadır.
Dördüncü nüsha:: Kahire'deki Üniversite Kütüphanesi, (55) plakada yer almaktadır.Author information:
Mullah Hussein bin Iskandar al-Rumi al-Hanafi, died within the year 1084 A.H., may God have mercy on him.
A jurist, speaker, and scholar of readings, and he is one of the scholars of the Ottoman Empire. He has many books on jurisprudence, creed and intonation, and he has a faculty in classification. Among his books are: (Al-Jawhar al-Munir fi Sharh al-Tanweer), (The Compound of Religious Missions on the Hanafi School of thought), (Jawhar al-Masas Fi Fi Every sane and ignorant person needs it), and also this book, and its attribution to the author is correct as in “Al-Alam Al-Zarkali” vol. 2/233 “Hidiyah al-Arifeen by al-Babani vol. 1/323.”
Book information:
In it he explained an introduction to his classification in jurisprudence and beliefs, and he was limited to purity and prayer, and mentioned a chapter on belief and monotheism, and singled out a chapter on various issues that are not organized under jurisprudence chapters.
He mentioned in it what frequently occurs and what the taxpayer needs to know, and he strives to warn against infidels and disrupts the foundation of faith from the words and actions that may be issued by the taxpayer, and he selected it from the books approved in the doctrine, such as the book “Tanweer al-Absar” and “Durar al-Hakam” and “Muniyat al-Musali” and its explanation, and the clear sea Al-Mukhtar, Multaqa Al-Abhar, and some of the books that dealt with the chapters of worship, such as the Al-Muqaddimah Al-Ghaznawi book, the key to happiness, the gift of Ibn Al-Imad, Al-Kidani, and other books. Al-Sarraj Al-Wahaj, Tuhfat Al-Muluk, Al-Mohit Al-Burhani, Al-Jami` Al-Wajeez, Clarifying the Facts, Summary) and others.
The author was interested in the book that it should be suitable for the common people and beginners, and he was also interested in being a reference for students of knowledge in knowing issues and knowing the reasons for their presence in books, and that it would be a nucleus in guiding the common and the novice in the request towards more knowledge and knowledge of issues, as the author mentioned at the end of the book A chapter on seeking knowledge and its virtues, and he also took care of it in his style, reminding and exhorting, and from that he mentioned the funeral prayer in the chapters at the end of the book, and he mentioned at the end of the book a benefit and then a conclusion in which he spoke about the intention and its devotion to God Almighty.
Manuscript information:
It was based on three manuscript copies of the book, which are:
The first copy: The original of this copy is preserved in Rashid Effendi Library in Kayseri No. ((21511)), and it is located in ((64)) plates .
The second copy: its original is preserved in the municipal library in Alexandria, located in ((54)) panels .
The third copy: its original is preserved in the university library in Cairo, located in ((55)) panels .معلومات المؤلف :
الملا حسين بن إسكندر الرومي الحنفي ، توفي في حدود سنة : ] 1084 ه [ رحمه الله .
فقيه متكلم وعالم بالقراءات ، وهو من علماء الدولة العثمانية ، له العديد من المؤلفات في الفقه والعقيدة
والتجويد ، وله ملكة في التصنيف ، ومن مؤلفاته : )الجوهر المنير في شرح التنوير( ، )مجمع المهمات
الدينية على مذهب السادة الحنفية( ، )جواهر المسائل فيما يحتاج إليه كل عاقل وجاهل( ، ومنها أيضا هذا
الكتاب ، ونسبته إلى المؤلف صحيحة كما في "الأعلام للزركلي "ج 2 / 233 " "هدية العارفين للباباني
ج 1 / 323 . "
معلومات الكتاب :
شرح فيه مقدمة من تصنيفه في الفقه والعقائد ، واقتصر على الطهارة والصلاة ، وذكر بابا في الاعتقاد
والتوحيد ، وأفرد فصلاً في مسائل شتى غير منظومة تحت الأبواب الفقهية .
وذكر فيه مايكثر وقوعه وماتمس حاجة المكلف إلى معرفته ، واجتهد في التنبيه على يوقع في الكفر ويخل
بأصل الإيمان من الألفاظ والأفعال التي قد تصدر من المكلف ، وانتقاه من الكتب المعتمدة في المذهب ، مثل
كتاب تنوير الأبصار ، ودرر الحكام ، ومنية المصلي وشرحها ، والبحر الرائق ، والمختار ، وملتقى الأبحر
، ومن بعض الكتب التي عنيت بأبواب العبادات ، مثل كتاب المقدمة الغزنوية ، ومفتاح السعادة ، وهدية ابن
العماد ، والكيدانية ، وغيرها من الكتب ، واعتنى ببيان الصحيح في المذهب وماعليه الفتوى من بعض كتب
الترجيح ، مثل : )الينابيع ، والمجتبى ، والسراج الوهاج ، وتحفة الملوك ، والمحيط البرهاني ، والجامع
الوجيز ، وتبيين الحقائق ، والخلاصة( وغيرها .
واهتم المؤلف في الكتاب بأن يكون مناسبا للعوام والمبتدئين ، واهتم أيضا بأن يكون مرجعا لطلبة العلم في
معرفة المسائل ومعرفة مظان وجودها في الكتب ، وأن يكون نواة في توجيه العامي والمبتدئ في الطلب
نحو الاستزادة من طلب العلم ومعرفة المسائل ، حيث قد ذكر المؤلف في آخر الكتاب فصلاً في طلب العلم
وفضله ، واعتنى فيه كذلك بأن يكون بأسلوبه مذكراً واعظا ، ومن ذلك أنه ذكر صلاة الجنازة في الفصول
آخر الكتاب ، وذكر في آخر الكتاب فائدة ثم خاتمة تكلم فيها عن النية وإخلاصها لله تعالى .
معلومات المخطوط :
وقد اعتمدت على ثلاث نسخ مخطوطة للكتاب ، وهي :
النسخة الأولى : أصل هذه النسخة محفوظ في مكتبة راشد أفندي في قيصري رقم )) 21511 (( ، عدد
لوحاتها )) 64 (( لوحة .
النسخة الثانية : أصلها محفوظ في مكتبة البلدية بالإسكندرية ، عدد لوحاتها )) 54 (( لوحة .
النسخة الثالثة : أصلها محفوظ في مكتبة الجامعة في القاهرة ، عدد لوحاتها )) 55 (( لوحة
Advancing Chronic Kidney Disease Prediction Through Machine Learning and Deep Learning With Feature Analysis
No full textChronic Kidney Diesease (CKD) is a significant health issue, ranking as the fourth leading cause of mortality worldwide. The traditional diagnosis and treatment process, reliant on medical experts, is time-consuming. Therefore, thereis an urgent need for more efficient diagnostic methods to improve patient outcomes and reduce mortality rates. In this study, we employ Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) techniques to predict CKD based on important features. Feature analysis was performed using a correlation matrix and the LASSO algo-rithm to identify the most relevant features for model training. We evaluated several ML and DL classifiers, including Logistic Regression (LR), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Random Forest (RF), Naive Bayes (NB), K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN), Decision Tree (DT), XG-Boost (XGB), Ada- Boost(AB), and Deep Neural Network.Our results demonstrated that the RF, LR, and SVM classifiers achieved the highest performance, with accuracy rates of 96.66%, 96.66% and 96%on average, respectively. This study identifies the most effective classifiers for CKD prediction and proposes a public modelto facilitate early diagnosis, potentially reducing CKD-related mortality
Emerging trends in IoT for aquatic systems: a systematic literature review
No full textClimate change, pollution, and the overexploitation of water resources have intensified global water scarcity, particularly in arid and semi-arid regions. This systematic literature review analyzes 458 peer-reviewed articles published between 2015 and 2025 to identify the main IoT-based technological strategies applied to the monitoring and management of surface and groundwater systems. Following PRISMA guidelines, the studies were categorized into four thematic areas: IoT applications in aquatic environments, data transmission technologies, algorithms for process optimization and data analysis, and sensor fusion techniques. The results show that LoRa is the most widely adopted transmission technology due to its long-range coverage, scalability, and low energy consumption. Emerging innovations such as remote IoT, satellite-assisted sensing, and digital twins are also gaining relevance as transformative tools for real-time hydrological monitoring. Overall, the findings reveal a shift toward more integrated and intelligent IoT frameworks and include a recommended architecture for aquatic systems. Despite these advancements, the review highlights the need for more accessible, affordable, and interoperable IoT solutions to enable broader adoption, particularly in resource-constrained regions, and to support sustainable water resource management.Introduction
Research Methodology
Cluster Analysis
Thematic Trend Analysis
Answer to questions set forth in the RSL
Suggested IoT architecture for aquatic systems based on the contributions of the authors
ConclusionAutomatización y control de procesos industriale
